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Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Reproductive Hormones in Obese Women

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01894581
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : July 10, 2013
Results First Posted : July 13, 2016
Last Update Posted : February 2, 2017
Sponsor:
Collaborator:
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
University of Colorado, Denver

Study Description
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Brief Summary:

The United States has the highest prevalence of obesity among all countries surveyed in 2012 by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Maternal obesity is linked with anovulation, menstrual cycle abnormalities, subfertility, fetal loss, obstetrical complications and congenital anomalies. Changes in reproductive hormones and diminished oocyte quality have also been demonstrated. A gap of knowledge exists as the mechanisms underlying these harmful effects are poorly understood and no specific treatments exist.

This proposal will test the hypothesis that dietary omega-3 fatty acids (FA) will improve the output of hypothalamicpituitary- ovarian axis in obese women. The investigators will perform paired assessments before and after supplementation in 10 obese and 10 normal weight women. To test the pituitary and hypothalamic output, the investigators will examine the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) responsiveness during frequent blood sampling. To test the corpus luteum function, the investigators will examine urinary reproductive hormones (E1c, estrone conjugates, and pregnanediol glucuronide (Pdg)) over an entire menstrual cycle. The investigators ultimate goal is to collect preliminary data for an adequately powered randomized control trial.


Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Obesity Fertility Dietary Supplement: LOVAZA Drug: GnRH Not Applicable

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 39 participants
Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Official Title: Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Reproductive Hormones in Obese Women
Study Start Date : July 2014
Actual Primary Completion Date : December 2014
Actual Study Completion Date : December 2014

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: Hormones

Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Obese Women
Women with a BMI of greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 underwent all study interventions, including taking 5 g daily of LOVAZA. Women underwent 8 hours of frequent blood sampling every 10 minutes both at baseline and after LOVAZA supplementation. Each frequent blood sampling included IV administration of GnRH at 6 hours.
 Dietary Supplement: LOVAZA
Subjects will be instructed to take 2 grams twice daily of oral omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza) starting with day 1 to 3 of their menstrual period. Each capsule contains 60mg of other omega-3 FA. On day 1 of their subsequent menstrual period, subjects will be instructed to discontinue.
Other Name: Omega-3-acid ethyl esters

Drug: GnRH
An intravenous bolus of exogenous GnRH (75 ng/kg dosing based on total body weight) will be administered at 6 hours.
Other Name: Gonadorelin (GnRH)
Active Comparator: Normal Weight
Women with a BMI of between 18-25 kg/m2 underwent all study interventions, including taking 5 g daily of LOVAZA for one cycle. Women underwent 8 hours of frequent blood sampling every 10 minutes both at baseline and after LOVAZA supplementation. Each frequent blood sampling included IV administration of GnRH at 6 hours.
 Dietary Supplement: LOVAZA
Subjects will be instructed to take 2 grams twice daily of oral omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza) starting with day 1 to 3 of their menstrual period. Each capsule contains 60mg of other omega-3 FA. On day 1 of their subsequent menstrual period, subjects will be instructed to discontinue.
Other Name: Omega-3-acid ethyl esters

Drug: GnRH
An intravenous bolus of exogenous GnRH (75 ng/kg dosing based on total body weight) will be administered at 6 hours.
Other Name: Gonadorelin (GnRH)


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Change in the Average LH Pulse Amplitude [ Time Frame: 10 minute intervals during 8 hour blood sampling studies. Subjects will undergo two menstrual cycles of study, one prior to dietary supplementation and one after supplementation. ]
    To test the pituitary and hypothalamic output, we examined LH secretion (unstimulated and in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation) during 8-hour blood sampling studies at 10 min intervals. The primary outcome measure is the change in the average LH pulse amplitude for each patient from baseline to after supplementation.


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years to 42 Years   (Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-42 at study entry
  2. Regular menstrual cycles every 25-40 days
  3. BMI at least 30 kg/m2 (obese) or between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2 (normal)
  4. Good general health
  5. Prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) within normal laboratory ranges at screening, baseline hemoglobin >11 gm/dl.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (by ultrasound or hyperandrogenic symptoms)
  2. Fish or seafood allergy or hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reaction) to omega-3-acid ethyl esters or any component of the formulation
  3. Coagulopathy or receiving therapeutic anticoagulation (due to potential for interaction with omega-3 FA)
  4. History of chronic disease affecting hormone production, metabolism or clearance (including diabetes mellitus)
  5. Abnormal renal or liver function at screening
  6. Current use of thiazolidinediones or metformin (known to interact with reproductive hormones)
  7. Use of hormones affecting hypothalamic output (HPO) axis (such as hormonal contraceptives) within three months of entry
  8. Strenuous exercise (>4 hours of intense physical activity per week)
  9. Pregnancy
  10. Breast-feeding
  11. Current active attempts to conceive
  12. History of significant recent weight loss or gain
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01894581


Locations
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United States, Colorado
University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
Sponsors and Collaborators
University of Colorado, Denver
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Alex Polotsky, MD, MS University of Colorado, Denver
More Information
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Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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Responsible Party: University of Colorado, Denver
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01894581    
Other Study ID Numbers: 13-1420
U54HD058155-05 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
First Posted: July 10, 2013    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: July 13, 2016
Last Update Posted: February 2, 2017
Last Verified: December 2016
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Prolactin Release-Inhibiting Factors
Hormones
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
Physiological Effects of Drugs