TMC125-TiDP35-C213: Safety and Antiviral Activity of Etravirine (TMC125) in Treatment-Experienced, HIV Infected Children and Adolescents

• The Number of Patients With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) [ Time Frame: 48 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  A treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an event that occurred in the 48-week treatment period during which it emerged (i.e. started or worsened in severity, relation, or other attribute), and not in the subsequent study periods, even if the event continued to be present. Adverse events were graded from 1 to 4 in severity using the Division of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome severity scale (grade 1 being less severe and grade 4 being more severe). ETR=etravirine/TMC125; OBR=optimized background regimen
  
  
• The Percentage of Patients With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) [ Time Frame: 48 weeks ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  The percentage of patients with a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) (defined as an event that occurred in the 48-week treatment period during which it emerged [i.e. started or worsened in severity, relation, or other attribute], and not in the subsequent study periods, even if the event continued to be present] are provided below. Adverse events were graded from 1 to 4 in severity using the Division of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome severity scale (grade 1 being less severe and grade 4 being more severe). ETR=etravirine/TMC125; OBR=optimized background regimen
  
  

• Population Pharmacokinetic (PK) Estimates of Etravirine/TMC125 (ETR): Area Under the Plasma Concentration-time Curve Over 12 Hours at Steady-state (AUC12h) [ Time Frame: Weeks 4-48 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  The AUC12h is a Bayesian estimation based on a population pharmacokinetic model and sparse samples collected at each visit over the duration of trial. For each sparse sample taken, the time blood sample was recorded as well as the time of etravirine intake just prior to the time of blood sample.
  
  
• Population Pharmacokinetic (PK) Estimates of Etravirine/TMC125 (ETR): Trough Plasma Concentration (C0h) [ Time Frame: Week 48 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Population Pharmacokinetic (PK) Estimates of Etravirine/TMC125 (ETR): Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) [ Time Frame: Week 4 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Etravirine/TMC125 (ETR) Cmax was approximated for each individual using the median value of plasma ETR concentrations taken 4 hours postdose (± 1 hour), when available, on the day of the Week 4 visit as shown in the table below.
  
  
• Percentage of Patients With Virologic Response at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Week 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Virologic response was defined as the percentage of patients with plasma viral load < 50 copies/mL at Week 24 calculated according to the non-completer=failure (NC=F) imputation method.
  
  
• Change From Baseline in Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) in Plasma Over Time [ Time Frame: Baseline, Week 48 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• The Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Counts Over Time [ Time Frame: Baseline, Week 48 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• The Emergence of Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance-associated Mutations (NNRTI RAMs) in Patients Classified as Virologic Failures [ Time Frame: Baseline and Endpoint (up to Week 48) ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Virologic failure (lack of response) was defined as:plasma viral load decline of < 0.5 log10 from Baseline by Week 8 and/or plasma viral load decline of <1.0 log10 from Baseline by Week 12. Virologic failure (loss of response) was defined as 2 consecutive measurements of plasma viral load > 0.5 log10 above the nadir after a minimum of 12 weeks of treatment. The table below provides data for 41 viologic failures of which 30 had mutation data available. In the table below, only the 4 most frequently emerging mutations are presented (emerging in at least 3 patients).
  
  

The study design is a single arm treatment (all patients assigned to receive etravirine), open label (patients will know the identity of the treatments they are receiving) safety and antiviral activity of Etravirine (TMC125) in treatment-experienced, HIV infected children and adolescents 6 to 17 years of age. Etravirine is a new drug belonging to the NNRTI (a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) drug class that slows down the growth of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This drug has been tested for safety and effectiveness in adults, however, there is no data on the drug's long-term safety and antiviral activity in children and adolescents. This study will last for a maximum of 48 weeks. A total of 100 ptients will receive etravirine tablets based on body weight and an investigator selected optimized background regimen (OBR) of at least 2 antiretrovirals (ARVs), consisting of a boosted protease inhibitor (PI) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor(s) (NRTI[s]). Use of enfuvirtide is optional. Safety will be monitored throughout the study.