A Study to Determine the Bioequivalence of Oraxol in Cancer Patients Treated With Intravenous Paclitaxel

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04035473
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: July 29, 2019
• Results First Posted: April 13, 2022
• Last Update Posted: April 13, 2022
• Sponsor: Athenex, Inc.
• Collaborators: PharmaEssentia; Zenith Technology Corporation Limited
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Athenex, Inc.

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This is a multicenter, open-label, 2-stage study with a 2-treatment period crossover design. Eligible participants are adults with cancer for whom weekly therapy with IV paclitaxel at a dose of 80 mg/m2 over 1 hour is indicated.

Stage 1 will consist of an initial cohort (Cohort 1) up to 6 evaluable participants who will receive a dosing regimen of Oraxol consisting of a 15-mg oral HM30181AK-US tablet plus an oral paclitaxel dose of 205 mg/m2, both administered once daily for 3 consecutive days. The stages and cohorts are further described in the "Study Design - Stages and Cohorts" table below. An interim analysis of pharmacokinetic (PK) data from Cohort 1 will be conducted to determine if the administered regimen would appear likely to achieve bioequivalence(BE) (AUC0-∞), if tested in a greater number of participants in Stage 2. If it appears unlikely that the selected regimen will meet the criteria for BE based on AUC0-∞ data, a second cohort (Cohort 2) of up to 6 evaluable participants may be enrolled in Stage 1, and the dose of paclitaxel in Oraxol may be adjusted by a maximum of +/- 25%. If Cohort 2 is enrolled, a second interim analysis will be conducted.

After the interim analysis/analyses (depending on the outcomes), a decision will be made by consensus of the Data Safety and Monitoring Board(DSMB), Kinex, Zenith Technology, and the Principal Investigator as to what dose should be administered in Stage 2. The DSMB will consist of a clinical oncologist, an ethicist, an independent statistician, and additional members, as deemed necessary. A DSMB charter will describe the planned evaluations and decision points used to determine the dose for Stage 2. An additional 18 to 42 evaluable participants will be enrolled into Stage 2 based on the Stage 1 results (AUC0-∞). Thus a total of up to 54 evaluable participants could potentially be enrolled in this study (6 each from Stage 1, Cohorts 1 and 2, and up to 42 participants in Stage 2).

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Solid Tumor	Drug: HM30181 methanesulfonate monohydrate plus oral paclitaxel capsules	Phase 1

Detailed Description:

Stage 1 will consist of an initial cohort (Cohort 1) up to 6 evaluable participants who will receive a dosing regimen of Oraxol consisting of a 15-mg oral HM30181AK-US tablet plus an oral paclitaxel dose of 205 mg/m2, both administered once daily for 3 consecutive days. The stages and cohorts are further described in the "Study Design - Stages and Cohorts" table below. An interim analysis of pharmacokinetic (PK) data from Cohort 1 will be conducted to determine if the administered regimen would appear likely to achieve bioequivalence (BE) (AUC0-∞), if tested in a greater number of participants in Stage 2. If it appears unlikely that the selected regimen will meet the criteria for BE based on AUC0-∞ data, a second cohort (Cohort 2) of up to 6 evaluable participants may be enrolled in Stage 1, and the dose of paclitaxel in Oraxol may be adjusted by a maximum of +/- 25%. If Cohort 2 is enrolled, a second interim analysis will be conducted.

After the interim analysis/analyses (depending on the outcomes), a decision will be made by consensus of the Data Safety and Monitoring Board(DSMB), Kinex, Zenith Technology, and the Principal Investigator as to what dose should be administered in Stage 2. The DSMB will consist of a clinical oncologist, an ethicist, an independent statistician, and additional members, as deemed necessary. A DSMB charter will describe the planned evaluations and decision points used to determine the dose for Stage 2. An additional 18 to 42 evaluable participants will be enrolled into Stage 2 based on the Stage 1 results (AUC0-∞). Thus a total of up to 54 evaluable participants could potentially be enrolled in this study (6 each from Stage 1, Cohorts 1 and 2, and up to 42 participants in Stage 2).

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 42 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: A Randomized Crossover Study to Determine the Bioequivalence of Three Consecutive Daily Doses of Oraxol in Cancer Patients Treated With Intravenous Paclitaxel
• Actual Study Start Date: August 1, 2015
• Actual Primary Completion Date: March 27, 2019
• Actual Study Completion Date: March 27, 2019

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: Sequence A (Oraxol, IV paclitaxel); The treatment sequences will be: A Oraxol (paclitaxel + HM30181) on Days 1, 2, and 3 of Treatment Period 1 followed by IV paclitaxel on Day 1 of Treatment Period 2 B IV paclitaxel on Day 1 of Treatment Period 1 followed by Oraxol on Days 1, 2, and 3 of Treatment Period 2	Drug: HM30181 methanesulfonate monohydrate plus oral paclitaxel capsules; HM30181 methanesulfonate monohydrate plus oral paclitaxel capsules Oral paclitaxel capsules; Other Name: ORAXOL
Active Comparator: Sequence B (IV paclitaxel, Oraxol); The treatment sequences will be: A IV paclitaxel on Day 1 of Treatment Period 1 followed by Oraxol on Days 1, 2, and 3 of Treatment Period 2 B Oraxol (paclitaxel + HM30181) on Days 1, 2, and 3 of Treatment Period 1 followed by IV paclitaxel on Day 1 of Treatment Period 2	Drug: HM30181 methanesulfonate monohydrate plus oral paclitaxel capsules; HM30181 methanesulfonate monohydrate plus oral paclitaxel capsules Oral paclitaxel capsules; Other Name: ORAXOL

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve Zero Time Extrapolated to Infinite Time (AUC0-∞) [ Time Frame: Pharmacokinetic Sampling for IV Paclitaxel - Predose to 96 hours after infusion (Day 1-5). Pharmacokinetic Sampling for Oraxol- predose of Day1 to 144 hours after third dose of day 3 (Day 1-9) ]

   Paclitaxel plasma concentrations were normalized to 615 mg/m2 for Oraxol and 80 mg/m2 for IV paclitaxel.

   Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were based on normalized plasma concentrations. Plasma concentrations for paclitaxel were analyzed to determine AUC0-∞ by noncompartmental analysis using plasma concentration-time data for oral and IV paclitaxel

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Maximum Observed Concentration (Cmax) [ Time Frame: Pharmacokinetic Sampling for IV Paclitaxel - Predose to 96 hours after infusion (Day 1-5). Pharmacokinetic Sampling for Oraxol- predose of Day1 to 144 hours after third dose of day 3 (Day 1-9) ]

   Paclitaxel plasma concentrations were normalized to 615 mg/m2 for Oraxol and 80 mg/m2 for IV paclitaxel.

   Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were based on normalized plasma concentrations. Plasma concentrations for paclitaxel were analyzed to determine Cmax by noncompartmental analysis using plasma concentration-time data for oral and IV paclitaxel

2. Area Under the Concentration-time Curve From Time 0 to Time of Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUC0-t) [ Time Frame: Pharmacokinetic Sampling for IV Paclitaxel - Predose to 96 hours after infusion (Day 1-5). Pharmacokinetic Sampling for Oraxol- predose of Day1 to 144 hours after third dose of day 3 (Day 1-9) ]

   Paclitaxel plasma concentrations were normalized to 615 mg/m2 for Oraxol and 80 mg/m2 for IV paclitaxel.

   Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were based on normalized plasma concentrations. Plasma concentrations for paclitaxel were analyzed to determine AUC0-t by noncompartmental analysis using plasma concentration-time data for oral and IV paclitaxel

3. Time at Which the Highest Drug Concentration Occurs (Tmax) [ Time Frame: Pharmacokinetic Sampling for IV Paclitaxel - Predose to 96 hours after infusion (Day 1-5). Pharmacokinetic Sampling for Oraxol- predose of Day1 to 144 hours after third dose of day 3 (Day 1-9) ]

   Paclitaxel plasma concentrations were normalized to 615 mg/m2 for Oraxol and 80 mg/m2 for IV paclitaxel.

   Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were based on normalized plasma concentrations. Plasma concentrations for paclitaxel were analyzed to determine Tmax by noncompartmental analysis using plasma concentration-time data for oral and IV paclitaxel

4. Terminal Elimination Phase Half-life (t½) [ Time Frame: Pharmacokinetic Sampling for IV Paclitaxel - Predose to 96 hours after infusion (Day 1-5). Pharmacokinetic Sampling for Oraxol- predose of Day1 to 144 hours after third dose of day 3 (Day 1-9) ]

   Paclitaxel plasma concentrations were normalized to 615 mg/m2 for Oraxol and 80 mg/m2 for IV paclitaxel.

   Pharmacokinetic and statistical analyses were based on normalized plasma concentrations. Plasma concentrations for paclitaxel were analyzed to determine t½ by noncompartmental analysis using plasma concentration-time data for oral and IV paclitaxel

5. Safety and Tolerability of Oraxol Compared With IV Paclitaxel [ Time Frame: From screening until final visit (within 28 days after the last dose of study drug was taken, and preferably before the participant receives any additional chemotherapy) ]
   Safety was assessed by recording all adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs), including CTCAE grades (version 4.03); recording concomitant medications; clinical laboratory testing (including hematology, biochemistry, and urinalysis); measurement of vital signs (pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respiratory rate, and body temperature), weight, and body surface area (BSA); performance of electrocardiograms (ECGs); assessment of ECOG performance status; and performance of physical examinations

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Signed written informed consent
2. Males and females ≥18 years of age on day of consent
3. Cancer patients for whom treatment with IV paclitaxel at 80 mg/m2has been recommended by their oncologist, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents

4. Adequate hematologic status at Screening/Baseline:

   • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5 x 109/L
   • Platelet count ≥100 x 109/L
   • Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥90 g/L

5. Adequate liver function at Screening/Baseline as demonstrated by:

   • Total bilirubin of ≤20 μmol/L or ≤30 μmol/L for participants with liver metastasis
   • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤3 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or ≤5 x ULN if liver metastasis is present
   • Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤3 x ULN or ≤5 x ULN if liver or bone metastasis are present
   • ALP >5 x ULN if liver or bone metastasis are present and the major fraction of ALP is from bone metastasis, at the discretion of the Investigator
   • Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) <10 x ULN
6. Adequate renal function at Screening/Baseline as demonstrated by serum creatinine ≤177 μmol/L or creatinine clearance >50 mL/min as calculated by the Cockcroft and Gault formula
7. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 16
8. Life expectancy of at least 3 months
9. Willing to fast for 8 hours before and 4 hours after Oraxol administration
10. Willing to abstain from alcohol consumption for 3 days before the first dose of study drug through the completion of protocol-specified PK sampling in Treatment Period 2
11. Willing to refrain from caffeine consumption for 12 hours before each treatment period through the completion of protocol-specified PK sampling for that dose
12. Women must be postmenopausal (>12 months without menses) or surgically sterile (ie, by hysterectomy and/or bilateral oophorectomy) or, if sexually active, must be using effective contraception (ie, oral contraceptives, intrauterine device, double barrier method of condom and spermicide) and agree to continue use of contraception for the duration of their participation in the study. Women of childbearing potential must agree to use contraception for 30 days after their last dose of study drug.
13. Sexually active male participants must use a barrier method of contraception during the study and agree to continue the use of male contraception for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Currently taking a prohibited concomitant medication:

   • Strong inhibitors (eg, ketoconazole) or strong inducers (eg, rifampin or St. John's Wort) of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 (within 2 weeks prior to the start of dosing in the study)
   • Strong inhibitors (eg, gemfibrozil) or strong inducers (eg, rifampin) of CYP2C8 (within 2 weeks prior to the start of dosing in the study)
   • Known P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors or inducers. Participants who are taking such medications but who are otherwise eligible may be enrolled if they discontinue the medication ≥1 week before dosing and remain off that medication through the end of PK sampling after the administration of the second study treatment.
   • An oral medication with a narrow therapeutic index known to be a P-gp substrate (eg, digoxin, dabigatran) within 24 hours prior to start of dosing in the study
2. Use of warfarin. Participants receiving warfarin who are otherwise eligible and who may be appropriately managed with low molecular weight heparin, in the opinion of the Investigator, may be enrolled in the study provided they are switched to low molecular weight heparin at least 7 days prior to receiving study treatment.
3. Unresolved toxicity from prior chemotherapy (participants must have recovered all significant toxicity to ≤ Grade 1 CTCAE toxicity1 from previous anticancer treatments or previous investigational agents). This does not extend to symptoms or findings that are attributable to the underlying disease
4. Received investigational agents within 14 days or 5 half-lives prior to the first study dosing day, whichever is longer
5. Women of childbearing potential who are pregnant or breastfeeding
6. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, clinically significant myocardial infarction within the last 6 months, unstable angina pectoris, clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia, bleeding disorder, chronic pulmonary disease requiring oxygen, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
7. Major surgery to the upper GI tract, or have a history of GI disease or other medical condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator may interfere with oral drug absorption
8. A known history of allergy to paclitaxel. Participants whose allergy was due to the IV solvent (such as Cremophor®) and not paclitaxel will be eligible for this study.
9. Any other condition which the Investigator believes would make a subject's participation in the study not acceptable

Contacts and Locations

Locations

Australia

Monash Medical Centre

Melbourne, Australia

New Zealand

Auckland City Hospital

Auckland, New Zealand

Dunedin Hospital

Dunedin, New Zealand, 9016

Wellington Regional Hospital

Wellington, New Zealand

Taiwan

Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital

Ilan, Taiwan

Shuang Ho hospital

New Taipei City, Taiwan

Tri-Service General Hospital

Taipei, Taiwan

Sponsors and Collaborators

Athenex, Inc.

PharmaEssentia

Zenith Technology Corporation Limited

Investigators

• Study Director: David Cutler, MD; Athenex, Inc.

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Athenex, Inc.:

Study Protocol  [PDF] November 9, 2017

Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] September 17, 2019

More Information

• Responsible Party: Athenex, Inc.
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04035473
• Other Study ID Numbers: KX-ORAX-002
• First Posted: July 29, 2019
• Results First Posted: April 13, 2022
• Last Update Posted: April 13, 2022
• Last Verified: February 2022

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Paclitaxel; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Antineoplastic Agents; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action