Sunitinib Malate in Treating Younger Patients With Recurrent, Refractory, or Progressive Malignant Glioma or Ependymoma
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The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details. |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01462695 |
Recruitment Status
:
Completed
First Posted
: October 31, 2011
Results First Posted
: March 23, 2015
Last Update Posted
: August 27, 2015
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
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Childhood Cerebellar Anaplastic Astrocytoma Childhood Cerebral Anaplastic Astrocytoma Childhood Cerebral Astrocytoma Childhood Infratentorial Ependymoma Childhood Mixed Glioma Childhood Oligodendroglioma Childhood Supratentorial Ependymoma Recurrent Childhood Cerebellar Astrocytoma Recurrent Childhood Cerebral Astrocytoma Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma Recurrent Childhood Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma | Other: Diagnostic Laboratory Biomarker Analysis Other: Pharmacological Study Drug: Sunitinib Malate | Phase 2 |
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate the objective response rate (partial response [PR] or complete response [CR] ≥ 8 weeks) to sunitinib in 2 strata (recurrent/progressive/refractory high-grade glioma vs ependymoma) of recurrent or progressive brain tumors in pediatric and young adult patients.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To explore and report descriptively the safety and tolerability of sunitinib in pediatric and young adult brain tumor patients who have not received prior anthracycline or radiotherapy involving the heart.
II. To describe the pharmacokinetic profile of pediatric and young adult patients taking sunitinib malate.
III. To describe the cumulative toxicities of sunitinib when administered over multiple courses to pediatric and young adult patients.
IV. To estimate progression-free survival (PFS) distributions for these cohorts of patients.
V. To evaluate changes in phosphorylation of PDGFR-α and -β, MEK/ERK, S6 kinase, and AKT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and explore possible associations between these changes and outcome measures.
VI. To evaluate plasma levels of soluble isoforms of VEGFR-1 and -2 prior to initiation of therapy and at points during therapy as an exploration of possible biomarkers of clinical response.
VII. To evaluate and report descriptively the expression and ratio of VEGF isoforms in tumor tissue, as available.
VIII. To evaluate and report descriptively the genotype, expression, and possible amplification of KIT and PDGFR-α and -β in tumor tissue, as available.
OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.
Patients receive sunitinib malate orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 42 days for up to 18 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Patients may undergo blood sample collection at baseline and during courses 1 and 2 for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. Tissue samples from diagnosis and surgical resection may be also collected.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for up to 5 years.
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 30 participants |
Allocation: | Non-Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Single Group Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | A Phase II Study of Sunitinib (NSC# 736511) in Recurrent, Refractory or Progressive High Grade Glioma and Ependymoma Tumors in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients |
Study Start Date : | January 2012 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | December 2013 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | March 2014 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Treatment (sunitinib)
Patients receive sunitinib malate orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 42 days for up to 18 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
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Other: Diagnostic Laboratory Biomarker Analysis
Correlative studies
Other: Pharmacological Study
Correlative studies
Drug: Sunitinib Malate
Given PO
Other Names:
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- Sustained Objective Response Rate [ Time Frame: Up to 5 years ]Sustained objective response was defined as a PR (Partial Response: ≥ 50% decrease in the sum of the products of the 2 perpendicular diameters of all target lesions (up to 5), taking as reference the initial baseline measurements) or CR (Complete Response: disappearance of all target lesions) lasting at least 8 weeks.

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Ages Eligible for Study: | 1 Year to 21 Years (Child, Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
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Patients must be diagnosed with ependymoma or high-grade glioma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade III/IV):
- Stratum A: recurrent/progressive/refractory malignant glioma (i.e., anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme [including giant cell and gliosarcoma types], anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, or anaplastic ganglioglioma) within the brain with or without spinal cord disease
- Stratum B: recurrent/progressive/refractory ependymoma (including ependymoma variants) within the brain with or without spinal cord disease
- Patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma are not eligible
- A histological diagnosis from either the initial presentation or at the time of recurrence is required
- Patients must have radiographically documented measurable disease in the brain, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least 2 planes
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To document the degree of residual tumor, the following must be obtained:
- All patients must have a brain MRI with and without gadolinium and a spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), if clinically indicated,with and without gadolinium, performed within 2 weeks prior to study enrollment
- Patients with evidence of new central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage of more than punctate size and/or more than 3 foci of punctate hemorrhage on baseline MRI obtained within 14 days prior to study enrollment are not eligible
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Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of 0, 1, or 2 (use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients ≤ 16 years of age)
- Neurological deficits in patients must have been relatively stable for a minimum of 1 week prior to study enrollment; patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score
- Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000/μL
- Platelet count ≥ 75,000/μL (transfusion independent, defined as not receiving platelet transfusions within the 7-day period prior to enrollment)
- Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL (may receive red blood cell [RBC] transfusions)
-
Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 70 mL/min OR serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
- 0.4 mg/dL (1 month to < 6 months of age)
- 0.5 mg/dL (6 months to < 1 year of age)
- 0.6 mg/dL (1 to < 2 years of age)
- 0.8 mg/dL (2 to < 6 years of age)
- 1.0 mg/dL (6 to < 10 years of age)
- 1.2 mg/dL (10 to < 13 years of age)
- 1.5 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (13 to < 16 years of age)
- 1.7 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (≥ 16 years of age)
- Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT/AST) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT/ALT) ≤ 2.5 times ULN
- Shortening fraction of ≥ 27% by echocardiogram OR ejection fraction of ≥ 50% by radionuclide angiogram
- Corrected QT interval < 450 msec (males) or < 470 msec (females)
- Prothrombin time (PT) / international normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times ULN
- Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) ≤ 1.5 times ULN
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Patients must not have a history of cardiac disease including, but not limited to:
-
Uncontrolled hypertension within 12 months prior to enrollment; uncontrolled hypertension is defined as follows:
- Patients aged ≤ 17 years: greater than 95th percentile systolic and diastolic blood pressure based on age and height which is not controlled by one anti-hypertensive medication
- Patients aged > 17 years: systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg which is not controlled by one anti-hypertensive medication
- Ongoing cardiac dysrhythmias ≥ grade 2 or atrial fibrillation of any grade
- Unstable angina, symptomatic congestive heart failure, or myocardial infarction
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Patients with a seizure disorder may be enrolled if on non-enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants and well controlled
- Commonly used non-enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants include: gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, tiagabine, topiramate, valproic acid, and zonisamide
- Patients must not have had a cerebrovascular accident or transient is chemic attack within 12 months prior to enrollment
- Patients must not have had a pulmonary embolism or other significant thromboembolic event within 12 months prior to enrollment
- Patients must not have had grade ≥ 3 hemorrhage within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
- Patients must not have had any of the following diagnoses within 6 months prior to enrollment: peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or diverticulitis
- Patients with a diagnosis of abdomen fistula, gastrointestinal (GI) perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months prior to enrollment are not eligible
- Patients who have an uncontrolled infection are not eligible
- Patients with hypothyroidism that has not been well-controlled by medications for at least 2 weeks prior to study entry are not eligible
- Patients who have a personal history of genetic and/or congenital cardiac abnormalities are not eligible
- Patients who have a history of allergic reactions to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition to sunitinib are not eligible
- Patients who have any other condition that could result in an inability to swallow capsules/sprinkles or absorb oral sunitinib administered through a gastric tube are not eligible
- Patients with body surface area < 0.55 m^2 or > 2.18 m^2 are not eligible
- Female patients who are pregnant are not eligible
- Lactating females are not eligible unless they have agreed not to breastfeed their infants
- Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless a negative pregnancy test result has been obtained within the past 4 weeks
- Sexually active patients of reproductive potential are not eligible unless they have agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
- No concurrent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), clopidogrel, warfarin, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, dipyridamole, or aspirin therapy > 81 mg/day
- Patients must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy (RT) prior to entering this study
- Must not have received myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks of entry onto this study (6 weeks if prior nitrosourea)
- At least 7 days since the completion of therapy with a biologic agent; for agents that have known adverse events occurring beyond 7 days after administration, this period must be extended beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur
- At least 3 half-lives must have elapsed since prior therapy that included a monoclonal antibody
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At least 24 weeks must have elapsed if prior full-field RT
- ≥ 2 weeks must have elapsed if prior local palliative RT (small port) or limited-field RT
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≥ 3 months must have elapsed since prior stem cell transplant (SCT) or rescue with total-body irradiation (TBI)
- No evidence of active graft-vs-host disease
- Patients who are receiving dexamethasone must be on a stable or decreasing dose for at least 7 days prior to enrollment
- Patients must not have received potent cytochrome P450-3A4 (CY3A4) inhibitors and/or inducers within 7 days prior to study enrollment and potent inducers within 12 days prior to study enrollment and during study
- At least 7 days must have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a hematopoietic growth factor
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Patients who have previously received sunitinib or who have received other VEGF-, PDGFR-, or KIT-targeted therapy are not eligible
- Patients who received bevacizumab as part of their prior therapy may enroll on study
- Patients must not have received more than 2 prior chemotherapy and/or RT regimens; for example, 1 initial treatment course of chemotherapy and/or RT (counts as 1 treatment course) and at relapse may have received 1 treatment course of chemotherapy and/or RT (counts as 1 treatment course)
- Patients who received prior therapy with known risk for cardiovascular complications (e.g., anthracycline therapy or prior RT that included the heart and/or craniospinal radiation) are not eligible
- Patients receiving ongoing treatment with therapeutic doses (i.e., therapeutic INR levels) of coumarin derivatives or oral anti-vitamin K agents are not eligible
- Patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease are not eligible
- Patients who are started on protocol therapy on a phase II study prior to study enrollment are considered ineligible
- No other concurrent chemotherapy, investigational agents, or immunomodulating agents
- No concurrent RT

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01462695

United States, Alabama | |
Children's Hospital of Alabama | |
Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35233 | |
University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Center | |
Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35233 | |
United States, Arkansas | |
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences | |
Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, 72205 | |
United States, California | |
Southern California Permanente Medical Group | |
Downey, California, United States, 90242 | |
Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long Beach | |
Long Beach, California, United States, 90806 | |
Children's Hospital Los Angeles | |
Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027 | |
Children's Hospital Central California | |
Madera, California, United States, 93636-8762 | |
Children's Hospital of Orange County | |
Orange, California, United States, 92868 | |
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University | |
Palo Alto, California, United States, 94304 | |
Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego | |
San Diego, California, United States, 92123 | |
UCSF Medical Center-Parnassus | |
San Francisco, California, United States, 94143 | |
United States, Connecticut | |
Connecticut Children's Medical Center | |
Hartford, Connecticut, United States, 06106 | |
United States, Delaware | |
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children | |
Wilmington, Delaware, United States, 19803 | |
United States, District of Columbia | |
Children's National Medical Center | |
Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010 | |
United States, Florida | |
Lee Memorial Health System | |
Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33901 | |
Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida | |
Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33908 | |
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville | |
Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32207 | |
Florida Hospital Orlando | |
Orlando, Florida, United States, 32803 | |
Nemours Children's Clinic - Orlando | |
Orlando, Florida, United States, 32806 | |
Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola | |
Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32504 | |
All Children's Hospital | |
Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States, 33701 | |
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa | |
Tampa, Florida, United States, 33607 | |
United States, Georgia | |
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Egleston | |
Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30322 | |
Memorial University Medical Center | |
Savannah, Georgia, United States, 31404 | |
United States, Illinois | |
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago | |
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611 | |
University of Illinois | |
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612 | |
Saint Jude Midwest Affiliate | |
Peoria, Illinois, United States, 61637 | |
United States, Indiana | |
Riley Hospital for Children | |
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202 | |
Saint Vincent Hospital and Health Services | |
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46260 | |
United States, Iowa | |
Blank Children's Hospital | |
Des Moines, Iowa, United States, 50309 | |
United States, Kentucky | |
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center | |
Lexington, Kentucky, United States, 40536 | |
Kosair Children's Hospital | |
Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202 | |
United States, Massachusetts | |
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | |
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115 | |
United States, Michigan | |
Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute | |
Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48201 | |
United States, Minnesota | |
Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis | |
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55404 | |
University of Minnesota Medical Center-Fairview | |
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455 | |
United States, Mississippi | |
University of Mississippi Medical Center | |
Jackson, Mississippi, United States, 39216 | |
United States, Missouri | |
The Childrens Mercy Hospital | |
Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64108 | |
Washington University School of Medicine | |
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110 | |
Mercy Hospital Saint Louis | |
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63141 | |
United States, New Hampshire | |
Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center | |
Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States, 03756 | |
United States, New Jersey | |
Hackensack University Medical Center | |
Hackensack, New Jersey, United States, 07601 | |
Morristown Medical Center | |
Morristown, New Jersey, United States, 07960 | |
Overlook Hospital | |
Summit, New Jersey, United States, 07902 | |
United States, New Mexico | |
University of New Mexico Cancer Center | |
Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States, 87106 | |
United States, New York | |
Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus | |
Bronx, New York, United States, 10467-2490 | |
Roswell Park Cancer Institute | |
Buffalo, New York, United States, 14263 | |
Laura and Issac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone | |
New York, New York, United States, 10016 | |
Columbia University Medical Center | |
New York, New York, United States, 10032 | |
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center | |
New York, New York, United States, 10065 | |
State University of New York Upstate Medical University | |
Syracuse, New York, United States, 13210 | |
United States, North Carolina | |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | |
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599 | |
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute | |
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28203 | |
Wake Forest University Health Sciences | |
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27157 | |
United States, Ohio | |
Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron | |
Akron, Ohio, United States, 44308 | |
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center | |
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45229 | |
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital | |
Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106 | |
Nationwide Children's Hospital | |
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43205 | |
Dayton Children's Hospital | |
Dayton, Ohio, United States, 45404 | |
The Toledo Hospital/Toledo Children's Hospital | |
Toledo, Ohio, United States, 43606 | |
United States, Oklahoma | |
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center | |
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73104 | |
United States, Oregon | |
Oregon Health and Science University | |
Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239 | |
United States, Pennsylvania | |
Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital | |
Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States, 17033 | |
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia | |
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104 | |
Children's Oncology Group | |
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104 | |
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC | |
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15224 | |
United States, South Carolina | |
BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center | |
Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29605 | |
Greenville Cancer Treatment Center | |
Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29605 | |
United States, South Dakota | |
Sanford USD Medical Center - Sioux Falls | |
Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, 57117-5134 | |
United States, Tennessee | |
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital | |
Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105 | |
United States, Texas | |
Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas | |
Austin, Texas, United States, 78723 | |
Driscoll Children's Hospital | |
Corpus Christi, Texas, United States, 78411 | |
Medical City Dallas Hospital | |
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75230 | |
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas | |
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390 | |
Cook Children's Medical Center | |
Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76104 | |
Baylor College of Medicine | |
Houston, Texas, United States, 77030 | |
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio | |
San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229 | |
United States, Utah | |
Primary Children's Hospital | |
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84113 | |
United States, Virginia | |
Naval Medical Center - Portsmouth | |
Portsmouth, Virginia, United States, 23708-2197 | |
Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center | |
Richmond, Virginia, United States, 23298 | |
United States, Washington | |
Seattle Children's Hospital | |
Seattle, Washington, United States, 98105 | |
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital | |
Spokane, Washington, United States, 99204 | |
Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center | |
Tacoma, Washington, United States, 98405 | |
United States, Wisconsin | |
Saint Vincent Hospital | |
Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, 54301 | |
University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics | |
Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53792 | |
Midwest Children's Cancer Center | |
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, 53226 | |
Australia, New South Wales | |
Sydney Children's Hospital | |
Randwick, New South Wales, Australia, 2031 | |
The Children's Hospital at Westmead | |
Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, 2145 | |
Australia, Queensland | |
Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital | |
Herston, Queensland, Australia, 4029 | |
Royal Children's Hospital-Brisbane | |
Herston, Queensland, Australia, 4029 | |
Australia, Western Australia | |
Princess Margaret Hospital for Children | |
Perth, Western Australia, Australia, 6008 | |
Canada, Nova Scotia | |
IWK Health Centre | |
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3K 6R8 | |
Canada, Ontario | |
McMaster Children's Hospital at Hamilton Health Sciences | |
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5 | |
Canada, Quebec | |
The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC | |
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3H 1P3 | |
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine | |
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5 | |
Canada | |
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec | |
Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2 |
Principal Investigator: | Cynthia Wetmore | Children's Oncology Group |
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Responsible Party: | National Cancer Institute (NCI) |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01462695 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
NCI-2011-03536 NCI-2011-03536 ( Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program) ) CDR0000712861 COG-ACNS1021 ACNS1021 ( Other Identifier: Children's Oncology Group ) ACNS1021 ( Other Identifier: CTEP ) U10CA098543 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) |
First Posted: | October 31, 2011 Key Record Dates |
Results First Posted: | March 23, 2015 |
Last Update Posted: | August 27, 2015 |
Last Verified: | June 2015 |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Glioma Astrocytoma Ependymoma Oligodendroglioma Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial Neuroectodermal Tumors Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms by Histologic Type Neoplasms |
Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue Sunitinib Antineoplastic Agents Angiogenesis Inhibitors Angiogenesis Modulating Agents Growth Substances Physiological Effects of Drugs Growth Inhibitors |