Testing the Combination of Belinostat and SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) or ASTX727 for the Treatment of Unresectable and Metastatic Conventional Chondrosarcoma

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04340843
• Recruitment Status: Suspended
• First Posted: April 10, 2020
• Last Update Posted: June 8, 2022
• Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Tracking Information

• First Submitted Date: April 9, 2020
• First Posted Date: April 10, 2020
• Last Update Posted Date: June 8, 2022
• Actual Study Start Date: July 6, 2020
• Estimated Primary Completion Date: January 1, 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
• Current Primary Outcome Measures (submitted: April 9, 2020): Objective response rate [ Time Frame: Within 6 months after initiating study treatment ]
• Original Primary Outcome Measures: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome Measures (submitted: August 20, 2021)

• Presence of treatment related adverse events (AEs) [ Time Frame: Up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Adverse events will be recorded at each clinical visit and will be categorized according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The attribution of AEs to each of the study drugs will also be recorded. Adverse event rates that are possibly, probably, or definitely related to treatment will be reported as counts and percentages per AE by grade and the number of patients with a given maximal grade of toxicity. Will be reported separately for the population of patients receiving belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) and the population of patients receiving belinostat and ASTX727.
• Occurrence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) [ Time Frame: During the first cycle (28 days) ]
  DLTs are defined as the following toxicities which are attributed to the study drug(s) and not to disease, and which occur (or first become evident) during a prespecified timeframe. Will also report the frequency and percentage of DLTs. Will be reported separately for the population of patients receiving belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) and the population of patients receiving belinostat and ASTX727.
• Progression free survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: Time from first treatment with the study drug to the earliest of either disease progression or death from any cause, assessed up to 24 months ]
  The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to evaluate time to event endpoints. Median PFS will be reported with a 95% confidence interval. Data will be presented as Kaplan Meier plots. Will be reported separately for the population of patients receiving belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) and the population of patients receiving belinostat and ASTX727.

Original Secondary Outcome Measures (submitted: April 9, 2020)

• Presence of treatment related adverse events (AEs) [ Time Frame: Up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Adverse events will be recorded at each clinical visit and will be categorized according to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The attribution of AEs to each of the study drugs will also be recorded. Adverse event rates that are possibly, probably, or definitely related to treatment will be reported as counts and percentages per AE by grade and the number of patients with a given maximal grade of toxicity.
• Occurrence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) [ Time Frame: During the first cycle (28 days) ]
  DLTs are defined as those are attributed to the study drugs and not to disease, and which occur (or first become evident) during the first cycle (28 days) of treatment. Will also report the frequency and percentage of DLTs.
• Progression free survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: Time from first treatment with the study drug to the earliest of either disease progression or death from any cause, assessed up to 24 months ]
  The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to evaluate time to event endpoints. Median PFS will be reported with a 95% confidence interval. Data will be presented as Kaplan Meier plots.

Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures (submitted: December 10, 2020)

• IDH1/2 mutational status [ Time Frame: Up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Will compare the difference in the objective response rate among patients with IDH1/2 mutations as compared those without IDH1/2 mutations using Fisher's exact test.
• Changes in expression of conventional chondrosarcoma genes [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Data from ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNAseq) will be analyzed. Differential expression profiles between baseline and on-treatment samples will be analyzed at the gene level and gene expression changes defined as significant based on absolute log2 fold changes > 2 and adjusted p values < 0.005 for each comparison with consideration of the false discovery rate.
• Changes in global deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  A Wilcoxon signed-rank test with continuity correction will be used to calculate P values for comparing methylation level distribution at the different time points.
• Changes in tumor microenvironment [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  For quantitative immune multiplexing, data is derived from inForm software, and changes in defined immune cell subsets and expression between baseline and on-treatment samples will be assessed using paired T-tests.

Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures (submitted: April 9, 2020)

• IDH1/2 mutational status [ Time Frame: Up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Will compare the difference in the objective response rate among patients with IDH1/2 mutations as compared those without IDH1/2 mutations using Fisher's exact test.
• Changes in expression of conventional chondrosarcoma genes [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  Data from ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNAseq) will be analyzed in collaboration with the MoCha lab, differential expression profiles between baseline and on-treatment samples will be analyzed at the gene level and gene expression changes defined as significant based on absolute log2 fold changes > 2 and adjusted p values < 0.005 for each comparison with consideration of the false discovery rate.
• Changes in T-cell receptor repertoire [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  T-cell receptor sequencing will be performed using the immunoSEQ platform from Adaptive Biotechnologies. Changes in T-cell receptor clonality will be analyzed in an exploratory fashion using a non-parametric two-sided Mann-Whitney test.
• Changes in global deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  A Wilcoxon signed-rank test with continuity correction will be used to calculate P values for comparing methylation level distribution at the different time points.
• Changes in tumor microenvironment [ Time Frame: Baseline up to 24 months post treatment ]
  For quantitative immune multiplexing, data is derived from inForm software, and changes in defined immune cell subsets and expression between baseline and on-treatment samples will be assessed using paired T-tests.

Descriptive Information

• Brief Title: Testing the Combination of Belinostat and SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) or ASTX727 for the Treatment of Unresectable and Metastatic Conventional Chondrosarcoma
• Official Title: A Phase 2 Study of Belinostat and SGI-110 (Guadecitabine) or ASTX727 for the Treatment of Unresectable and Metastatic Conventional Chondrosarcoma
• Brief Summary: This phase II trial studies the effect of belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) or ASTX727 in treating patients with conventional chondrosarcoma that cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable) and has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). Belinostat may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Chemotherapy drugs, such as guadecitabine and ASTX727, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving belinostat in combination with guadecitabine or ASTX727 may lower the chance of unresectable and metastatic chondrosarcoma growing or spreading.

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To conduct a phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate whether combination treatment with belinostat and decitabine and cedazuridine (ASTX727) shows preliminary evidence of clinical activity in unresectable or metastatic conventional chondrosarcoma (CS) using an objective response rate endpoint.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the toxicity profile associated with the belinostat and ASTX727. II. To evaluate the progression free survival (PFS) associated with the belinostat and ASTX727.

III. To evaluate the toxicity profile, objective response rate and progression free survival among the initial six patients treated with belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) prior to Amendment 5 in which ASTX727 was substituted for SGI-110 (guadecitabine).

CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the IDH1/2 mutational status of subject's tumors and to evaluate for a relationship between presence of IDH1/2 mutation and clinical benefit from study treatment.

II. To conduct ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNAseq) analysis using baseline and on-treatment tissue biopsies to study the effects of study treatment on CS gene expression patterns and identify candidate genes which may underlie treatment efficacy.

III. To evaluate for changes in global deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation levels using baseline and on-treatment biopsies and correlate changes in global methylation with clinical benefit from study treatment.

IV. To use multiplex immunohistochemistry to interrogate the immune microenvironment in baseline and on-treatment tissue biopsies to define changes in infiltrating immune cell subsets and PD-L1/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression by immune and tumor cells associated with study treatment.

OUTLINE:

Patients receive guadecitabine subcutaneously (SC) or ASTX727 orally (PO) on days 1-5. Patients also receive belinostat intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes on days 1-5. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo a tumor biopsy at baseline (within 21 days of the first cycle) and during cycle 2 (on day 3, 4, or 5). In addition, patients undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans every 2 cycles (8 weeks) while receiving guadecitabine or ASTX727 and belinostat.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 24 months.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Study Phase: Phase 2
• Study Design: Allocation: N/A; Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment; Masking: None (Open Label); Primary Purpose: Treatment

Condition

• Locally Advanced Unresectable Primary Central Chondrosarcoma
• Metastatic Primary Central Chondrosarcoma
• Unresectable Primary Central Chondrosarcoma

Intervention

• Drug: Belinostat
  Given IV
• Procedure: Biopsy
  Undergo biopsy
• Procedure: Computed Tomography
  Undergo CT
• Drug: Decitabine and Cedazuridine
  Given PO
• Drug: Guadecitabine
  Given SC
• Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  Undergo MRI

Study Arms

Experimental: Treatment (belinostat, guadecitabine, ASTX727)

Patients receive guadecitabine SC or ASTX727 PO on days 1-5. Patients also receive belinostat IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo a tumor biopsy at baseline (within 21 days of the first cycle) and during cycle 2 (on day 3, 4, or 5). In addition, patients undergo MRI or CT scans every 2 cycles (8 weeks) while receiving guadecitabine or ASTX727 and belinostat.

Interventions:

• Drug: Belinostat
• Procedure: Biopsy
• Procedure: Computed Tomography
• Drug: Decitabine and Cedazuridine
• Drug: Guadecitabine
• Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

• Publications *: Sheikh TN, Chen X, Xu X, McGuire JT, Ingham M, Lu C, Schwartz GK. Growth Inhibition and Induction of Innate Immune Signaling of Chondrosarcomas with Epigenetic Inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther. 2021 Dec;20(12):2362-2371. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-21-0066. Epub 2021 Sep 22.

Recruitment Information

• Recruitment Status: Suspended
• Estimated Enrollment (submitted: August 20, 2021): 32
• Original Estimated Enrollment (submitted: April 9, 2020): 26
• Estimated Study Completion Date: January 1, 2023
• Estimated Primary Completion Date: January 1, 2023 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have biopsy-proven conventional chondrosarcoma (CS) which is:

  • Either metastatic or locally advanced and unresectable, and
  • Measurable at study entry according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 criteria, and
  • Amenable to biopsy with imaging guidance at no or acceptable risk to the patient as defined by institutional guidelines for research-related biopsies or the treating investigator's assessment

  • In addition, the following criteria must be met:

    • Patients must have at least one lesion measurable by RECIST version 1.1 criteria which has not been previously irradiated
    • Patients who have histologic evidence of grade 1 chondrosarcoma only must either be symptomatic from their disease in the opinion of the treating investigator or demonstrate radiographic evidence of disease progression in the 3 months prior to initiation of study treatment
  • Note: Pathology review and confirmation of diagnosis will occur at the site enrolling the patient on this study
• Patients may have been treated with any number of prior systemic therapies. Because there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments for this disease, patients who have received no prior systemic therapy are also eligible. However, disease must be deemed surgically unresectable
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2 (Karnofsky >= 60%)
• Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,000/mm^3
• Hemoglobin 8 g/dL
• Platelet count >= 75,000/mm^3
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2 x institutional ULN
• Creatinine =< 1.5 x institutional ULN OR glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 45 mL/min/1.73 m^2
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
• For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated
• Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load
• Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if follow-up brain imaging after central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy shows no evidence of progression, if patients have been clinically asymptomatic, and if patients have not received systemic corticosteroids for at least 28 days. Patients with brain metastases not meeting these criteria are not eligible

• Patients must be disease-free of prior invasive malignancies for > 5 years, with the exception of curatively-treated basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix.

  • NOTE: If there is a history of prior malignancy, patients must not be receiving other specific treatment for that cancer
• Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better
• The effects of belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) or ASTX727 on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason, and because the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine, the active metabolite of SGI-110 (guadecitabine) and a component of ASTX727, is known to be teratogenic, and because belinostat may cause teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal lethality by virtue of targeting actively dividing cells, women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation and for at least 6 months after the last dose of study drugs. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately. Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and 3 months after completion of belinostat and SGI-110 (guadecitabine) or ASTX727 administration
• Patients must be able to understand and willing to sign a written informed consent document. Participants with impaired decision-making capacity (IDMC) who have a legally-authorized representative (LAR) and/or family member available will also be eligible

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with dedifferentiated, mesenchymal, or clear cell chondrosarcoma are not eligible

• Patients who have not recovered from adverse events (AEs) (i.e., have residual toxicities > grade 1) due to prior anti-cancer therapy are not allowed, with the exceptions of alopecia and endocrinopathies from prior immunotherapy-based treatments that are well-controlled with hormone replacement. In addition, the following time periods must elapse between the last dose of prior anti-cancer treatment and initiation of study treatment on this protocol:

  • Cytotoxic chemotherapy or biologic, including immunotherapy: 28 days
  • Small molecule targeted drug: 21 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is shorter. If 5 half-lives is shorter than 21 days, then 21 days applies.
  • Radiation: 28 days, except for palliative radiation, for which 14 days applies
• Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents
• Patients with known history of allergic reactions or sensitivity attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to SGI-110 (guadecitabine), its active metabolite decitabine, or ASTX727, or belinostat
• Chronic use of any medications or substances that are strong inhibitors of UGT1A1 is not allowed. Patients must switch to alternative medications 7-14 days before treatment with belinostat. Because the lists of these agents are constantly changing, it is important to regularly consult a frequently-updated medical reference. As part of the enrollment/informed consent procedures, the patient will be counseled on the risk of interactions with other agents, and what to do if new medications need to be prescribed or if the patient is considering a new over-the-counter medicine or herbal product
• Patients with any known UGT1A1 polymorphism, heterozygous or homozygous, associated with reduced function (UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*28, or UGT1A1*60)
• Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness
• Patients with psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Pregnant women are excluded from this study because SGI-110 (guadecitabine) is a derivative of decitabine, and ASTX727 contains the agent decitabine, which has the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects, and because belinostat may cause teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal lethality by virtue of targeting actively dividing cells. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for AEs in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with SGI-110 (guadecitabine), ASTX727 and belinostat, breastfeeding should be discontinued

• Prolongation of the heart-rate corrected QT (QTc) interval >= 450 ms (i.e., grade 1 or higher) on the screening electrocardiogram (ECG) prior to initiation of study treatment. If baseline QTc on screening ECG is >= 450 ms (i.e., grade 1 or higher):

  • Check potassium and magnesium serum levels, and
  • Correct any identified hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia and repeat ECG to confirm a QTc interval < 450 ms

Sex/Gender

• Sexes Eligible for Study: All

• Ages: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Contacts: Contact information is only displayed when the study is recruiting subjects
• Listed Location Countries: United States

Administrative Information

• NCT Number: NCT04340843
• Other Study ID Numbers: NCI-2020-02187; NCI-2020-02187 ( Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program) ); 10330 ( Other Identifier: Yale University Cancer Center LAO ); 10330 ( Other Identifier: CTEP ); UM1CA186686 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
• Has Data Monitoring Committee: Yes

U.S. FDA-regulated Product

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

IPD Sharing Statement

• Plan to Share IPD: Yes
• Plan Description: NCI is committed to sharing data in accordance with NIH policy. For more details on how clinical trial data is shared, access the link to the NIH data sharing policy page.
• URL: https://grants.nih.gov/policy/sharing.htm

• Current Responsible Party: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Original Responsible Party: Same as current
• Current Study Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Original Study Sponsor: Same as current
• Collaborators: Not Provided

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Matthew Ingham; Yale University Cancer Center LAO

• PRS Account: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Verification Date: March 2022