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A Phase II/III Trial of Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Amikacin in the Treatment of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection in HIV-Infected Individuals.

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000641
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : August 31, 2001
Last Update Posted : November 3, 2021
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Tracking Information
First Submitted Date  ICMJE November 2, 1999
First Posted Date  ICMJE August 31, 2001
Last Update Posted Date November 3, 2021
Study Start Date  ICMJE Not Provided
Primary Completion Date Not Provided
Current Primary Outcome Measures  ICMJE Not Provided
Original Primary Outcome Measures  ICMJE Not Provided
Change History
Current Secondary Outcome Measures  ICMJE Not Provided
Original Secondary Outcome Measures  ICMJE Not Provided
Current Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures Not Provided
Original Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures Not Provided
 
Descriptive Information
Brief Title  ICMJE A Phase II/III Trial of Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Amikacin in the Treatment of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection in HIV-Infected Individuals.
Official Title  ICMJE A Phase II/III Trial of Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin, Clofazimine, Ethambutol, and Amikacin in the Treatment of Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection in HIV-Infected Individuals.
Brief Summary To compare the effectiveness and toxicity of two combination drug treatment programs for the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in HIV seropositive patients. [Per 03/06/92 amendment: to evaluate the efficacy of azithromycin when given in conjunction with either ethambutol or clofazimine as maintenance therapy.] Disseminated M. avium infection is the most common systemic bacterial infection complicating AIDS in the United States. The prognosis of patients with disseminated M. avium is extremely poor, particularly when it follows other opportunistic infections or is associated with anemia. Test tube studies and clinical data indicate that the best treatment program may include clofazimine, ethambutol, a rifamycin derivative, and ciprofloxacin. Test tube and animal studies indicate that amikacin is a bactericidal (bacteria destroying) drug that works better when used with ciprofloxacin. Its role in treatment programs is a key issue because of toxicity and because it must be administered parenterally (by injection or intravenously).
Detailed Description

Disseminated M. avium infection is the most common systemic bacterial infection complicating AIDS in the United States. The prognosis of patients with disseminated M. avium is extremely poor, particularly when it follows other opportunistic infections or is associated with anemia. Test tube studies and clinical data indicate that the best treatment program may include clofazimine, ethambutol, a rifamycin derivative, and ciprofloxacin. Test tube and animal studies indicate that amikacin is a bactericidal (bacteria destroying) drug that works better when used with ciprofloxacin. Its role in treatment programs is a key issue because of toxicity and because it must be administered parenterally (by injection or intravenously).

Patients undergo an initial 2-week observation period (days 1 - 14) during which time baseline evaluations are performed and type and severity of symptoms are monitored. Eligible patients are randomized on day 15 to one of two treatment programs: (1) ciprofloxacin, clofazimine, ethambutol, and rifampin (all taken orally), or (2) the same four drugs plus amikacin. Only patients for whom blood cultures obtained on either day 1 or day 14/15 are positive by week 6 continue on study drugs. Patients receive combination therapy for 24 weeks. Patients may have an indwelling central venous catheter in place for long-term administration of intravenous drug. PER 03/06/92 AMENDMENT: Newly enrolled patients who demonstrate a complete or partial clinical response at the end of study week 10 (8 weeks of drug therapy) discontinue their current regimen and begin maintenance therapy with azithromycin plus either ethambutol or clofazimine for an additional 24 weeks. Patients who do not demonstrate a response at study week 10 are discontinued from all study therapy. Patients enrolled on earlier versions of the protocol who have surpassed study week 16 (14 weeks of drug therapy) continue treatment with their originally assigned regimen through study week 26; those who have not surpassed study week 16 are considered for inclusion in the maintenance phase of the study.
Study Type  ICMJE Interventional
Study Phase  ICMJE Phase 2
Study Design  ICMJE Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Condition  ICMJE
  • Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare Infection
  • HIV Infections
Intervention  ICMJE
  • Drug: Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride
  • Drug: Ethambutol hydrochloride
  • Drug: Amikacin sulfate
  • Drug: Azithromycin
  • Drug: Rifampin
  • Drug: Clofazimine
Study Arms  ICMJE Not Provided
Publications *

*   Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline.
 
Recruitment Information
Recruitment Status  ICMJE Completed
Enrollment  ICMJE
 (submitted: June 23, 2005)		 90
Original Enrollment  ICMJE Same as current
Actual Study Completion Date  ICMJE December 1994
Primary Completion Date Not Provided
Eligibility Criteria  ICMJE

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

  • Zidovudine (AZT) and didanosine (ddI). Dideoxycytidine (ddC), EPO, and other experimental therapies granted Treatment IND or Expanded Access status, with the exception of rifabutin.
  • Concurrent therapies (acute and maintenance) for opportunistic infections not specifically prohibited.

Concurrent Treatment:

Allowed:

  • Interferon-alfa.

Patients must have the following:

  • HIV infections or diagnosis of AIDS as per CDC classification.
  • Mycobacterium avium isolated from blood.
  • Capability of signing an informed consent, or consent of guardian if < 18 years of age.
  • Ability and willingness to participate in all components of the study and receive all study therapies.

Prior Medication:

Allowed:

  • Interferon-alfa.
  • Single drug prophylaxis for Mycobacterium avium or M. tuberculosis within the previous 4 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

Treatment Phase:

  • Known or suspected allergy to any of the study medications. Severe hearing loss.

Maintenance Phase:

  • Severe hearing loss. Hypersensitivity to macrolides. Intolerance to ethambutol and clofazimine.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Acute therapy for other opportunistic infections at time of study entry.
  • Nephrotoxic agents such as amphotericin B, intravenous vancomycin, or foscarnet during the first 4 weeks of study therapy without specific exemption from one of the protocol chairs. Antacids within 2 hours of ingestion of study drugs.
  • Immunomodulators (except interferon-alfa) and other antimycobacterial drugs (including quinolones and aminoglycosides).
  • All experimental therapies (except ddI, ddC, and other experimental agents granted "Treatment IND" or "expanded access" status) will be prohibited (specific exemptions must be obtained from one of the protocol chairs).

Patients with the following are excluded:

  • Known or suspected allergy to any of the study medications. Cannot take drugs orally.
  • Severe hearing loss, at the discretion of the investigator.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

  • Antimycobacterial drugs (including azithromycin, clarithromycin, rifamycins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides) or immunomodulators (except interferon-alfa) within 4 weeks prior to entry, except single-drug prophylaxis specifically allowed.

History of unreliable drug intake.

  • Inability to cooperate in the testing procedures.
Sex/Gender  ICMJE
Sexes Eligible for Study: All
Ages  ICMJE 13 Years and older   (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers  ICMJE No
Contacts  ICMJE Contact information is only displayed when the study is recruiting subjects
Listed Location Countries  ICMJE United States
Removed Location Countries Puerto Rico
 
Administrative Information
NCT Number  ICMJE NCT00000641
Other Study ID Numbers  ICMJE ACTG 135
11110 ( Registry Identifier: DAIDS ES Registry Number )
Has Data Monitoring Committee Not Provided
U.S. FDA-regulated Product Not Provided
IPD Sharing Statement  ICMJE Not Provided
Current Responsible Party National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Original Responsible Party Not Provided
Current Study Sponsor  ICMJE National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Original Study Sponsor  ICMJE Same as current
Collaborators  ICMJE Not Provided
Investigators  ICMJE
Study Chair: DM Parenti
Study Chair: J Ellner
PRS Account National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Verification Date October 2021

ICMJE     Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP