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The Effect of Air Polishing on the Tooth Surface

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04853745
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : April 21, 2021
Last Update Posted : April 21, 2021
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Vecihe Merve Balta Uysal, Kocaeli University

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
The use of air-polishing device that operates by directing a fine slurry of pressurized air, water, and abrasive particles has become widespread in dentistry for polishing. The introduction of abrasive powders with different properties creates the need to evaluate the effects of these powders on dental hard tissues. This study was focused on the effect of sodium bicarbonate, glycine and erythritol air polishing on enamel and exposed root surface.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment
Dental Plaque Device: AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon

Detailed Description:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of sodium bicarbonate, glycine and erythritol air polishing on enamel and exposed root surface. Forty eight single root extracted teeth were included into the study. The teeth were divided into three groups, the crown and exposed root surface were air polished using three powders at instrumentation time of 5s, combinations of medium and maximum power and medium water settings, distance of 5mm and angulation of 60 degree. Samples were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at baseline and then after powder treatment and the defect depth, defect volume, demineralization depth and mineral density values were estimated.
Study Design
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Study Type : Observational
Actual Enrollment : 48 participants
Observational Model: Other
Time Perspective: Other
Official Title: Analyzing the Effect of Different Polishing Materials on Different Dental Tissues by Micro-Computed Tomography
Actual Study Start Date : July 24, 2019
Actual Primary Completion Date : July 27, 2020
Actual Study Completion Date : September 14, 2020
Groups and Cohorts
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Group/Cohort Intervention/treatment
sodium bicarbonate group
Sodium bicarbonate-based powder (CLASSIC®, EMS SA, Nyon, Switzerland) was used for air polishing the samples belonging to this group. All surfaces were numbered and application was made to the mesial and distal surfaces of the root, buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown to avoid repeated instrumentations. After device and samples were fixed, a metal plate with a 5 mm diameter hole was placed on the sample to limit the application area. Surfaces one and three were air-polished using the with a medium power setting (9 LED power setting), and surfaces two and four were air-polished using the with a maximum power setting (17 LED power setting). The distance between the handpiece and the tooth surface was kept constant at 5 mm, and the treatment angulation was adjusted to 60 degrees. In all applications, the application time was 5 seconds and the water setting was medium (6 LED). The powder chambers of the device were filled to the maximum level in each application.
 Device: AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon
AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon is intended for use in the cleaning and polishing of teeth by the projection of water,air, and dental powders onto the tooth surface. The device removes dental plaque, soft deposits, and surface stains from pits, grooves, interproximal spaces, or smooth surfaces of teeth. This air polishing device was used for all powder instrumentations.
glycine group
Glycine-based powder (PERIO®, EMS SA, Nyon, Switzerland) was used for air polishing the samples belonging to this group. All surfaces were numbered and application was made to the mesial and distal surfaces of the root, buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown to avoid repeated instrumentations. After device and samples were fixed, a metal plate with a 5 mm diameter hole was placed on the sample to limit the application area. Surfaces one and three were air-polished using the with a medium power setting (9 LED power setting), and surfaces two and four were air-polished using the with a maximum power setting (17 LED power setting). The distance between the handpiece and the tooth surface was kept constant at 5 mm, and the treatment angulation was adjusted to 60 degrees. In all applications, the application time was 5 seconds and the water setting was medium (6 LED). The powder chambers of the device were filled to the maximum level in each application.
 Device: AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon
AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon is intended for use in the cleaning and polishing of teeth by the projection of water,air, and dental powders onto the tooth surface. The device removes dental plaque, soft deposits, and surface stains from pits, grooves, interproximal spaces, or smooth surfaces of teeth. This air polishing device was used for all powder instrumentations.
erythritol group
Erythritol-based powder (PLUS®, EMS SA, Nyon, Switzerland) was used for air polishing the samples belonging to this group. All surfaces were numbered and application was made to the mesial and distal surfaces of the root, buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown to avoid repeated instrumentations. After device and samples were fixed, a metal plate with a 5 mm diameter hole was placed on the sample to limit the application area. Surfaces one and three were air-polished using the with a medium power setting (9 LED power setting), and surfaces two and four were air-polished using the with a maximum power setting (17 LED power setting). The distance between the handpiece and the tooth surface was kept constant at 5 mm, and the treatment angulation was adjusted to 60 degrees. In all applications, the application time was 5 seconds and the water setting was medium (6 LED). The powder chambers of the device were filled to the maximum level in each application.
 Device: AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon
AIR-FLOW® Master Piezon is intended for use in the cleaning and polishing of teeth by the projection of water,air, and dental powders onto the tooth surface. The device removes dental plaque, soft deposits, and surface stains from pits, grooves, interproximal spaces, or smooth surfaces of teeth. This air polishing device was used for all powder instrumentations.


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Defect depth [ Time Frame: 5 second ]
    The teeth were divided into three groups, the crown and exposed root surface were air polished using three powders at instrumentation time of 5s, combinations of medium and maximum power and medium water settings, distance of 5mm and angulation of 60 degree. Samples were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at baseline and then after powder treatment and the defect depth was estimated.

  2. Demineralization depth [ Time Frame: 5 second ]
    The teeth were divided into three groups, the crown and exposed root surface were air polished using three powders at instrumentation time of 5s, combinations of medium and maximum power and medium water settings, distance of 5mm and angulation of 60 degree. Samples were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at baseline and then after powder treatment and the demineralization depth was estimated.

  3. Mineral density [ Time Frame: 10 second ]
    The teeth were divided into three groups, the crown and exposed root surface were air polished using three powders at instrumentation time of 5s, combinations of medium and maximum power and medium water settings, distance of 5 mm and angulation of 60 degree. Samples were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at baseline and then after powder treatment and the mineral density was estimated.

  4. Defect volume [ Time Frame: 5 second ]
    The teeth were divided into three groups, the crown and exposed root surface were air polished using three powders at instrumentation time of 5s, combinations of medium and maximum power and medium water settings, distance of 5mm and angulation of 60 degree. Samples were scanned in a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at baseline and then after powder treatment and the defect volume was estimated.


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Sampling Method:   Non-Probability Sample
Study Population
The patients were recruited from individuals seeking periodontal and/or dental treatment at Kocaeli University, Faculty of Dentistry.
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being older than age of 18,
  • Willing to participate the study,
  • To have a single rooted tooth with gingival recession on all surfaces and need to be extracted,
  • The tooth has to be free of caries, defects and restorations.

Exclusion Criteria:

Have history of infectious diseases like Hepatitis and/or HIV (+).

Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04853745


Locations
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Turkey
Kocaeli University, Faculty of Dentistry
Kocaeli, Turkey
Sponsors and Collaborators
Kocaeli University
More Information
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Publications:

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Responsible Party: Vecihe Merve Balta Uysal, research assistant, Kocaeli University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04853745    
Other Study ID Numbers: KOU GOKAEK 2019/10.34
First Posted: April 21, 2021    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: April 21, 2021
Last Verified: April 2021
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: Undecided

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Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: Yes
Keywords provided by Vecihe Merve Balta Uysal, Kocaeli University:
glycine
erythritol
sodium bicarbonate
 x-ray microtomography
gingival recession
air abrasion
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Dental Plaque
Dental Deposits
Tooth Diseases
Stomatognathic Diseases