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Juvenile Justice Girls Randomized Control Trial: Young Adult Follow-up

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01341626
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : April 26, 2011
Last Update Posted : April 24, 2017
Sponsor:
Collaborators:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of Oregon
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Leslie D. Leve, University of Oregon

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
This study is a young adult follow-up of 166 females who originally participated in an RCT during adolescence due to their involvement in the juvenile justice system.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Delinquency Drug Use Behavioral: Treatment Foster Care (TFCO) Behavioral: Group Care Phase 1

Detailed Description:
Females under age 18 years old are the fastest-growing segment of the juvenile justice population and are at risk for negative co-occurring outcomes including drug abuse, HIV/STI risk, criminal behavior, and educational failure. As they enter young adulthood, this constellation of behaviors puts them at heightened risk for early parenthood and subsequent involvement in the child welfare system (for their parenting behaviors) and the adult corrections system (for criminal behaviors). Such system involvement is costly, and its prevention would be of great significance to public health; however, very little is known about factors leading to females' success/failure in young adulthood and factors that might prevent involvement in these two public systems. This study aims to further our understanding of the pathways to and the prevention of HIV/STI risk, drug use, and child welfare and adult corrections involvement by following-up 166 women who participated in two randomized intervention trials aimed at reducing delinquency during adolescence. In the original studies, juvenile justice girls who had been referred for out-of-home placement due to chronic delinquency were randomly assigned to services as usual or to Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO, formerly known as MTFC). Efficacy of the intervention with this sample has been shown at 12- and 24-month follow-ups on criminal referral rates, days spent in locked settings, deviant peer associations, educational engagement, and pregnancy prevention. The investigators propose to examine the developmental pathways for these juvenile justice girls into young adulthood (ages 21-28 years) using innovative data collection and data analytic techniques, with foci on the long-term effects of TFCO, the mediators of young adult adjustment and child welfare/corrections involvement, and the cost effectiveness and cost avoidance of TFCO on these outcomes. The overarching aim is to identify potential targets for subsequent intervention. One in-person assessment is proposed with each female and her current romantic partner (if she has one); in addition, telephone interviews will be conducted every 6 months for the duration of the study, and system data from child welfare and adult corrections will be collected.

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 166 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose: Prevention
Official Title: Juvenile Justice Girls: Pathways to Adjustment and System Use in Young Adulthood
Study Start Date : January 1997
Actual Primary Completion Date : December 2016
Actual Study Completion Date : December 2016
Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO)
Youth are placed individually in well-trained and supervised foster homes. Basic components include: (a) daily telephone contact with TFCO parents using the Parent Daily Report; (b) weekly foster parent group meetings focused on supervision, training in parenting practices, and support; (c) an individualized behavior management program implemented daily in the home by foster parent; (d) individualized skills training for the youth; (e) family therapy for aftercare family focused on parent management strategies; (f) close monitoring of school attendance, performance, and homework completion; (g) case management to coordinate TFCO, family, peer, and school settings; (h) 24-hour on-call staff availability to TFCO and biological parents; and (i) psychiatric consultation.
 Behavioral: Treatment Foster Care (TFCO)
Youth placed individually in well-trained and supervised foster homes. Basic components: (a) daily telephone contact with TFCO parents; (b) weekly foster parent group meetings focused on supervision, training in parenting practices, and support; (c) an individualized behavior management program implemented daily in the home by foster parent; (d) individualized skills training for the youth; (e) family therapy for aftercare family focused on parent management strategies; (f) close monitoring of school attendance, performance, and homework completion; (g) case management to coordinate TFCO, family, peer, and school settings; (h) 24-hour on-call staff availability to TFCO and biological parents; and (i) psychiatric consultation. Services typically last approximately 6 months.
Other Name: Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care
Active Comparator: Group Care
Group Care is the usual service for youth placed in out-of-home care for chronic delinquency in Oregon. These programs represented typical services for girls being referred to out-of-home care by the juvenile justice system and had 2-51 youth in residence (M = 21) and 1-50 staff members (Mdn = 2); most also had onsite schooling. Although the programs differed somewhat in theoretical orientations, 86% reported that they endorsed a specific treatment model, of which the primary philosophy was a behavioral (70%), eclectic (26%), or family-style therapeutic approach (4%).
 Behavioral: Group Care
Group Care is the usual service for youth placed in out-of-home care for chronic delinquency in Oregon. These programs represented typical services for girls being referred to out-of-home care by the juvenile justice system and had 2-51 youth in residence (M = 21) and 1-50 staff members (Mdn = 2); most also had onsite schooling. Although the programs differed somewhat in theoretical orientations, 86% reported that they endorsed a specific treatment model, of which the primary philosophy was a behavioral (70%), eclectic (26%), or family-style therapeutic approach (4%). Services typically last approximately 6 months.


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Delinquency [ Time Frame: Months 12, 24, 36, and young adulthood (ave. of 7 year follow-up + 10 year follow-up) ]
    Measured as self-reported criminal activity and count of official arrests and criminal referrals

  2. substance use [ Time Frame: Months 12, 24, 36 and young adulthood (ave. of 7-year follow-up + 10 year follow-up) ]
    Measured via self-reported use and diagnostic interview assessment


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. HIV risk behavior [ Time Frame: Months 12, 24, 36 and young adulthood (ave. of 7-year follow-up) ]
    Measured as self-reported engagement in sexual behaviors

  2. economic costs [ Time Frame: young adulthood (age 18-28; average of 7-year follow-up) ]
    Measured by comparing the costs of intervention delivery relative to the two intervention programs relative to costs incurred through time in detention, jail, and prison; relative to costs incurred due to child welfare involvement; and relative to symptom counts on self-report inventories.

  3. Depression [ Time Frame: Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and Young Adult (average 7 year follow-up) ]
    Measured on the CESD depression inventory and the Brief Symptom Inventory, and via diagnostic interview


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   13 Years to 18 Years   (Child, Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • female
  • 13-17 years old
  • at least one criminal referral in the prior year
  • court-mandated placement in out-of-home care

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Currently pregnant
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01341626


Locations
United States, Oregon
Oregon Social Learning Center
Eugene, Oregon, United States, 97401
University of Oregon
Eugene, Oregon, United States, 97403
Sponsors and Collaborators
Oregon Social Learning Center
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of Oregon
Investigators
Principal Investigator: Leslie Leve, PhD University of Oregon
More Information
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Publications of Results:

Responsible Party: Leslie D. Leve, Study Principal Investigator, University of Oregon
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01341626     History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers: R01DA024672 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
R01DA015208 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
R01MH054257-01 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
R03MH091611 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: April 26, 2011    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: April 24, 2017
Last Verified: April 2017
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: Undecided

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Keywords provided by Leslie D. Leve, University of Oregon:
delinquency
drug use
HIV risk behavior
economic costs