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Nudging Guideline-concordant Antibiotic Prescribing Using Public Commitments

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
 
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01767064
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : January 11, 2013
Results First Posted : August 10, 2017
Last Update Posted : August 10, 2017
Sponsor:
Collaborators:
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Jason Doctor, University of Southern California

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) persists despite decades of intervention efforts. Negative outcomes of inappropriate antibiotics include increased costs of care, adverse drug reactions, and rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To address this public health problem, we apply the principles of commitment and consistency in an effort to influence clinician decision-making through the implementation of a low-cost behavioral "nudge" in the form of a simple public commitment device. Clinicians were asked to post in their exam room a signed letter indicating their commitments to reducing inappropriate antibiotic use for ARIs. Our hypothesis is that clinicians displaying the poster-sized commitment letters will decrease their inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs as compared to clinicians in the control condition (with no posted letter).

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) Other: Posted commitment letter Not Applicable

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 14 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
Official Title: Nudging Guideline-concordant Antibiotic Prescribing Using Public Commitments
Study Start Date : February 2012
Actual Primary Completion Date : May 2012
Actual Study Completion Date : May 2013

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: Antibiotics

Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Posted commitment letter
The poster-sized (18x24 inches) commitment letter, written at the 8th grade reading-level and displayed in English and Spanish, emphasize clinician commitment to guidelines for appropriate antibiotic prescribing and explain why antibiotics are not appropriate in many cases. These letters, featuring clinician photographs and signatures, are displayed in clinician exam rooms for a 16-week period.
 Other: Posted commitment letter
No Intervention: Control
Usual care with no posted letters.


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing for Patients With Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) [ Time Frame: up to 12 months post intervention ]
    Using data from electronic health records, we will calculate clinician antibiotic prescribing rates for antibiotic-inappropriate ARI diagnoses: acute nasopharyngitis (ICD-9 460.x), acute laryngitis without obstruction (465.8), acute laryngopharyngitis (465.0), acute bronchitis (466.x), acute upper respiratory infections of other multiple sites (465.8), acute upper respiratory infections not otherwise specified (465.9), bronchitis not specified as acute or chronic (490.x), non-streptococcal pharyngitis (462.xx), and influenza with other respiratory manifestations (487.1). To control for temporal trends in antibiotic prescribing and provider-fixed effects, we will fit a logistic mixed effects model that predicts inappropriate antibiotic prescribing as a function of study arm and an indicator for baseline versus intervention period (a difference-in-differences regression).


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Medical professionals licensed to provide care and prescribe medications (including antibiotics)
  • Treating adult patients (18 years of age and older) from 5 Los Angeles community clinics

Exclusion Criteria:

  • none
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01767064


Locations
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United States, California
QueensCare Family Clinics
Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027
Sponsors and Collaborators
University of Southern California
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Jason N Doctor, Ph.D. University of Southern California
More Information
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Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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Responsible Party: Jason Doctor, Associate Professor, University of Southern California
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01767064    
Other Study ID Numbers: USCalifornia
RC4AG039115 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: January 11, 2013    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: August 10, 2017
Last Update Posted: August 10, 2017
Last Verified: July 2017
Keywords provided by Jason Doctor, University of Southern California:
ARIs, antibiotics, public commitment, quality improvement
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Respiratory Tract Infections
Infections
Respiratory Tract Diseases