Acute Whey Protein And Casein Supplementation: Effect On Protein Metabolism After Resistance Exercise

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04648384
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: December 1, 2020
• Last Update Posted: December 2, 2020
• Sponsor: University of Sao Paulo
• Collaborators: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.; Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (COLCIENCIAS)
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Ellen Cristini de Freitas, University of Sao Paulo

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The proteins of human breast milk are the most important endocrine signaling system that promotes neonatal growth by increasing the release of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and the leucine-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1- (mTORC1) signaling of pancreatic β-cells. Remarkably, the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine are involved in the growth-promoting effects of milk, protein biosynthesis, and metabolism because they physiologically stimulate insulin secretion The present study sought to investigate the effects of the combination of whey protein and casein in the ratio of 80:20 ("whey protein: casein" or "casein: whey protein") as breast milk proportion on the peak and the period of the permanence of branched-chain amino acids in the blood circulation, final metabolites of protein metabolism and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) after a single bout of fasting or a resistance exercise session.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Sports Nutrition; Protein Supplementation	Dietary Supplement: Blend Protein Supplementation; Dietary Supplement: Placebo Supplementation; Other: Resistance Exercise	Not Applicable

Detailed Description:

The present study investigated the effects of the association of WP and casein in the ratio of 80:20, a similar ratio of human breast milk, on blood branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) profile by HPLC technique, markers of protein metabolism (creatinine, urea, and urine nitrogen) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) after a single bout of resistance exercise. A double-blind, crossover and acute study was conducted with ten men (age 29 ± 8 y; BMI: 25.4 ± 2.9 Kg/m2; 77 ± 12 kg; 1.74 ± 0.09 m) that were randomly assigned to five supplementation treatments: WP - whey protein; CAS - casein; WP/CAS - 80% WP/20% CAS; CAS/WP - 80% CAS/ 20% WP; PLA - placebo. Participants were submitted to the following evaluations: performance sessions, blood collection for each session for the BCAAs profile determination, two food records, 3-days assessment of DOMS (24h, 48h, 72h) after each treatment.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 10 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Official Title: Association of Whey Protein and Casein in the Same Proportions of Human Breast Milk Promoted Similar Branched-chain Amino Acids Profile and Reduced Delayed Muscle Soreness in Physically Active Man
• Actual Study Start Date: March 20, 2016
• Actual Primary Completion Date: July 20, 2019
• Actual Study Completion Date: October 20, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Protein Supplementation and Resistance exercise; Protein supplementation composed of 20 gram of whey protein or casein in different proportions (80:20) and fasting state 10 sets of 10 reps at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition	Dietary Supplement: Blend Protein Supplementation; Protein supplementation using 20 grams of whey protein or casein mix. Acute Resistance training, 10 sets of 10 reps at 85% of 1Maximum repetition; Other Name: Resistance Training; Other: Resistance Exercise; 10 sets of 10 repetitions at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition in leg press exercise
Placebo Comparator: Placebo Supplementation; Placebo supplementation composed of 20 gram of Maltodextrin and fasting state 10 sets of 10 reps at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition	Dietary Supplement: Placebo Supplementation; Placebo supplementation using 20 grams of Maltodextrin. Acute Resistance training, 10 sets of 10 reps at 85% of 1Maximum repetition; Other Name: Resistance Training; Other: Resistance Exercise; 10 sets of 10 repetitions at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition in leg press exercise
Experimental: Resistance Training; Resistance Exercise will be performed before supplementation and is composed by 10 sets of 10 repetitions at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition in leg press exercise.	Other: Resistance Exercise; 10 sets of 10 repetitions at 85% of 1 Maximum repetition in leg press exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Change from baseline in plasma amino acids concentration [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
   Blood sample collected for analysis of BCAA concentration after blend protein or placebo supplementation expressed in (µmol/L)
2. Change from baseline in 1RM test [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
   Change of training load using RPE, time and load expressed in (a.u)
3. Change in protein metabolism [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
   Change in nitrogen excretion, and nitrogen balance after protein supplementation expressed in (g/24 hours)
4. Changes from baseline in macronutrient intake [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
   Change of macronutrient intake were calculated pre and post treatment expressed in (g/24 hours)
5. Change in delayed onset muscle soreness [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
   Change from baseline the delayed onset muscle soreness pre, post, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after treatment expressed in (a.u)

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 Years to 40 Years (Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Male
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy
• practice resistance training at least 3x a week

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smokers
• Muscle injures
• cardiovascular diseases
• Diabetes mellitus
• Lactose intolerance

Contacts and Locations

Locations

Brazil

University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto.

Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, 14049-900

Sponsors and Collaborators

University of Sao Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.

Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (COLCIENCIAS)

More Information

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Martinez Galan BS, Giolo De Carvalho F, Carvalho SCS, Cunha Brandao CF, Morhy Terrazas SI, Abud GF, Meirelles MSS, Sakagute S, Ueta Ortiz G, Marchini JS, Aristizabal JC, Cristini de Freitas E. Casein and Whey Protein in the Breast Milk Ratio: Could It Promote Protein Metabolism Enhancement in Physically Active Adults? Nutrients. 2021 Jun 23;13(7):2153. doi: 10.3390/nu13072153.

• Responsible Party: Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Principal Investigator, University of Sao Paulo
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04648384
• Other Study ID Numbers: Protein Supplementation
• First Posted: December 1, 2020
• Last Update Posted: December 2, 2020
• Last Verified: November 2020

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No