Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab in Subjects With Inactive Uveitis (Visual II)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01124838
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: May 17, 2010
• Results First Posted: June 21, 2016
• Last Update Posted: July 7, 2021
• Sponsor: AbbVie (prior sponsor, Abbott)
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): AbbVie ( AbbVie (prior sponsor, Abbott) )

Tracking Information

• First Submitted Date: May 14, 2010
• First Posted Date: May 17, 2010
• Results First Submitted Date: May 13, 2016
• Results First Posted Date: June 21, 2016
• Last Update Posted Date: July 7, 2021
• Study Start Date: August 2010
• Actual Primary Completion Date: May 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Current Primary Outcome Measures (submitted: May 13, 2016)

Time to Treatment Failure on or After Week 2 [ Time Frame: From Baseline until end of study (up to 80 weeks) ]

Treatment failure was defined by the occurrence of a uveitis flare (the inability to maintain disease control). To be considered treatment failure, ≥ 1 of these criteria had to be present in at least 1 eye at Week 2 or all other visits:

• New active, inflammatory chorioretinal, and/or inflammatory retinal vascular lesions relative to Baseline
• 2-step increase relative to Baseline in anterior chamber cell grade or vitreous haze grade
• Worsening of best corrected visual acuity by ≥ 15 letters relative to baseline.

Time to treatment failure was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Dropouts for reasons other than treatment failure at any time during the study were censored at the drop out date. Per protocol, the primary analysis was performed in the Main Study population which included all randomized participants recruited outside Japan; for completeness results are also reported below for the Integrated dataset which includes participants recruited in Japan.

Original Primary Outcome Measures (submitted: May 14, 2010)

Time to Treatment Failure. [ Time Frame: Evaluated at all visits after Baseline ]

Treatment Failure is defined by the occurrence of one of the following: new active, inflammatory, chorioretinal and/or inflammatory retinal vascular lesions; 2 step increase in AC cells; 2 step increase in vitreous haze; worsening of BCVA by ≥ 3 lines or 15 letters.

Current Secondary Outcome Measures (submitted: May 13, 2016)

• Change in Anterior Chamber (AC) Cell Grade in Each Eye From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and at the Final/Early Termination Visit (up to 80 weeks) ]
  Slit lamp examinations were conducted at each visit to assess AC cell count. The number of AC cells observed within a 1 mm × 1 mm slit beam was used to determine the grade according to the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria: Grade 0 = < 1 cell Grade 0.5+ = 1 - 5 cells Grade 1+ = 6 - 15 cells Grade 2+ = 16 - 25 cells Grade 3+ = 26 - 50 cells Grade 4+ = > 50 cells.
• Change in Vitreous Haze (VH) Grade in Each Eye From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up to 80 weeks) ]
  Vitreous haze was measured using dilated indirect ophthalmoscopy (DIO) and assessed by the Investigator according to National Eye Institute (NEI) and SUN criteria: Grade 0: No evident vitreous haze; Grade 0.5+: Slight blurring of the optic disc margin because of the haze; normal striations and reflex of the nerve fiber layer cannot be visualized; Grade 1+: Permits a better definition of both the optic nerve head and the retinal vessels (compared to higher grades); Grade 2+: Permits better visualization of the retinal vessels (compared to higher grades); Grade 3+: Permits the observer to see the optic nerve head, but the borders are quite blurry; Grade 4+: Optic nerve head is obscured.
• Change In Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (LogMAR) Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) In Each Eye From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up to 80 weeks) ]
  Using corrective lenses based on that visit's refraction testing, participant's best corrected visual acuity was measured using an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) logMAR chart. On the logMAR scale, 0 is equivalent to 20/20 visual acuity, the range of normal vision is considered to be from -0.2 - 0.1; higher values indicate visual impairment.
• Time to Optimal Coherence Tomography (OCT) Evidence of Macular Edema in At Least 1 Eye On or After Week 2 [ Time Frame: From Baseline until the Final Visit (up to 80 weeks) ]
  Optical coherence tomography was performed at every visit using 1 of 3 approved machines. Images were evaluated by a central reader. Macular edema was defined as cystoid macular edema. OCT evidence of macular edema on or after Week 2 was to be counted as an event. Dropouts due to reasons other than OCT evidence of macular edema were to be considered as censored observations at the time of dropping out.
• Percent Change in Central Retinal Thickness in Each Eye From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit. [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up to 80 weeks) ]
  Central retinal thickness was measured using OCT and assessed by a central reader.
• Change in Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (VFQ-25) Total Score From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up 80 weeks) ]
  The National Eye Institute VFQ-25 is an ocular disease-specific survey that measures the influence of visual disability and visual symptoms on generic health domains such as emotional well-being and social functioning, in addition to task-oriented domains related to daily visual functioning. The VFQ-25 consists of a base set of 25 vision-targeted questions plus an additional single-item general health rating question. The overall composite score ranges from 0 to 100, where higher scores or increases in score indicate better vision-related functioning.
• Change in VFQ-25 Subscore Distance Vision From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up 80 weeks) ]
  The National Eye Institute VFQ-25 is an ocular disease-specific survey that measures the influence of visual disability and visual symptoms on generic health domains such as emotional well-being and social functioning, in addition to task-oriented domains related to daily visual functioning. The VFQ-25 consists of a base set of 25 vision-targeted questions plus an additional single-item general health rating question. The distance vision subscore is calculated from the answers to 3 distance vision-related questions and ranges from 0 to 100, where higher scores or increases in score indicate better vision-related functioning.
• Change in VFQ-25 Subscore Near Vision From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up 80 weeks) ]
  The National Eye Institute VFQ-25 is an ocular disease-specific survey that measures the influence of visual disability and visual symptoms on generic health domains such as emotional well-being and social functioning, in addition to task-oriented domains related to daily visual functioning. The VFQ-25 consists of a base set of 25 vision-targeted questions plus an additional single-item general health rating question. The near vision subscore is calculated from the answers to 3 near vision-related questions and ranges from 0 to 100, where higher scores or increases in score indicate better vision-related functioning.
• Change in VFQ-25 Subscore Ocular Pain From Baseline to the Final/Early Termination Visit [ Time Frame: Baseline and Final/Early Termination Visit (up 80 weeks) ]
  The National Eye Institute VFQ-25 is an ocular disease-specific survey that measures the influence of visual disability and visual symptoms on generic health domains such as emotional well-being and social functioning, in addition to task-oriented domains related to daily visual functioning. The VFQ-25 consists of a base set of 25 vision-targeted questions plus an additional single-item general health rating question. The ocular pain subscore is calculated form the answers to 2 eye pain questions and ranges from 0 to 100, where higher scores or increases in score indicate less pain.

Original Secondary Outcome Measures (submitted: May 14, 2010)

• Proportion of subjects that taper down to 5 mg/day of prednisone [ Time Frame: Between Weeks 4 and 10 ]
• Proportion of subjects that discontinue prednisone [ Time Frame: Between Weeks 12 and 20 ]
• Change in Vitreous Haze grade (NEI/SUN criteria) [ Time Frame: Evaluate from Baseline to Final Visit ]
• Change in logMAR BCVA [ Time Frame: Evaluate from Baseline to Final Visit ]
• OCT evidence of macular edema [ Time Frame: Evaluate at all visits after Baseline ]
• Change in central retinal thickness [ Time Frame: Evaluate from Baseline to Final Visit ]
• Change in NEI Visual Functioning Questionnaire (VFQ-25) [ Time Frame: Evaluate from Baseline to Final Visit ]

• Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures: Not Provided
• Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures: Not Provided

Descriptive Information

• Brief Title: Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab in Subjects With Inactive Uveitis
• Official Title: A Multicenter Study of the Efficacy and Safety of the Human Anti-TNF Monoclonal Antibody Adalimumab in Subjects With Inactive Non-infectious Intermediate Uveitis, Posterior Uveitis, or Panuveitis - Including a Sub-study in Japanese Patients
• Brief Summary: A study comparing the safety and efficacy of adalimumab compared with. placebo in adults with inactive non-infectious intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis.
• Detailed Description: Not Provided
• Study Type: Interventional
• Study Phase: Phase 3
• Study Design: Allocation: Randomized; Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment; Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor); Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Condition: Uveitis

Intervention

• Drug: Adalimumab
  Administered subcutaneously as an 80 mg loading dose (2 syringes) at Baseline followed by 40 mg eow starting at Week 1.
  Other Names:

  • ABT-D2E7
  • Humira
• Drug: Prednisone
  Administered orally, 10 - 35 mg/day at study entry followed by a protocol-defined mandatory taper schedule in which all subjects continuing in the study were to discontinue prednisone no later than Week 19.
• Drug: Placebo
  Administered by subcutaneous injection

Study Arms

• Placebo Comparator: Placebo
  Participants received placebo subcutaneous injection at Baseline followed by every other week (eow) dosing starting at Week 1 for up to 80 weeks or until treatment failure. Participants continued to receive prednisone orally, 10 to 35 mg/day at study entry followed by a protocol-defined mandatory taper until Week 19.
  Interventions:

  • Drug: Prednisone
  • Drug: Placebo
• Experimental: Adalimumab
  Participants received adalimumab 80 mg subcutaneous loading dose at Baseline followed by 40 mg doses eow starting at Week 1 for a maximum of 80 weeks or until treatment failure. Participants continued to receive prednisone orally, 10 - 35 mg/day at study entry followed by a protocol-defined mandatory taper until Week 19.
  Interventions:

  • Drug: Adalimumab
  • Drug: Prednisone

Publications *

• Nguyen QD, Merrill PT, Jaffe GJ, Dick AD, Kurup SK, Sheppard J, Schlaen A, Pavesio C, Cimino L, Van Calster J, Camez AA, Kwatra NV, Song AP, Kron M, Tari S, Brezin AP. Adalimumab for prevention of uveitic flare in patients with inactive non-infectious uveitis controlled by corticosteroids (VISUAL II): a multicentre, double-masked, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2016 Sep 17;388(10050):1183-92. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31339-3. Epub 2016 Aug 16. Erratum In: Lancet. 2016 Sep 17;388(10050):1160.
• Sheppard J, Joshi A, Betts KA, Hudgens S, Tari S, Chen N, Skup M, Dick AD. Effect of Adalimumab on Visual Functioning in Patients With Noninfectious Intermediate Uveitis, Posterior Uveitis, and Panuveitis in the VISUAL-1 and VISUAL-2 Trials. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 1;135(6):511-518. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0603.

Recruitment Information

• Recruitment Status: Completed
• Actual Enrollment (submitted: April 7, 2015): 261
• Original Estimated Enrollment (submitted: May 14, 2010): 250
• Actual Study Completion Date: May 2015
• Actual Primary Completion Date: May 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subject is diagnosed with non-infectious intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis.

• Subject that for ≥ 28 days prior to the Baseline visit has inactive disease and is taking ≥ 10 mg of oral prednisone to maintain this inactive state and fulfillment of all 3 of the following criteria based on the Investigator's clinical judgment at the Screening and Baseline visits for both eyes:

  • Subject without active, inflammatory chorioretinal and/or inflammatory retinal vascular lesions.
  • Subject with anterior chamber cell grade ≤ 0.5+ according to Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria.
  • Subject with vitreous haze grade ≤ 0.5+ according to National Eye Institute (NEI)/SUN criteria.
• Subject is on oral prednisone 10 to 35 mg/day (or oral corticosteroid equivalent) at Baseline and the dose has not been increased in the past 28 days or decreased in the past 14 days.
• Subject must have a documented history of experiencing at least one disease flare within 18 months of the Screening visit. This flare has to occur during or up to a maximum of 28 days after tapering off the oral corticosteroid therapy.
• Subjects who do not have previous, active or latent tuberculosis (TB). Only one TB test is required to allow the subject in the study. Subjects with either negative purified protein derivative (PPD) (< 5 mm of induration) or negative QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test (or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) equivalent) are eligible. Subjects with a repeat indeterminate QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test (or IGRA equivalent) result are not eligible. Note, that only one TB screening test is allowed and required. A repeat QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test (or IGRA equivalent) is not permitted if the PPD skin test is positive. The TB screening tests are diagnostic tests. In the event of a negative TB screening test, the results are to be interpreted in the context of the patient's epidemiology, history, exam findings, etc. and it is the responsibility of the investigator to determine if a patient has previous, active or latent tuberculosis or not. Under no circumstances can a patient with a positive PPD result or positive QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test (or IGRA equivalent) enter the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subject with isolated anterior uveitis.
• Subject with confirmed or suspected infectious uveitis, including but not limited to infectious uveitis due to TB, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, Whipple's disease, herpes zoster virus (HZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV).
• Subject with serpiginous choroidopathy.
• Subject with corneal or lens opacity that precludes visualization of the fundus or that likely requires cataract surgery during the duration of the trial.
• Subject with intraocular pressure of ≥ 25 mmHg and on ≥ 2 glaucoma medications or evidence of glaucomatous optic nerve injury.
• Subject with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) less than 20 letters (ETDRS [Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study]) in at least one eye at the Baseline visit.
• Subject with intermediate uveitis or panuveitis that has signs of intermediate uveitis (e.g. presence or history of snowbanking or snowballs) and symptoms and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings suggestive of a demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis. All subjects with intermediate uveitis or panuveitis that have signs of intermediate uveitis (e.g. presence or history of snowbanking or snowballs) must have a brain MRI within 90 days prior to the Baseline visit.
• Subject has previous exposure to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy or any biologic therapy (except intravitreal anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy) with a potential therapeutic impact on non-infectious uveitis.
• Subject on concomitant immunosuppressive therapy other than methotrexate, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil or an equivalent drug to mycophenolate mofetil (e.g., mycophenolic acid), azathioprine or tacrolimus within 28 days of Baseline or has discontinued an immunosuppressive therapy including methotrexate, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil or an equivalent drug to mycophenolate mofetil (e.g., mycophenolic acid), azathioprine or tacrolimus within 28 days of Baseline.

• If entering the study on one concomitant immunosuppressive therapy, dose has not been stable for at least 28 days prior to the Baseline visit or is not within the following allowable doses at the Baseline visit:

  • Methotrexate (MTX) ≤ 25 mg per week
  • Cyclosporine ≤ 4 mg/kg per day
  • Mycophenolate mofetil ≤ 2 grams per day or an equivalent drug to mycophenolate mofetil (e.g. mycophenolic acid) at an equivalent dose approved by the Medical Monitor
  • Azathioprine ≤ 175 mg per day
  • Tacrolimus (oral formulation) ≤ 8 mg per day
• Subject has Retisert® (glucocorticosteroids implant) within 3 years prior to the Baseline visit or has had complications related to the device. Subject has had Retisert® (glucocorticosteroid implant) removed within 90 days prior to the Baseline visit or has had complications related to removal of the device.
• Subject has received intraocular or periocular corticosteroids within 90 days prior to the Baseline visit.
• Subject with proliferative or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy or clinically significant macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy.
• Subject with neovascular/wet age-related macular degeneration.
• Subject with abnormality of vitreo-retinal interface (i.e., vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membranes, etc.) with the potential for macular structural damage independent of the inflammatory process.
• Subject with cystoid macular edema unless the retinal changes are persistent, residual and stable as defined by the SUN criteria (persistent is > 3 months duration).
• Subject has received Ozurdex® (dexamethasone implant) within 6 months prior to the Baseline visit.
• Subject has received intravitreal methotrexate within 90 days prior to the Baseline visit.

• Subject has received intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy:

  • within 45 days of the Baseline visit for Lucentis® (ranibizumab) or Avastin® (bevacizumab);
  • or within 60 days of the Baseline visit for anti-VEGF Trap (Aflibercept).
• Subject on systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitor within 1 week prior to Screening visit.
• Subject with a history of scleritis.
• Subject on cyclophosphamide within 30 days prior to the Baseline visit.

Sex/Gender

• Sexes Eligible for Study: All

• Ages: 18 Years to 99 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Contacts: Contact information is only displayed when the study is recruiting subjects
• Listed Location Countries: Not Provided
• Removed Location Countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States

Administrative Information

• NCT Number: NCT01124838
• Other Study ID Numbers: M10-880; 2009-016008-22 ( EudraCT Number )
• Has Data Monitoring Committee: Yes
• U.S. FDA-regulated Product: Not Provided
• IPD Sharing Statement: Not Provided
• Current Responsible Party: AbbVie ( AbbVie (prior sponsor, Abbott) )
• Original Responsible Party: Aileen Pangan, MD/Medical Director, Abbott Laboratories
• Current Study Sponsor: AbbVie (prior sponsor, Abbott)
• Original Study Sponsor: Abbott
• Collaborators: Not Provided

Investigators

• Study Director: Andy Payne; AbbVie

• PRS Account: AbbVie
• Verification Date: July 2021