Relationship Between Constitutional Varus Knee and Patellofemoral Pain

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03450824
• Recruitment Status: Enrolling by invitation
• First Posted: March 1, 2018
• Last Update Posted: February 10, 2021
• Sponsor: 113th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army
• Collaborator: Air Force Military Medical University, China
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): 113th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This study aims to research on the relationship between constitutional varus knee and patellofemoral pain. The standardized standing whole-lower-extremity radiographs, the knee lateral view and skyline view of the participants will be taken. The hip-knee-ankle angle will be obtained from the radiographs. According to the hip-knee-ankle angle, the knees will be labelled knee varus or knee nonvarus. The knee varus incidences of the two groups will be determined and compared.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome	Other: No intervention

Detailed Description:

The patellofemoral joint will be assessed in the skyline view and lateral view. The hip-knee-ankle angle will be obtained from the standing whole-lower-extremity radiographs. According to the hip-knee-ankle angle, the knees will be labelled knee varus or knee nonvarus. The knee varus incidences of the two groups will be determined and compared. It is hypothesized that constitutional varus knee is a risk factor for patellofemoral pain.

Study Design

• Study Type: Observational
• Estimated Enrollment: 60 participants
• Observational Model: Case-Control
• Time Perspective: Retrospective
• Official Title: Research on the Relationship Between Constitutional Varus Knee and Patellofemoral Pain
• Actual Study Start Date: March 23, 2018
• Estimated Primary Completion Date: December 31, 2021
• Estimated Study Completion Date: March 31, 2022

Groups and Cohorts

Group/Cohort	Intervention/treatment
The study group; The participants with patellofemoral pain.	Other: No intervention; The standardized standing whole-lower-extremity radiographs, the knee lateral view and skyline view of the participants will be taken.
The control group; The participants without patellofemoral pain.	Other: No intervention; The standardized standing whole-lower-extremity radiographs, the knee lateral view and skyline view of the participants will be taken.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. The hip-knee-ankle angle [ Time Frame: 1 day ]
   The HKA angle was determined by measuring the angle between the mechanical axis of the femur and the mechanical axis of the tibia.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Patellar alignment [ Time Frame: 1 day ]
   The lateral displacement of the patella was defined as the proportion of the distance from the lateral edge of the patella to a line drawn perpendicular to a line passing along the most anterior margin of the medial and lateral trochlear facets, by the length of the maximum width of the patella. The tilting angle of the patella was defined as the angle formed by a line joining the maximum width of the patella and a line passing along the most anterior margin of the medial and lateral trochlear facets.
2. The width of of the patellofemoral joint space [ Time Frame: 1 day ]
   The width of the joint space at the mid-point of the medial and lateral patellofemoral joint is measured on the skyline view.
3. Trochlear morphology [ Time Frame: 1 day ]
   The sulcus angle was defined as the angle between the medial and lateral trochlear facets. The vertex of the angle was the deepest portion of the trochlea.
4. Patellar height [ Time Frame: 1 day ]
   The Insall-Salvati ratio is the ratio between the length of the patellar tendon and the superior-inferior length of the patella.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 Years to 35 Years (Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Military personnel. Running at least 10 km per week for at least 3 months.

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patellofemoral pain during physical activities such as running, jumping, squatting, and going up or down stairs for at least 4 weeks.
• The onset of pain is required to be atraumatic in nature.
• Exhibit two of the following clinical criteria on assessment: pain on direct compression of the patella against the femoral condyles with the knee in full extension, tenderness of the posterior surface of the patell on palpation, pain on resisted knee extension, and pain with isometric quadriceps muscle contraction against suprapatellar resistance with the knee in 15° of flexion.
• Negative findings in the examination of knee ligaments, menisci, bursae, synovial plicae, Hoffa's fat pad, iliotibial band, and the hamstring, quadriceps, and patellar tendons and their insertions.

Exclusion Criteria:

• With patellofemoral instability, or With other knee diagnoses.
• Any previous surgery or severe trauma in the affected limb.
• Inflammatory joint disease or tumors in the affected limb.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

China, Zhejiang

Orthopaedics clinic, No.113 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army

Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, 315040

Sponsors and Collaborators

113th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army

Air Force Military Medical University, China

Investigators

• Study Director: Qingsheng Zhu, MD; Department of orthopaedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China

More Information

• Responsible Party: 113th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03450824
• Other Study ID Numbers: 113YY-LUNLI-2018002
• First Posted: March 1, 2018
• Last Update Posted: February 10, 2021
• Last Verified: July 2020

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Keywords provided by 113th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army:

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; Anterior Knee Pain; Knee Varus

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases