A Study in Korea of Entecavir Versus Lamivudine in Adults With Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

Virologic response=Hepatitis B virus DNA <300 copies/mL by polymerase chain reaction assay.

The number and percentage of participants achieving the following endpoints will be tabulated at each visit through Week 240 by treatment group: HBV DNA <300 copies/mL by PCR assay; HBV DNA <10^3, <10^4, or < 10^5 copies/mL by PCR assay. Treatment comparisons will be assessed using the same method as the primary endpoint.

Mean log10 reduction from Baseline in HBV DNA virus by the Roche Comprehensive Bio-Analytical System Amplicor polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay at Week 24. The extent of the decrease was estimated by comparing HBV DNA levels of all participants in each group with a linear regression model with covariates of treatment and baseline HBV DNA by PCR assay.

Mean ALT values from baseline by laboratory test. .

Normalization of serum ALT= ≤*institutional upper limit of normal.

AE=any new unfavorable symptom, sign, or disease or worsening of a preexisting condition that may not have a causal relationship with treatment. SAE=a medical event that at any dose results in death, persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or drug dependency/abuse; is life-threatening, an important medical event, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or requires or prolongs hospitalization. Most common AEs=AEs affecting ≥3 participants. Grade 3 (Severe)/Grade 4 (Very Severe)AEs per World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.Serious adverse events/deaths reported for enrolled patients regardless of treatment status.

ALT flares=ALT>2*Baseline and 10*upper limit of normal. Serious adverse events/deaths reported for enrolled patients regardless of treatment status.

ULN=upper limit of normal; ALT=alanine transaminase. WHO criteria: Grade 3=Severe (inability to carry out usual activity); Grade 4=Very severe (debilitating or significantly incapacitating patient despite symptomatic treatment).

Vital signs assessed included blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiration rate.

Virologic rebound was defined as a confirmed ≥1 log10 increase in hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA from nadir on blinded treatment (as determined by 2 sequential HBV DNA measurements or last on-treatment measurement).

Undetectable HBV DNA= <300 copies/mL by polymerase chain reaction assay

Virologic rebound was defined as a confirmed ≥1 log10 increase in HBV DNA from nadir on blinded treatment (as determined by 2 sequential HBV DNA values or last on-treatment measurement).

AE=any new unfavorable symptom, sign, or disease or worsening of a preexisting condition that may not have a causal relationship with treatment. SAE=a medical event that at any dose results in death, persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or drug dependency/abuse; is life-threatening, an important medical event, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or requires or prolongs hospitalization.

ULN=upper limit of normal; ALT=alanine transaminase. WHO criteria: Grade 3=Severe (inability to carry out usual activity); Grade 4=Very severe (debilitating or significantly incapacitating patient despite symptomatic treatment).