Increasing HAART-Induced Immune Restoration With Cyclosporine
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00031070 |
Recruitment Status
:
Completed
First Posted
: February 22, 2002
Last Update Posted
: March 9, 2015
|
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
HIV Infections | Drug: Abacavir sulfate, Lamivudine and Zidovudine Drug: Cyclosporine Biological: Hepatitis A Vaccine (Inactivated) Drug: Efavirenz Biological: Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, Heptavalent Biological: Rabies Vaccine | Phase 2 |
The availability of HAART has substantially decreased the morbidity and mortality caused by HIV-1 infection. There is clinical and laboratory evidence suggesting that treatment of HIV-1 infection not only arrests the progressive immune deterioration caused by HIV-1, but also is associated with at least partial immune reconstitution. After starting HAART, most patients with chronic HIV-1 infection experience an increase in CD4 T-cells, but the magnitude of CD4 lymphocyte rise is highly variable. Patients who do not experience a substantial rise in circulating CD4 lymphocytes remain at risk for opportunistic infections. Strategies to enhance immune restoration in HIV-1 disease are needed. Studies have shown that immune restoration after HAART in patients with chronic HIV-1 infection is incomplete. There are, however, several potential methods that can be used that possibly may enhance the magnitude of CD4 lymphocyte rise induced by HAART. It is proposed that the lymphoid tissues, in which lymphocytes are trapped and activated to die, are a major site of immunopathology and cellular losses in HIV-infection. Interference with lymphocyte trapping and death in lymphoid tissues when cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant, is administered at the time of initiation of HAART may result in an enhancement of the magnitude of cellular restoration in patients who initiate HAART.
Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms:
Arm A: Weeks 1 to 2: abacavir (ABC)/lamivudine (3TC)/zidovudine (ZDV). Weeks 3 to 48: ABC/3TC/ZDV and efavirenz (EFV).
Arm B: Weeks 1 to 2: ABC/3TC/ZDV and cyclosporine. Weeks 3 to 48: ABC/3TC/ZDV and EFV.
Patients in both arms receive the following immunizations: Weeks 8 and 12: Hepatitis A vaccine inactivated and rabies vaccine.
Week 16: Rabies vaccine. To ascertain whether the augmentation in the rise in CD4 lymphocytes is sustained, the number of circulating CD4 lymphocytes 48 weeks after starting therapy is compared. To examine the functional significance of the cellular increases, the ability of patients to respond to immunization with recall and neoantigens are compared between the cyclosporine plus HAART arm and the HAART alone arm.
Substudy A5139: A 2-week substudy designed to explore the mechanisms of first-phase cellular restoration is performed. Patients undergo 4 lymph node aspirates. Lymphocytes are analyzed by the use of flow cytometry and correlated with findings in the main study. There is no limit on patient enrollment. Patients register to the substudy immediately after randomizing to the main study.
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Enrollment : | 40 participants |
Allocation: | Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | Augmenting the Magnitude of HAART-Induced Immune Restoration With the Use of Cyclosporine |
Actual Study Completion Date : | December 2006 |


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Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Senior) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria
Patients may be eligible for this study if they:
- Are HIV infected.
- Have received no more than 7 days of any anti-HIV treatment prior to study entry and not within 3 weeks of study entry.
- Have a CD4 cell count greater than 100 cells/mm3 within 30 days prior to study entry.
- Have a viral load greater than 5000 copies/ml within 30 days prior to study entry.
- Agree not to become pregnant or to impregnate during the study. The female/male partners must use 2 acceptable methods of contraception while receiving drugs and for 6 weeks after stopping the study drugs. Women and men who cannot have children do not need to use contraception.
Exclusion Criteria
Patients may not be eligible for this study if they:
- Have an AIDS-related infection or abnormal tissue growth within 1 year of study entry.
- Are pregnant or breast-feeding.
- Weigh less than 88 lbs (40 kg).
- Have taken 3TC or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).
- Have continuously taken for longer than 3 days any of the following prohibited drugs within 14 days before study entry: angiotensin-converting inhibitors, antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antihistamines, antineoplastics, antifungals, anti-inflammatory drugs, benzodiazepines, calcium channel blockers, gastrointestinal agents, systemic glucocorticoids, immunosuppressives, immunomodulators, potassium-sparing diuretics, statins, allopurinol, amiodarone, bromocryptine, danazol, digoxin, methotrexate, metoclopramide, octreotide, ticlopidine, orlistat, pimozide, nefazodone, fluvoxamine, and ergot derivatives.
- Have taken St. John's wort, grapefruit, or grapefruit juice continuously for longer than 3 days within 14 days before study entry.
- Are allergic or sensitive to study HAART or cyclosporine.
- Abuse drugs or alcohol.
- Have autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppression.
- Have kidney disease or insufficiency.
- Have uncontrolled hypertension.
- Have migraines that require current continuous use of drugs.
- Have a seizure disorder that requires continuous use of anti-seizure drugs.
- Have an HLA B-57 haplotype (this gene has been associated with an increased chance for developing an allergic reaction to ABC).

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00031070
United States, California | |
University of California , Davis Medical Center | |
Sacramento, California, United States, 95814 | |
United States, Florida | |
University of Miami | |
Miami, Florida, United States, 33136-1013 | |
United States, Illinois | |
Rush Presbyterian - Saint Luke's Med Ctr / Infect Dis | |
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 606123832 | |
Rush Presbyterian - Saint Luke's Med Ctr | |
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612 | |
United States, Indiana | |
Indiana University Hospital | |
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202-5250 | |
United States, Maryland | |
University of Maryland, Institute of Human Virology | |
Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201 | |
United States, Minnesota | |
Univ of Minnesota | |
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455-0392 | |
United States, Missouri | |
Washington Univ (St. Louis) | |
St. Louis, Missouri, United States, 63108 | |
United States, North Carolina | |
Univ of North Carolina | |
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599-7215 | |
Univ of North Carolina / Infectious Disease Division | |
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599 | |
United States, Ohio | |
Case Western Reserve Univ | |
Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106 | |
MetroHealth Med Ctr | |
Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 441091998 | |
United States, Pennsylvania | |
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia | |
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104 | |
United States, Texas | |
Univ of Texas Southwestern Med Ctr | |
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390 | |
Univ of Texas, Southwestern Med Ctr of Dallas | |
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390 |
Study Chair: | Michael Lederman, M.D. | Case Western Reserve University |
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00031070 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
ACTG A5138 AACTG A5138 ACTG A5139s AACTG A5139s |
First Posted: | February 22, 2002 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | March 9, 2015 |
Last Verified: | August 2006 |
Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
Zidovudine CD4 Lymphocyte Count Lamivudine Cyclosporine Hepatitis A Vaccine |
Rabies Vaccine abacavir Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active efavirenz Treatment Naive |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
HIV Infections Lentivirus Infections Retroviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections Virus Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases Vaccines Cyclosporins Cyclosporine Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Lamivudine Zidovudine |
Efavirenz Abacavir Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Immunosuppressive Agents Antifungal Agents Anti-Infective Agents Dermatologic Agents Antirheumatic Agents Calcineurin Inhibitors Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Anti-Retroviral Agents |