Nevirapine Study for the Prevention of Maternal-Infant HIV Transmission in Uganda

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00639938

Recruitment Status : Completed

First Posted : March 20, 2008

Last Update Posted : April 2, 2008

Sponsor:

Information provided by:

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The increase in pediatric HIV infection has a substantial impact on childhood mortality in the developing world. A number of recent studies suggest that as many as half or more of mother-to-child HIV transmissions in developing countries occur in late pregnancy or during labor and delivery. Interventions targeted during the perinatal period have shown to be effective and to have a significant impact in reducing transmission. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of nevirapine (NVP) plus immunoprophylaxis or extended NVP dosing regimens in HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants during the perinatal period.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
HIV Infections	Drug: Nevirapine Drug: HIV immune globulin solution	Phase 3

Detailed Description:

There is an urgent need to find safe, effective means of preventing mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV that can be used in developing countries. One of the greatest obstacles to prevention in these areas remains HIV transmission through breast milk. The primary purpose of this trial is to determine if nevirapine (NVP) plus immunoprophylaxis (by intravenous HIV immune globulin [HIVIGLOB]) or extended NVP dosing of the neonate during the perinatal period can safely and effectively reduce the risk of peripartum or early breastfeeding-related HIV MTCT.

This study will last 11-18 weeks for each mother and 18 months for each infant. HIV-infected pregnant women will be randomly assigned to one of three arms. Participants in Arm 1 will receive a single dose of 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 1 will receive a single dose of 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery. Arm 2 participants will receive a single dose of 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 2 will receive 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery and 5 mg NVP taken orally daily from Day 8 through Week 6. Arm 3 participants will receive a 12 gm intravenous dose of HIVIGLOB at 36-37 weeks gestation and 200 mg NVP orally at the onset of labor. Infants in Arm 3 will receive a single 1.2 gm intravenous dose HIVIGLOB within 18 hours of birth and 2 mg/kg NVP orally within the first week after delivery.

There will be five or six study visits for pregnant participants. A targeted medical history, physical examination, and blood collection will occur at all visits. After birth, there will be 11 study visits for infants in Arms 1 and 2 and 12 study visits for infants in Arm 3. Medical history and a targeted physical exam will occur at all visits. Blood collection will occur at some visits.

Study Design


Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment :	722 participants
Allocation:	Randomized
Intervention Model:	Parallel Assignment
Masking:	Double (Participant, Care Provider)
Primary Purpose:	Prevention
Official Title:	A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial of the Standard Two Dose Nevirapine (NVP) Regimen With the Addition of HIV Immune Globulin(HIVIGLOB) or Extended Infant NVP Dosing Compared With the Standard NVP Regimen Alone for the Prevention of Maternal-Infant HIV Transmission in Uganda
Study Start Date :	July 2004
Actual Primary Completion Date :	July 2007
Actual Study Completion Date :	July 2007

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: HIV/AIDS

Drug Information available for: Nevirapine Rhophylac

U.S. FDA Resources

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: 1 Mother dosing regimen: Single dose of 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor Infant dosing regimen: Single dose of 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery	Drug: Nevirapine 200 mg Nevirapine tablet Other Name: NVP Viramune
Experimental: 2 Mother dosing regimen: Single dose of 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor Infant dosing regimen: 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery and 5 mg NVP taken orally daily from Day 8 through Week 6	Drug: Nevirapine 200 mg Nevirapine tablet Other Name: NVP Viramune
Experimental: 3 Mother dosing regimen: Single 12 gm intravenous dose of HIVIGLOB at 36 - 37 weeks gestation and 200 mg NVP taken orally at onset of labor Infant dosing regimen: Single 1.2 gm intravenous dose HIVIGLOB within 18 hours of birth and 2 mg/kg NVP taken orally within the first week after delivery	Drug: Nevirapine 200 mg Nevirapine tablet Other Name: NVP Viramune Drug: HIV immune globulin solution 5% intravenous HIV immune globulin solution Other Name: HIVIGLOB

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

Rate of HIV infection in infants born to study participants in each arm of the study [ Time Frame: At Birth, Weeks 2, 6, and 14, and Months 6, 12, and 18 ]
Safety and tolerance of HIVIGLOB given to pregnant women at 36-37 weeks gestation and neonates at birth in combination with NVP and of NVP alone [ Time Frame: Throughout study ]

Secondary Outcome Measures :

Rate of immunologic progression in HIV-infected infants in each arm [ Time Frame: Throughout study ]
Infant mortality [ Time Frame: Throughout study ]
Maternal plasma HIV RNA levels at delivery [ Time Frame: At Birth ]
Immunologic, virologic, and pharmacologic factors [ Time Frame: Throughout study ]

Eligibility Criteria

Information from the National Library of Medicine

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Ages Eligible for Study:	18 Years and older (Adult, Senior)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Pregnant between 32-36 weeks estimated gestation
HIV Infected
Intent to breastfeed infant
Certain laboratory criteria. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.

Exclusion Criteria:

Sensitivity to immune globulin preparations or any benzodiazepine
Clinically significant disease, as determined by the investigator, that would compromise the ability of the participant to complete the study requirements
Currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (other than the intrapartum NVP or other peripartum regimens)
Participation in any HIV vaccine trials
History of cytotoxic chemotherapy within one month of study entry
Uncontrolled hypertension
Chronic alcohol or illicit drug use
History of non-compliance with visits or medication
Women who become pregnant again during study follow-up will not be eligible for re-enrollment in the trial

Contacts and Locations

Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00639938

Sponsors and Collaborators

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Investigators


Principal Investigator:	Brooks Jackson, MD	Johns Hopkins School of Medicine

More Information

Publications:

Colvin M, Chopra M, Doherty T, Jackson D, Levin J, Willumsen J, Goga A, Moodley P; Good Start Study Group. Operational effectiveness of single-dose nevirapine in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Bull World Health Organ. 2007 Jun;85(6):466-73.

Flys TS, Mwatha A, Guay LA, Nakabiito C, Donnell D, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Jackson JB, Eshleman SH. Detection of K103N in Ugandan women after repeated exposure to single dose nevirapine. AIDS. 2007 Oct 1;21(15):2077-82.

Jackson JB, Musoke P, Fleming T, Guay LA, Bagenda D, Allen M, Nakabiito C, Sherman J, Bakaki P, Owor M, Ducar C, Deseyve M, Mwatha A, Emel L, Duefield C, Mirochnick M, Fowler MG, Mofenson L, Miotti P, Gigliotti M, Bray D, Mmiro F. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 2003 Sep 13;362(9387):859-68.

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Onyango-Makumbi C, Omer SB, Mubiru M, Moulton LH, Nakabiito C, Musoke P, Mmiro F, Zwerski S, Wigzell H, Falksveden L, Wahren B, Antelman G, Fowler MG, Guay L, Jackson JB. Safety and efficacy of HIV hyperimmune globulin for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their infants in Kampala, Uganda (HIVIGLOB/NVP STUDY). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011 Dec 1;58(4):399-407. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31822f8914.

Six Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine (SWEN) Study Team, Bedri A, Gudetta B, Isehak A, Kumbi S, Lulseged S, Mengistu Y, Bhore AV, Bhosale R, Varadhrajan V, Gupte N, Sastry J, Suryavanshi N, Tripathy S, Mmiro F, Mubiru M, Onyango C, Taylor A, Musoke P, Nakabiito C, Abashawl A, Adamu R, Antelman G, Bollinger RC, Bright P, Chaudhary MA, Coberly J, Guay L, Fowler MG, Gupta A, Hassen E, Jackson JB, Moulton LH, Nayak U, Omer SB, Propper L, Ram M, Rexroad V, Ruff AJ, Shankar A, Zwerski S. Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: an analysis of three randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2008 Jul 26;372(9635):300-13. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61114-9.


Responsible Party:	Brooks Jackson, MD, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00639938 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	R01AI034235 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted:	March 20, 2008 Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted:	April 2, 2008
Last Verified:	March 2008

Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):


Pregnancy, High-Risk HIV Seronegativity

Additional relevant MeSH terms:


HIV Infections Lentivirus Infections Retroviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections Virus Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases Nevirapine Immunoglobulins Antibodies gamma-Globulins Immunoglobulins, Intravenous	Rho(D) Immune Globulin Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Anti-Retroviral Agents Antiviral Agents Anti-Infective Agents Anti-HIV Agents Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs

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