A Personalized Reminder Information and Social Management System (PRISM)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01497613
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: December 22, 2011
• Results First Posted: January 29, 2018
• Last Update Posted: January 23, 2019
• Sponsor: University of Miami
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Sara J Czaja, University of Miami

Study Description

Brief Summary:

Although technology offers great potential for enhancing the health and well-being of older adults, robust studies are needed to quantify the value of technology and further the investigators understanding of barriers to technology access among older adults and of strategies that are effective in removing these barriers. This cross-site randomized field trial will evaluate a simple to use Personalized Reminder Information and Social Management System (PRISM) designed to support social connectivity, memory, skill building and resource access for older adults. The PRISM system (PRISM C condition) will be compared to an notebook information control condition (PRISM B condition). The target population is older adults who live at home alone and are at risk for isolation. The goal of the study is to gather systematic evidence about the value of technology for older adults and to identify factors that affect use and usability, acceptance and technology adoption. The investigators will also gather longitudinal data on the benefits of the system. Participants aged 65 - 85 years (100 per site) will be randomly assigned following baseline assessment to one of two conditions: PRISM C condition where participants receive the technology system or the PRISM B condition only control where participants receive a notebook that includes information similar to that provided in PRISM C (e.g., resource guide). The categories of information provided in the notebook is similar to the features provided on the system. Participants will include males and females who do not have a home computer and who have limited Internet experience. The intervention period is 12 months. A battery of measures that includes demographic information, attitudes towards technology (including computer self-efficacy and computer comfort), technology, computer and Internet experience, functional independence and well-being, emotional well-being social support/isolation, and quality of life will be administered at baseline, and 6 and 12 months post randomization. In addition, the investigators will assess cognitive abilities at baseline and twelve months. The investigators will also gather data regarding technology use and social interactions via a brief telephone interview at 18 months post randomization.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Social Isolation; Social Support (Formal and Informal); Well-being/Quality of Life	Behavioral: PRISM C: Computer Condition; Behavioral: PRISM B: Notebook Condition	Not Applicable

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 300 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single (Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Official Title: Personalized Reminder Information and Social Management System - PRISM
• Study Start Date: February 2011
• Actual Primary Completion Date: January 2014
• Actual Study Completion Date: May 2014

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: PRISM B: Notebook Condition; Telephone check-in calls and a notebook containing similar categories of information as the features on the PRISM C computer system such as a resource guide; games; classroom and information, calendar.	Behavioral: PRISM B: Notebook Condition; Telephone check-in calls and a notebook that contains information about community resources, games; topics of interests to seniors; a calendar and contact list.
Experimental: PRISM C: Computer Condition; A computer-based system designed to support socialization and access to resources; knowledge and prospective memory. The system is placed in the homes of those randomized to the condition for 12 months.	Behavioral: PRISM C: Computer Condition; A specialized computer system designed to support social connectivity and access to resources; knowledge and prospective memory

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in Social Isolation Measured by Friendship Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 6th month ]
   Measures the level of social isolation from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Lower score means less social isolation. Range (0-24) .
2. Change in Level of Social Support Measured by Social Support Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 6th month ]
   Measures the level of social support from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher score means more social support. Range (6-36).
3. Change Overall Well-being Measured by SF-36 Overall Well-being Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 6th month ]
   Use the SF-36 scale to measure the overall well-being from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher score indicates more peaceful, happy, and calm. Range (0-100)
4. Change in Social Isolation Measured by Friendship Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 12th month ]
   Measures the level of social isolation from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Lower score means less social isolation. Range (0-24) .
5. Change in Level of Social Support Measured by Social Support Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 12th month ]
   Measures the level of social support from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more social support. Range (6-36).
6. Change Overall Well-being Measured by SF-36 Overall Well-being Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 12th month ]
   Use the SF-36 to measure the overall well-being from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more peaceful, happy and calm. Range (0-100).

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in Computer Comfort Measured by Computer Attitude - Comfort Subscale . [ Time Frame: baseline and 6 months ]
   Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer comfort from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher score means more computer comfort. Range (5-25).
2. Changes in Technology Proficiency Measured by Technology Proficiency Scale [ Time Frame: baseline and 6 months ]
   Measures the level of technology proficiency from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher scores means more computer proficiency. Range (6-30)
3. Change in Technology Adoption Measured by Technology Acceptance Questionnaire [ Time Frame: baseline and 6 months ]
   Measure the level of technology adoption from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher score means more acceptance. Range (6-42)
4. Change in Computer Comfort Measured by Computer Attitude - Comfort Subscale . [ Time Frame: baseline and 12 months ]
   Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer comfort from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more computer comfort. Range (5-25)
5. Changes in Technology Proficiency Measured by Technology Proficiency Scale [ Time Frame: baseline and 12 months ]
   Measures the level of technology proficiency from baseline to 12th month follow-up. A higher score means more computer proficiency. Range (6-30)
6. Change in Technology Adoption Measured by Technology Acceptance Questionnaire [ Time Frame: baseline and 12 months ]
   Measures the level of technology adoption from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more acceptance. Range (6-42)
7. Change in Computer Interest Measured by Computer Attitude - Interest Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 6th month follow-up ]
   Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer interest from baseline to 6th month follow-up. Higher score means more interest towards computer. Range (5-25)
8. Change in Computer Interest Measured by Computer Attitude - Interest Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 12th month follow-up ]
   Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer interest from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more interest towards computer. Range (5-25)
9. Change in Computer Efficacy Measured by Computer Attitude - Efficacy Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 6th month follow-up ]
   Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer efficacy from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more efficacy towards computer. Range (5-25)
10. Change in Computer Efficacy Measured by Computer Attitude - Efficacy Subscale [ Time Frame: Baseline and 12th month follow-up ]
    Use the computer attitude scale to measure the level of computer efficacy from baseline to 12th month follow-up. Higher score means more efficacy towards computer. Range (5-25)

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 65 Years and older (Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• 65+ years
• Live alone in the community in an independent residence
• Minimum computer and Internet use in the past three months
• English speaking
• Able to read English at the 6th grade level
• Has a telephone
• 20/60 Vision with or without correction
• Not employed or volunteering more than 5 hrs/week
• Does not spend more than 10 hrs./week at a Senior Center or Formal organization
• Planning to remain in the area in same living arrangements for duration of intervention period

Exclusion Criteria:

• Blind or deaf
• Cognitively impaired (MMSE) < 26
• Fuld Object Memory Test < 20 or 19
• Terminal illness
• Severe motor impairment

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Florida

University of Miami

Miami, Florida, United States, 33136

Sponsors and Collaborators

University of Miami

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Sara J. Czaja, PhD; University of Miami

More Information

Publications of Results:

Czaja SJ, Boot WR, Charness N, Rogers WA, Sharit J. Improving Social Support for Older Adults Through Technology: Findings From the PRISM Randomized Controlled Trial. Gerontologist. 2018 May 8;58(3):467-477. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnw249.

Other Publications:

Boot WR, Charness N, Czaja SJ, Sharit J, Rogers WA, Fisk AD, Mitzner T, Lee CC, Nair S. Computer proficiency questionnaire: assessing low and high computer proficient seniors. Gerontologist. 2015 Jun;55(3):404-11. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt117. Epub 2013 Oct 9.

Czaja SJ, Boot WR, Charness N, A Rogers W, Sharit J, Fisk AD, Lee CC, Nair SN. The personalized reminder information and social management system (PRISM) trial: rationale, methods and baseline characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials. 2015 Jan;40:35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Nov 8.

Yoon JS, Charness N, Boot WR, Czaja SJ, Rogers WA. Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Memory Complaints in the PRISM Sample. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2019 Jan 10;74(2):254-263. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx070.

Mitzner TL, Rogers WA, Fisk AD, Boot WR, Charness N, Czaja SJ, Sharit J. Predicting Older Adults' Perceptions about a Computer System Designed for Seniors. Univers Access Inf Soc. 2016 Jun;15(2):271-280. doi: 10.1007/s10209-014-0383-y. Epub 2014 Sep 7.

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Mitzner TL, Savla J, Boot WR, Sharit J, Charness N, Czaja SJ, Rogers WA. Technology Adoption by Older Adults: Findings From the PRISM Trial. Gerontologist. 2019 Jan 9;59(1):34-44. doi: 10.1093/geront/gny113.

• Responsible Party: Sara J Czaja, Professor, University of Miami
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01497613
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20100482
• First Posted: December 22, 2011
• Results First Posted: January 29, 2018
• Last Update Posted: January 23, 2019
• Last Verified: January 2019

Keywords provided by Sara J Czaja, University of Miami:

Socialization; Well-being; Quality of Life; Connectivity