Efficacy and Safety of Romiplostim Versus Eltrombopag in the Treatment of Thrombocytopenia in Patients With Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04371939
• Recruitment Status: Recruiting
• First Posted: May 1, 2020
• Last Update Posted: May 6, 2020
• Sponsor: Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This is a prospective, open-label, randomized, two-arm clinical trial conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of romiplostim in comparison with eltrombopag in the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome	Drug: Romiplostim; Drug: Eltrombopag	Phase 2

Detailed Description:

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a life-threatening primary immunodeficiency associated with bleeding of variable severity due to severe thrombocytopenia. Considering that the hemorrhagic events are a cause of death in 21% of WAS patients, management of thrombocytopenia constitutes a major challenge. Findings of defective platelet production by megakaryocytes and reduced in vitro pro-platelet formation suggested the possibility of megakaryocyte stimulation by TPO-RAs romiplostim, eltrombopag as a treatment strategy. Each of them has distinct pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic properties, different effects on megakaryopoiesis, and might have different efficacy in individual patients.

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of romiplostim and another TPO-RA eltrombopag for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in patients with WAS and assess the benefit of switching these molecules in refractory subjects. The patients will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive either romiplostim or eltrombopag.

After enrollment, (see detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria below) subjects under 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of WAS and thrombocytopenia (platelet count of less than 70 x 109/L) will be assigned to receive romiplostim at an initial dose of 9 µg/kg subcutaneously per week or oral eltrombopag at a dose of 2-3mg/kg daily (ages 1 to 5 years) and 75 mg/daily (>6 years) for at least 1 month.

Bleeding severity will be evaluated with a modified World Health Organization (WHO) Bleeding Scale, lab tests (blood counts, biochemical analyses), ECG will be assessed after 30 days of treatment (30 +/- 7 days).

The efficacy of romiplostim/eltrombopag will be defined by the following criteria: complete response -an achievement of the platelet count >100 x 109/L, partial - platelet count at least 30 x 109/L higher than the patient's pretreatment baseline count up to to 100 x 109/L. No response will be defined as not achieving a platelet count of > 30 x 109/L from the baseline count.

Refractory patients will be switched to alternate TPO-RA agonist. Other reasons for switching that are not related to efficacy might include adverse events, active colitis, patient preference.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Estimated Enrollment: 30 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Randomized, Two-arm Single-center Phase II Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Romiplostim Versus Eltrombopag in the Treatment of Thrombocytopenia in Patients With Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
• Actual Study Start Date: November 5, 2019
• Estimated Primary Completion Date: December 2022
• Estimated Study Completion Date: July 30, 2023

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: I (Romiplostim); Participants will receive romiplostim at an initial dose of 9 µg/kg subcutaneously per week for at least 1 month depending on their response to study drug. Patients failing to achieve a complete platelet response cross over to arm II.	Drug: Romiplostim; Participants will receive romiplostim at an initial dose of 9 µg/kg subcutaneously per week for at least 1 month depending on their response to study drug. Patients failing to achieve a complete platelet response cross over to arm II.; Other Name: Nplate
Experimental: II (Eltrombopag); Participants will receive eltrombopag at a dose of 2-3mg/kg daily (ages 0 to 5 years) and 75 mg/daily (>6 years) for at least 1 month depending on their response to study drug. Patients failing to achieve a complete platelet response switch to arm I.	Drug: Eltrombopag; Participants will receive eltrombopag at a dose of 2-3mg/kg daily (ages 0 to 5 years) and 75 mg/daily (>6 years) for at least 1 month depending on their response to study drug. Patients failing to achieve a complete platelet response switch to arm I.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Percentage of patients with overall platelet response (complete response + partial response) for romiplostim and eltrombopag group [ Time Frame: 1 month (30 day +/- 7 days) ]
   A complete response will be defined as a platelet count >100 x 109/L, partial - 30 x 109/L higher than the patient's pretreatment baseline count to 100 x 109/L.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Number of participants with bleeding events and severity of bleeding in romiplostim and eltrombopag group [ Time Frame: until discontinuation, from at least one month to one year ]

   The incidence and severity of bleeding events is evaluated with a modified World Health Organization (WHO) Bleeding Scale.

   (G1=Petechiae, epistaxis <30 min, G2=Mild blood loss, hematomas, epistaxis >30 min, melanotic stool G3=Gross blood loss, requiring blood transfusions, G4=Fatal bleeding).

2. Number of participants with drug related adverse events in each treatment group [ Time Frame: until discontinuation, from at least one month to one year ]
   Adverse events are graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).
3. Percentage of patients with overall platelet response (complete response + partial response) after switching from one TPO-RA to another one. [ Time Frame: until discontinuation, from at least one month to one year ]

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: up to 18 Years (Child, Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Genetically verified Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 70 x 109/L)
• Age: under 18 years
• Subject/legal representative has signed written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients, who do not meet the inclusion criteria.
• Any prior history of arterial or venous thrombosis within the past year.

• Arm II (eltrombopag):

  1. abnormal hepatic function -elevated AST/ALT > 1.5 times upper limit of normal within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
  2. Active colitis

Contacts and Locations

Contacts

Contact: Anna Shcherbina, MD, PhD; +7(495)2876570 ext 6299; shcher26@hotmail.com

Locations

Russian Federation

Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; Recruiting

Moscow, Russian Federation, 117997

Contact: Anna Shcherbina, MD, PhD +7(495)2876570 ext 6299 shcher26@hotmail.com

Sponsors and Collaborators

Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology

More Information

• Responsible Party: Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04371939
• Other Study ID Numbers: NCPHOI-2020-03
• First Posted: May 1, 2020
• Last Update Posted: May 6, 2020
• Last Verified: May 2020

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Keywords provided by Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology:

eltrombopag; romiplostim; thrombocytopenia; platelets

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Thrombocytopenia; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome; Syndrome; Disease; Pathologic Processes; Blood Platelet Disorders; Hematologic Diseases; Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Lymphopenia; Leukopenia; Leukocyte Disorders; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Immune System Diseases