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Effectiveness of Corticosteroid vs. Ketorolac Shoulder Injections: A Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Trial

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
 
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04115644
Recruitment Status : Terminated (Covid-19 and we failed to submit annual report for 2017 and 2018)
First Posted : October 4, 2019
Results First Posted : April 22, 2022
Last Update Posted : April 22, 2022
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Michael Khazzam, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Study Description
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Brief Summary:

The purpose of this study is to compare the functional outcomes of patients with shoulder pathology treated with either ketorolac or corticosteroid injections, in a randomized double-blinded study. Investigators will compare the effectiveness of ketorolac compared to corticosteroid.

Specific Aim 1:

Hypothesis 1: Injection of the shoulder (in the subacromial space) with Ketorolac will be more effective than corticosteroid injection for the treatment of a variety of shoulder pathologies.

The risks associated with this study primarily concern adverse reactions to the study drugs. The drugs used in this study are not narcotics or habit-forming but can have side effects. The patient's physician will screen for any heart, intestinal, or kidney disease or condition that would increase the chance for the patient to have an unwanted side effect.


Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Full Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear Rotator Cuff Tendinitis Drug: Ketorolac Drug: Marcaine (placebo) Drug: Kenalog Phase 4

Detailed Description:

The proposed study is a three arm, double-blinded, prospective randomized controlled clinical trial with follow-up immediately after the injection and at day 2, and weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12. In this study investigators will compare the effectiveness of ketorolac compared to corticosteroid.

Subjects being seen for a rotator cuff injury will be randomized into one of three treatment groups pertaining to their pathology. The intervention will begin once the subject has consented and answered the Baseline Outcome Shoulder Questionnaire. The Baseline Outcome Questionnaire consists of the Visual Analog Score, American Shoulder and Elbow Score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Short Form-12, and questions pertaining to patient characteristics, injury characteristics, co-morbidities, patient history, medications, and demographics.

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 82 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Effectiveness of Corticosteroid vs. Ketorolac Shoulder Injections: A Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Trial
Study Start Date : May 2015
Actual Primary Completion Date : September 14, 2017
Actual Study Completion Date : September 14, 2017

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: Steroids

Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Placebo Comparator: Group 1 (control)
will receive an injection of 5 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine
 Drug: Marcaine (placebo)
Group 1 (control): will receive an injection of 5 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine
Other Name: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride
Experimental: Group 2 (ketorolac)
will receive an injection of 3 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine and 2 cc ketorolac 30 mg/ml
 Drug: Ketorolac
Group 2 (ketorolac): will receive an injection of 3 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine and 2 cc ketorolac 30 mg/ml
Other Name: Toradol

Drug: Marcaine (placebo)
Group 1 (control): will receive an injection of 5 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine
Other Name: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride
Group 3 (kenalog)
Pt will receive an injection of 4 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine and 1 cc triamcinolone. Group 3 is standard of care
 Drug: Marcaine (placebo)
Group 1 (control): will receive an injection of 5 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine
Other Name: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

Drug: Kenalog
Group 3 (kenalog): 4 cc 0.25% Marcaine without epinephrine and 1 cc triamcinolone.
Other Name: Triamcinolone Acetonide


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline - pre-injection ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale prior to first injection. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  2. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Baseline - immediately after the injection ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale after first injection. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  3. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Day 2 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  4. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Week 1 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  5. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Week 2 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  6. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Week 4 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  7. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Week 6 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  8. Visual Analog Scale [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
    Pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is a 0-10 scale, 0 being no pain, 10 being unbearable pain.

  9. American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES) [ Time Frame: Baseline ]
    Pain, instability, and activities of daily living as measured by the American Shoulder and Elbow Score. The ASES is a 100-point scale that consists of two dimensions: pain and activities of daily living. One pain scale is worth 50 points, and activities of daily living worth 50 points. A higher score indicates a better outcome.

  10. American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES) [ Time Frame: Week 6 ]
    Pain, instability, and activities of daily living as measured by the American Shoulder and Elbow Score. The ASES is a 100-point scale that consists of two dimensions: pain and activities of daily living. One pain scale is worth 50 points, and activities of daily living worth 50 points. A higher score indicates a better outcome.

  11. American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES) [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
    Pain, instability, and activities of daily living as measured by the American Shoulder and Elbow Score. The ASES is a 100-point scale that consists of two dimensions: pain and activities of daily living. One pain scale is worth 50 points, and activities of daily living worth 50 points. A higher score indicates a better outcome.


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) [ Time Frame: Baseline ]
    Measure the patient's self-reported function on a scale of 0 to 100

  2. Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) [ Time Frame: Week 6 ]
    Measure the patient's self-reported function on a scale of 0 to 100

  3. Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
    Measure the patient's self-reported function on a scale of 0 to 100

  4. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [ Time Frame: Baseline ]
    Sleep quality as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  5. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [ Time Frame: Week 6 ]
    Sleep quality as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  6. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
    Sleep quality as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  7. Short Form 12 (SF-12) [ Time Frame: Baseline ]
    General health survey as measured by the Short Form 12 (SF-12)

  8. Short Form 12 (SF-12) [ Time Frame: Week 6 ]
    General health survey as measured by the Short Form 12 (SF-12)

  9. Short Form 12 (SF-12) [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
    General health survey as measured by the Short Form 12 (SF-12)


Eligibility Criteria
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.


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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Rotator Cuff Tendinitis
  • Atraumatic Rotator Cuff Tear
  • Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy
  • Subjects who speak English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Age: < 18 years old
  • Prior Shoulder Surgery
  • Fracture
  • Acute Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tear
  • Infection
  • Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus (HbA1c >8)
  • Recent Prior Shoulder Injection in either the Subacromial space
  • Workers Compensation
  • History of Gastric Ulcers
  • Tumor Involving the Shoulder Region
  • Prior history of gastrointestinal bleeding, allergic reactions, impaired renal function, seizures or cardiac arrhythmias
  • Subject unable to provide informed consent
  • Subjects who don't speak English
  • Patients who are pregnant or lactating at time of screening or are of child bearing age
  • Patients currently receiving an aspirin, NSAID regimen or any other anti-inflammatory agents that could affect inflammation response.
  • Patients with any bleeding disorders.
  • Patients with severe renal failure.
  • Patients likely to have severe problems maintaining follow-up, including patients diagnosed with severe psychiatric conditions, patients who live too far outside the hospital's catchment area, patients who are incarcerated and patients who have unstable housing situations.
  • Patients who are allergic to aspirin, ketorolac tromethamine and other NSAIDs
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04115644


Locations
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United States, Maryland
John Hopkins Shoulder & Sports Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21205
United States, Texas
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390
Sponsors and Collaborators
Michael Khazzam
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Michael Khazzam, MD UT Southwestern Medical Center
  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Michael Khazzam, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center:
Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] September 1, 2016

More Information
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Publications:
Kenaolg Package Insert. July 2014; Available from: http://packageinserts.bms.com/pi/pi_kenalog-40.pdf.
Ketorolac: Drug Class and Mechanism. 2014; Available from: http://www.medicinenet.com/ketorolac-oral/article.htm
Ogbru, O. Marcaine - Drug Class and Mechanism. 6/27/2014; Available from: http://www.medicinenet.com/bupivicaine-injection/article.htm.
Kenalog: Drug Summary. Available from: http://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/kenalog-40?druglabelid=2494
Hawker, G.A., et al. Measures of Adult Pain. 2011; Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acr.20543/pdf

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Responsible Party: Michael Khazzam, ASSOC PROFESSOR -Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04115644    
Other Study ID Numbers: STU 092014-097
First Posted: October 4, 2019    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: April 22, 2022
Last Update Posted: April 22, 2022
Last Verified: March 2022
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD: No
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Tendinopathy
Rotator Cuff Injuries
Rupture
Wounds and Injuries
Shoulder Injuries
Tendon Injuries
Muscular Diseases
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Triamcinolone hexacetonide
Ketorolac
Bupivacaine
Triamcinolone diacetate
Anesthetics, Local
 Anesthetics
Central Nervous System Depressants
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Sensory System Agents
Peripheral Nervous System Agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Glucocorticoids
Hormones
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunologic Factors
Enzyme Inhibitors
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic