Effects of Rivastigmine Patch on Activities of Daily Living and Cognition in Patients With Severe Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (ACTION) (Study Protocol CENA713DUS44, NCT00948766) and a 24 Week Open-label Extension to Study CENA713DUS44 (ACTION)
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00948766 |
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Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : July 29, 2009
Results First Posted : February 11, 2013
Last Update Posted : August 28, 2013
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Sponsor:
Novartis
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Novartis
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Brief Summary:
The core study assessed the efficacy of a higher dose of rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h transdermally (15 cm^2 patch) compared to a lower dose of the rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h transdermally (5 cm^2 patch) in patients with Severe Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type in a 24-week study. The extension study obtained additional safety and efficacy data, as well as provided the higher dose rivastigmine patch to all patients who completed the core study for an additional 24 weeks.
| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's Disease | Drug: Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm^2) Drug: Rivastigmine 9.5 mg/24 h (10 cm^2) Drug: Rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h (15 cm^2) Drug: Placebo | Phase 4 |
| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Actual Enrollment : | 716 participants |
| Allocation: | Randomized |
| Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
| Masking: | Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor) |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | A 24 Week, Prospective, Randomized, Parallel-group, Double-blind, Multi-center Study (ENA713DUS44) Comparing the Effects of Rivastigmine Patch 15 cm^2 vs. Rivastigmine Patch 5 cm^2 on ACTivities of Daily Living and CognitION in Patients With Severe Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (ACTION) and a 24-week Open-label Extension to Study ENA713DUS44 |
| Study Start Date : | July 2009 |
| Actual Primary Completion Date : | January 2012 |
| Actual Study Completion Date : | June 2012 |
Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine
MedlinePlus Genetics related topics:
Alzheimer disease
| Arm | Intervention/treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h transdermal patch
In the core study, patients were titrated to the rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h dose in 2 steps. For Weeks 1-4, patients received rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h. For Weeks 5-8, patients received rivastigmine 9.5 mg/24 h and placebo. For Weeks 9-24, patients received rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h and placebo. In the extension study, all patients were switched to rivastigmine 9.5 mg/24 h for a 4-week titration period and were then titrated up to 13.3 mg/24 h for a further 20 weeks of treatment.
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Drug: Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm^2)
Rivastigmine was supplied in a 5 cm^2 patch which released 4.6 mg/24 h. Patches were changed daily.
Other Names:
Drug: Rivastigmine 9.5 mg/24 h (10 cm^2) Rivastigmine was supplied in a 10 cm^2 patch which released 9.5 mg/24 h. Patches were changed daily.
Other Names:
Drug: Rivastigmine 13.3 mg/24 h (15 cm^2) Rivastigmine was supplied in a 15 cm^2 patch which released 13.3 mg/24 h. Patches were changed daily.
Other Names:
Drug: Placebo Placebo patches were identical in size and composition to the corresponding rivastigmine patches, except that they did not contain rivastigmine. Patches were changed daily. |
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Active Comparator: Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h transdermal patch
In the core study, patients received rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h daily. For Weeks 1-4, patients received rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h. For Weeks 5-24, patients received rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h and placebo. No patients received this treatment in the extension study.
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Drug: Rivastigmine 4.6 mg/24 h (5 cm^2)
Rivastigmine was supplied in a 5 cm^2 patch which released 4.6 mg/24 h. Patches were changed daily.
Other Names:
Drug: Placebo Placebo patches were identical in size and composition to the corresponding rivastigmine patches, except that they did not contain rivastigmine. Patches were changed daily. |
Primary Outcome Measures :
- Core Study: Change From Baseline in the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living-Severe Impairment Version (ADCS-ADL-SIV) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the core study ]The ADCS-ADL-SIV is designed to assess the patient's performance of both basic and instrumental activities of daily living such as those necessary for personal care, communicating and interacting with other people, maintaining a household, conducting hobbies and interests, and making judgments and decisions. For each of the 19 questions in the ADCS-ADL-SIV, there was either a forced choice of best response or a "yes" or "no" question with additional sub-questions. Responses for each item were obtained from the caregiver through an interview. Higher numbered scores and answers of "yes" reflected a more self-sufficient individual. The total score was calculated as the sum of all items and sub-questions and ranged from 0 to 54. A higher total score represented a higher functioning patient. A positive change score indicates improvement.
- Core Study: Change From Baseline in the Severity Impairment Battery (SIB) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the core study ]The SIB is a 40-item scale developed for the evaluation of the severity of cognitive dysfunction in more advanced Alzheimer Disease patients. The domains assessed included social interaction, memory, language, attention, orientation, praxis, visuo-spatial ability, construction, and orienting to name. The items of the SIB were developed as simple 1-step commands which are presented by a trained rater with gestural cues and repeated if necessary. The SIB was scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of cognitive ability. A positive change score indicates improvement.
Secondary Outcome Measures :
- Core Study: Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the core study ]The ADCS-CGIC assesses the clinical meaningfulness of a treatment based on the clinician's rating of change. The rating is provided by a trained clinician or psychometrician blinded to the patient's treatment. The rater interviewed the patient and caregiver separately at Baseline using a worksheet that provided space for notes and comments. At baseline, raters had access to all of the patient's available records and evaluations. The rater used a similar worksheet at follow-up visits, and referred to the baseline worksheet prior to making a rating of change. The worksheets were divided into 3 domains: mental/cognitive state, behavior, and functioning. Change ratings were based on a 7-point scale: Marked (1), moderate (2), and minimal improvement (3), no change (4), and marked (5), moderate (6), and minimal worsening (7). The percentage of patients in each of the 7 categories is reported.
- Core Study: Change From Baseline in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-12) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the core study ]The NPI-12 assesses a wide range of behaviors encountered in patients with dementia to provide a means of distinguishing the frequency and severity of behavioral changes over time. Ten behavioral and 2 neurovegetative domains were evaluated in an interview with the caregiver given by a mental health professional. The scale included both frequency and severity ratings of each domain as well as a composite domain score (frequency x severity). The sum of the composite scores for the 12 domains yielded the NPI-12 total score. The NPI-12 was scored from 0 to 144, with lower scores reflecting improvement in psychiatric behavior. A negative change score indicates improvement.
- Extension Study: Change From Baseline in the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living-Severe Impairment Version (ADCS-ADL-SIV) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the extension study ]The ADCS-ADL-SIV is designed to assess the patient's performance of both basic and instrumental activities of daily living such as those necessary for personal care, communicating and interacting with other people, maintaining a household, conducting hobbies and interests, and making judgments and decisions. For each of the 19 questions in the ADCS-ADL-SIV, there was either a forced choice of best response or a "yes" or "no" question with additional sub-questions. Responses for each item were obtained from the caregiver through an interview. Higher numbered scores and answers of "yes" reflected a more self-sufficient individual. The total score was calculated as the sum of all items and sub-questions and ranged from 0 to 54. A higher total score represented a higher functioning patient. A positive change score indicates improvement.
- Extension Study: Change From Baseline in the Severity Impairment Battery (SIB) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the extension study ]The SIB is a 40-item scale developed for the evaluation of the severity of cognitive dysfunction in more advanced Alzheimer Disease patients. The domains assessed included social interaction, memory, language, attention, orientation, praxis, visuo-spatial ability, construction, and orienting to name. The items of the SIB were developed as simple 1-step commands which are presented by a trained rater with gestural cues and repeated if necessary. The SIB was scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of cognitive ability. A positive change score indicates improvement.
- Extension Study: Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC) Score at Week 24 [ Time Frame: Baseline of the core study to Week 24 of the extension study ]The ADCS-CGIC assesses the clinical meaningfulness of a treatment based on the clinician's rating of change. The rating is provided by a trained clinician or psychometrician blinded to the patient's treatment. The rater interviewed the patient and caregiver separately at Baseline using a worksheet that provided space for notes and comments. At baseline, raters had access to all of the patient's available records and evaluations. The rater used a similar worksheet at follow-up visits, and referred to the baseline worksheet prior to making a rating of change. The worksheets were divided into 3 domains: mental/cognitive state, behavior, and functioning. Change ratings were based on a 7-point scale: Marked (1), moderate (2), and minimal improvement (3), no change (4), and marked (5), moderate (6), and minimal worsening (7). The percentage of patients in each of the 7 categories is reported.
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| Ages Eligible for Study: | 50 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Criteria
Core study
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS/ADRDA) criteria.
- A Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of ≥ 3 and ≤ 12.
- Be able to complete at least 1 item on the Severe Impairment Battery (SIB).
- Residing with someone in the community or in regular contact with the primary caregiver.
- Be ambulatory or ambulatory with aid.
Exclusion Criteria:
- An advanced, severe, progressive, or unstable disease of any type that may interfere with efficacy and safety assessments or put the patient at special risk.
- Patients currently residing in a nursing home.
- Any current medical or neurological condition other than AD that could explain the patient's dementia.
- A current diagnosis of probable or possible vascular dementia.
- A current diagnosis of severe or unstable cardiovascular disease.
- A current diagnosis of bradycardia (< 50 beats per minute [bpm]), sick-sinus syndrome, or conduction defects.
- Clinically significant urinary obstruction.
- History of malignancy of any organ system within the past 5 years unless patient is verified to be in stable condition with no active metastasis.
- Current diagnosis of an active skin lesion/disorder that would prevent the patient from using a transdermal patch every day.
- A known exaggerated pharmacological sensitivity or hypersensitivity to drugs similar to rivastigmine, or to other cholinergic compounds.
- Taken any of the following substances (at the time of the Baseline Visit [Visit 2]).
- Succinylcholine-type muscle relaxants during the previous 2 weeks.
- Lithium during the previous 2 weeks.
- An investigational drug during the previous 4 weeks.
- A drug or treatment known to cause major organ system toxicity during the previous 4 weeks.
- Rivastigmine (oral or transdermal patch), donepezil, galantamine, other cholinesterase inhibitors (eg, tacrine, physostigmine, or pyridostigmine), or other approved treatments for Alzheimer's disease during the previous 2 weeks, with exception of stable treatment with memantine for at least 3 months before study entry (Visit 1).
- Centrally acting anticholinergic drugs including tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants during the previous 4 weeks.
- Selegiline unless taken at a stable dose during the previous 4 weeks.
- Peripheral anticholinergics not taken at a stable dose during the previous 4 weeks.
Extension study
Inclusion Criteria:
- Complete the double-blind phase (Week 24) of the core study.
- Provide, if mentally competent, a separate written informed consent prior to participation in the extension study. In addition, the patient's caregiver, will provide written informed consent prior to the patient's participation in the open-label extension study. If the patient is not able to provide written informed consent, written informed consent must be obtained from the legally authorized representative on the patient's behalf.
- Continue to reside with someone in the community or in regular contact with the primary caregiver; patients who reside in an assisted living facility are eligible to participate.
- Continue to have a primary caregiver willing to accept responsibility for supervising treatment (eg, application and removal of the patch daily at approximately the same time of day), assessing the condition of the patient throughout the extension study.
- Must be medically stable and tolerating the current dose of rivastigmine patch as determined by the investigator.
Exclusion Criteria:
Refer to the core study protocol for full details of the exclusion criteria.
- Patients who discontinued the core study due to any reason are excluded.
- No additional exclusions may be applied by the investigator, in order to ensure that the study population will be representative of all eligible patients.
Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to the study.
Information from the National Library of Medicine
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00948766
Locations
Show 95 study locations
Sponsors and Collaborators
Novartis
Investigators
| Study Director: | Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Novartis Pharmaceuticals |
Additional Information:
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
| Responsible Party: | Novartis |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00948766 |
| Obsolete Identifiers: | NCT01054755 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
CENA713DUS44 |
| First Posted: | July 29, 2009 Key Record Dates |
| Results First Posted: | February 11, 2013 |
| Last Update Posted: | August 28, 2013 |
| Last Verified: | August 2013 |
Keywords provided by Novartis:
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Alzheimer's disease dementia Alzheimer's type |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Alzheimer Disease Dementia Brain Diseases Central Nervous System Diseases Nervous System Diseases Tauopathies Neurodegenerative Diseases Neurocognitive Disorders Mental Disorders |
Rivastigmine Cholinesterase Inhibitors Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Cholinergic Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs Neuroprotective Agents Protective Agents |