Dapagliflozin in Respiratory Failure in Patients With COVID-19 (DARE-19)
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04350593 |
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Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : April 17, 2020
Results First Posted : April 13, 2022
Last Update Posted : June 10, 2022
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| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 | Drug: Dapagliflozin 10 milligram (mg) Drug: Placebo | Phase 3 |
COVID-19 can lead to multiorgan failure, especially in high-risk patients. Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), favorably impacts many processes dysregulated during acute illness such as COVID-19, has significant cardio- and reno-protective benefits in cardiometabolic disease, and may provide similar organ protection in COVID-19.
The study population will include hospitalized patients with respiratory manifestations of COVID-19 of any duration, but without the need for mechanical ventilation. The eligible patients should have risk factors for developing serious complications of COVID-19, including hypertension, Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure and/or chronic kidney disease stage 3 to 4.
Patients will be treated for 30 days, with either dapagliflozin 10 milligrams daily or placebo, each to be given in addition to the usual standard of care in the participating hospital.
The study assessments include only those that are absolutely critical for ensuring the safety of the patients, to measure efficacy outcomes, and collect biomarker data, so as not to place too high a burden on the study personnel and to minimize additional risk of exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2).
The dual primary efficacy endpoints of the study are time to first event of either complications or death from any cause, and improved clinical recovery through 30 days of follow-up. An extended follow-up period of 60 days (after the 30-day treatment period) is included, in order to examine longer-term trajectory of recovery from COVID-19 among trial participants.
The safety data will be monitored by an Independent Data and Safety Monitoring Committee.
| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Actual Enrollment : | 1250 participants |
| Allocation: | Randomized |
| Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
| Masking: | Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor) |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | An International, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Phase III Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin in Respiratory Failure in Patients With COVID-19 |
| Actual Study Start Date : | April 22, 2020 |
| Actual Primary Completion Date : | March 31, 2021 |
| Actual Study Completion Date : | June 11, 2021 |
| Arm | Intervention/treatment |
|---|---|
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Active Comparator: Dapagliflozin 10mg
Dapagliflozin 10 mg daily
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Drug: Dapagliflozin 10 milligram (mg)
Active Comparator: Dapagliflozin 10 mg
Other Name: Farxiga |
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Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Dapagliflozin matching placebo 10 mg daily
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Drug: Placebo
Placebo Comparator |
- Prevention of COVID-19 Complications or Death: During the 30-day Treatment Period, Time to First Occurrence of New/Worsened Organ Dysfunction During Index Hospitalization or Death From Any Cause. [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]
Time to first occurrence of new/worsened organ dysfunction during index hospitalization or death from any cause.
Event rates are presented as the number of subjects with event per 100 patient month (30 days) of follow-up.
Unit of Measure: Patients with events per 100 patient-months (pt-mos) at risk.
New/worsened organ dysfunction is defined as at least one of the following:
- Respiratory decompensation requiring initiation of mechanical ventilation (includes invasive or non-invasive ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP), and/or initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- New or worsening congestive heart failure
- Requirement for vasopressor therapy and/or inotropic or mechanical circulatory support
- Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation lasting at least 30 seconds and/or associated with hemodynamic instability or pulseless electrical activity, or resuscitated cardiac arrest
- Doubling of s-Creatinine or initiation of renal replacement therapy
- Improving Clinical Recovery: Hierarchical Composite Outcome Measure Including Death From Any Cause Through Day 30, New/Worsened Organ Dysfunction, Clinical Status at Day 30 and Hospital Discharge Before Day 30 and Alive at Day 30. [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]
The number of patients experiencing improvement by day 30 compared with baseline (discharged from hospital without a worsening event and alive, or still in hospital without a worsening event and without oxygen support) in the hierarchical composite endpoint analysis.
Hierarchical composite outcome measure includes:
- Death from any cause through Day 30
- New/worsened organ dysfunction
- Clinical status at Day 30 for patients still hospitalized and without any worsening organ dysfunction
- Hospital discharge before Day 30 and alive at Day 30
- Time to Hospital Discharge [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]
Time to hospital discharge (refers to index hospitalization only).
Median time to hospital discharge is presented in days.
- Total Number of Days Alive and Free From Respiratory Decompensation Requiring Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation (Includes Invasive or Non-invasive Ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP) [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]Total number of days alive and free from mechanical ventilation (includes invasive or non-invasive ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP) is calculated for each patient as total follow-up time (30 days) substracted days in hospital with mechanical ventilation and days dead.
- Total Number of Days Alive, Not in the ICU, and Free From Respiratory Decompensation Requiring Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation (Includes Invasive or Non-invasive Ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP) [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]Total number of days alive, not in the ICU and free from mechanical ventilation (includes invasive or non-invasive ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP) is calculated for each patient as total follow-up time (30 days) substracted days in ICU and days dead.
- Time to Composite of Acute Kidney Injury or Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy, or Death From Any Cause [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]
Acute kidney injury is defined as an episode of doubling s-creatinine compared to baseline during index hospitalization or SAE. Initiation of renal replacement therapy is defined as initiation of renal replacement therapy during index hospitalization or SAE.
Event rates are presented as the number of subjects with event per 100 patient month (30 days) of follow-up.
Unit of Measure: Patients with events per 100 patient-months (pt-mos) at risk.
- Time to Death From Any Cause [ Time Frame: Randomization through Day 30 ]
Time to death from any cause.
Event rates are presented as the number of subjects with event per 100 patient month (30 days) of follow-up.
Unit of Measure: Patients with events per 100 patient-months (pt-mos) at risk.
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Provision of informed consent
- Male or female patients aged ≥18 years
- Currently hospitalized
- Hospital admission no more than 4 days prior to screening
- Confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by laboratory testing within 10 days prior to screening, or strongly suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection on presentation
- Chest radiography or computerized tomography (CT) findings that, in the opinion of the investigator, are consistent with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
- Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥ 94% while receiving low-flow supplemental oxygen (5 liters or less)
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Medical history of at least one of the following:
- hypertension
- type 2 diabetes
- atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
- heart failure (with either reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF))
- chronic kidney disease stage 3 to 4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 25 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2)
Key Exclusion Criteria:
- Respiratory decompensation requiring mechanical ventilation (includes invasive or non invasive ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP))
- Expected need for mechanical ventilation (includes invasive or non-invasive ventilation, CPAP, or BiPAP) within the next 24 hours
- Expected survival of less than 24 hours at the time of presentation, in the judgement of the investigator
- eGFR <25 mL/min/1.73 m2 or receiving renal replacement therapy/dialysis
- Systolic blood pressure <95 mmHg and/or requirement for vasopressor treatment and/or inotropic or mechanical circulatory support at Screening
- History of type 1 diabetes mellitus
- History of diabetic ketoacidosis
- Currently receiving or has received in the last 14 days, experimental immune modulators and/or monoclonal antibody therapies for COVID-19
- Current treatment with any sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) (eg, dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin) or having received treatment with any SGLT2i within 4 weeks prior to screening
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Current participation in another interventional clinical trial (with an investigational drug) that is not an observational registry
- Note that use of rescue therapies including immune modulators, monoclonal antibody therapies, antiviral therapies, and other agents that are approved or being used through open-label compassionate/expanded use programs or in accordance with the local standard of care is permitted during the study.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04350593
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| Study Chair: | Mikhail Kosiborod, MD | Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute |
Documents provided by Saint Luke's Health System:
| Responsible Party: | Saint Luke's Health System |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT04350593 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
D1690C00081 ESR-20-20653 ( Other Grant/Funding Number: Astra Zeneca ) |
| First Posted: | April 17, 2020 Key Record Dates |
| Results First Posted: | April 13, 2022 |
| Last Update Posted: | June 10, 2022 |
| Last Verified: | May 2022 |
| Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: | |
| Plan to Share IPD: | No |
| Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | Yes |
| Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | No |
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sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) dapagliflozin COVID-19 |
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COVID-19 Respiratory Insufficiency Pneumonia, Viral Pneumonia Respiratory Tract Infections Infections Virus Diseases Coronavirus Infections Coronaviridae Infections Nidovirales Infections |
RNA Virus Infections Lung Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases Respiration Disorders Dapagliflozin Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Hypoglycemic Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs |