Access to Tailored Autism Integrated Care Pilot Study (ATTAIN)
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04293627 |
Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : March 3, 2020
Last Update Posted : March 28, 2022
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Autism Spectrum Disorder Mental Health Issue | Behavioral: ATTAIN |
This description is focused solely on the feasibility pilot test of ATTAIN in pediatric primary care.
Phase 3. Conduct an open trial feasibility pilot test of ATTAIN (directly informed by adaptations identified earlier in the larger study) in pediatric primary care.
Participants
Providers: A total of 45 pediatric care providers and staff will be recruited for enrollment from primary care practices in the region. This targeted sample size was chosen based on sample sizes used within completed pilot studies focused on service interventions in pediatric care. Each provider and healthcare staff member will be asked to use or support use of ATTAIN with up to 5 eligible patients over four months.
Families: Eligible pediatric patients must be: 1) English and/or Spanish-speaking, 2) between 4-16 years of age and 3) have a documented ASD diagnosis in the electronic health record. After four months of ATTAIN use by their child's primary care provider, caregivers will be contacted by the research team to be invited to complete an online survey about their child's healthcare experiences over the past four months.
Procedure Leadership at each primary care organization will be approached about their primary care practices participating in the pilot study. Primary care practices within each organization will be purposively selected for targeted recruitment of providers for ATTAIN implementation based on volume of patients with ASD. Members of the research team will request an invitation to present at regularly scheduled staff meetings to recruit primary care providers. Interested providers will be asked to complete a study interest form and indicate preferred times to attend a group meeting to review study participation details, the Study Information Sheet, and receive training in using the ATTAIN model. For some clinics, leadership may prefer that the recruitment and training be conducted during the same meeting for the purpose of reducing staff burden. At these meetings, the research team will provide a meal and refreshments. Subsequently, trained providers will be asked to use ATTAIN with up to 5 eligible patients during any outpatient appointment (e.g., annual check-ups, drop-in appointments) to maximize early detection of mental health problems and opportunity to link to mental health services. Throughout the 4 months, we may ask providers and supporting staff to elaborate on their experiences using ATTAIN via e-mail or phone-call to understand challenges to implementation, recommendations for improving implementation or adaptations in implementing the ATTAIN model in their clinic. Time to complete these brief reflections will take no more than 5-10 minutes each. Quantitative data of ATTAIN use will be extracted from patient charts and de-identified data will be sent to the research team during the four month study period and at the end of 4 months. After 4 months of ATTAIN delivery, participating providers and caregivers of youth with ASD with whom providers used ATTAIN will be asked to complete a brief online survey regarding their experiences using ATTAIN. Providers and staff will be asked to attend a meeting, where food and light refreshments will be provided, to complete the survey. In addition, providers and staff will be invited to participate in a post-study interview that will be offered to be completed by phone or in-person. Caregivers will receive $20 for survey completion. The ATTAIN model was developed to be embedded within routine primary care settings and workflow so there are minimal risks to primary care providers, caregivers or children associated with participation.
Study Type : | Observational |
Actual Enrollment : | 36 participants |
Observational Model: | Ecologic or Community |
Time Perspective: | Prospective |
Official Title: | ADAPTING AND IMPLEMENTING AN INTEGRATED CARE MODEL FOR YOUTH WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY |
Actual Study Start Date : | November 13, 2019 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | October 31, 2021 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | March 10, 2022 |

- Behavioral: ATTAIN
ATTAIN is an 8-step model to identify co-occurring mental health conditions and facilitate linkage to mental health services for youth with an existing autism spectrum disorder diagnosis.
- Feasibility and acceptability of ATTAIN [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]The Perceived Characteristics of Intervention Scale (PCIS) will be used to examine providers' and staff's perspectives regarding feasibility and acceptability of ATTAIN. The PCIS is a 20-item scale that assesses attitudes towards a specific intervention including relative advantage, compatibility, and complexity. Participants are asked to rate the extent to which they agree with each item on a 5-point Likert scale. Example items include, "The ATTAIN model is clear and understandable" and "Using the ATTAIN model fits well with the way I like to work."
- Acceptability of Intervention Measure [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]A 4-item measure to assess the extent to which providers/staff believe ATTAIN is acceptable.
- Feasibility of Intervention Measure [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]A 4-item measure to assess the extent to which providers/staff believe ATTAIN is feasible.
- ASD + Mental Health Comfort and Knowledge Questionnaire [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]A questionnaire adapted from autism implementation studies (Brookman-Frazee et al., 2019; Stadnick et al., 2020) assessing provider perceptions of comfort and knowledge about serving children with ASD.
- Measure of Innovation-Specific Implementation Intentions (MISII) [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]A 3-item measure assessing provider intentions to use a specific innovation (ATTAIN).
- ATTAIN Uptake [ Time Frame: Post-pilot (4 months of ATTAIN delivery) ]ATTAIN uptake will be measured using extracted data from the electronic health record system or provider-reported data about the number of patients with whom they used ATTAIN. Specifically, uptake will be defined as the proportion of ATTAIN-eligible patients (i.e., children with a documented ASD diagnosis) to the number children with whom providers used ATTAIN.

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 4 Years to 16 Years (Child) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Sampling Method: | Non-Probability Sample |
Providers: A total of 45 pediatric care providers and staff will be recruited for enrollment from primary care practices in the region. This targeted sample size was chosen based on sample sizes used within completed pilot studies focused on service interventions in pediatric care. Each provider and healthcare staff member will be asked to use or support use of ATTAIN with up to 5 eligible patients over four months.
Families: Eligible pediatric patients must be: 1) English and/or Spanish-speaking, 2) between 4-16 years of age and 3) have a documented ASD diagnosis in the electronic health record. After four months of ATTAIN use by their child's primary care provider, caregivers will be contacted by the research team to be invited to complete an online survey about their child's healthcare experiences over the past four months.

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04293627
United States, California | |
University of California, San Diego | |
La Jolla, California, United States, 92093 |
Principal Investigator: | Nicole A Stadnick, PhD, MPH | Assistant Professor |
Documents provided by Nicole Stadnick, University of California, San Diego:
Responsible Party: | Nicole Stadnick, Assistant Professor, University of California, San Diego |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT04293627 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
UC San Diego |
First Posted: | March 3, 2020 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | March 28, 2022 |
Last Verified: | March 2022 |
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: | |
Plan to Share IPD: | No |
Plan Description: | Researchers may contact the PI to request de-identified data in aggregate form, as appropriate. |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | No |
pediatric primary care implementation science co-occurring mental health conditions community academic partnership |
Autistic Disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Development Disorders, Pervasive Neurodevelopmental Disorders Mental Disorders |