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Healthfulness of Food From Grocery Stores Versus Eating Out Among People Receiving Food Benefits (SNAP) (SNAP)

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03372213
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : December 13, 2017
Last Update Posted : December 13, 2017
Sponsor:
Collaborators:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the dietary intake of SNAP participants and nonparticipants by food source, including grocery stores, sit-down restaurants, and fast food.

Condition or disease
Diet Habit

Detailed Description:
The study used 4,237 low-income adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2006 and 2011-2014). De-identified data was collected from demographic questionnaires and 24 hour dietary recalls. We assessed intake of calories, solid fats, added sugars, and servings of non-starchy vegetables, whole fruits, and whole grains, by food source in SNAP participants and income-eligible nonparticipants. Associations between SNAP participation and dietary intake were analyzed using multivariate linear regression controlling for relevant sociodemographic characteristics.
Study Design
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Study Type : Observational
Actual Enrollment : 4237 participants
Observational Model: Cohort
Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
Official Title: Dietary Quality by At-home and Away-from-home Food Sources in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Actual Study Start Date : January 1, 2003
Actual Primary Completion Date : December 31, 2014
Actual Study Completion Date : December 31, 2014
Groups and Cohorts
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Group/Cohort
2003-2004
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2005-2006
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2011-2012
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall
2013-2014
Adults 20-64 at or below 130% of the federal poverty level who completed one 24-hour dietary recall


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Caloric intake [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Number of calories consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.

  2. Solid fat [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Number of grams of solid fat and percent of intake from solid fat consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.

  3. Added sugar [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Number of grams of added sugar and percent of intake from added sugar consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.

  4. Non-starchy vegetables [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Cup-equivalent servings of non-starchy vegetables consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.

  5. Whole fruit [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Cup-equivalent servings of whole fruits consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.

  6. Whole grains [ Time Frame: 2003-2014 ]
    Ounce-equivalents of whole grains consumed by SNAP participants compared to nonparticipants in 2003-2006 and 2011-2014 by source of food (including grocery stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants and other sources). SNAP participants will be compared to income-eligible nonparticipants at income levels up to 200% of the federal poverty level.


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   20 Years to 64 Years   (Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Sampling Method:   Probability Sample
Study Population
4,237 low-income adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2006 and 2011-2014)
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults ages 20 - 64
  • At or below 200% of the federal poverty level
  • Completed at least one 24-hour dietary recall

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Younger than 20 years old or 65 years and older
  • Income above 200% the federal poverty level
  • No participation in dietary recall
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT03372213


Sponsors and Collaborators
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Barry Popkin, PhD University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
More Information
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Responsible Party: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03372213    
Other Study ID Numbers: 12-2163
R01DK098072 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
P2CHD050924 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: December 13, 2017    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: December 13, 2017
Last Verified: December 2017

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Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No