Fluorescence Endoscopy of Esophageal Carcinoma (ORCA)
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03558724 |
Recruitment Status :
Terminated
(Dose-escalation was finished, but no clear correlation between fluorescence and tumor grade was established)
First Posted : June 15, 2018
Last Update Posted : November 7, 2022
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For locally advanced esophageal cancer (EC), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for 5 weeks followed by esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy, if necessary, is standard of care. It is reported that the pathological complete response (pCR) rate after nCRT ranges from 16% to 43%, with a median of 26.5%. According to current clinical guidelines, patients who achieved pCR still go for surgery even though those patients who achieved pCR may not benefit from surgery. Besides, about 50% of EC patients may have post-operative complications including pneumonia, anastomotic leakage, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, which lead to low health-related quality of life (HQoL).
The golden standard to test the pathological response is by pathological assessment of the surgical specimen and thus after surgery. Theoretically, if pCR after nCRT can be predicted accurately before surgery by advanced imaging techniques, patients could have a wait-and-see. The wait-and-see procedure includes regular follow-up and salvage surgery if recurrence is present. Therefore, molecular fluorescence endoscopy (FME) using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) tracer bevacizumab-800CW targeting vascular endothelial growth factor combined with high-definition white light (HD-WL) endoscopy is expected to be a promising technique to monitor pCR and fill the gap.
Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
Esophageal Cancer | Drug: Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW Device: Molecular Fluorescence Endoscopy platform | Phase 1 |
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 25 participants |
Allocation: | Non-Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Single Group Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Diagnostic |
Official Title: | Fluorescence Molecular Endoscopy of Locally Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma Using Bevacizumab-800CW to Evaluate Dose Response After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: a Single-center Feasibility Study. |
Actual Study Start Date : | October 29, 2018 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | October 11, 2022 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | October 11, 2022 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
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Experimental: NIR endoscopy with 4.5 mg bevacizumab-800CW
A non-randomized, non-blinded, prospective, feasibility study.
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Drug: Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW
Intravenous administration of 4.5, 10 or 25 mg of Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW prior to the endoscopic procedure
Other Name: Tracer administration Device: Molecular Fluorescence Endoscopy platform A flexible fluorescence fiber-bundle is attached to a fluorescence camera platform to enable the detection of fluorescence signals. The fluorescence fiber-probe is inserted through the standard working channel of the standard clinical endoscope. Fluorescence imaging will be performed prior to and post the chemoradiotherapy.
Other Name: Fluorescence Endoscopy |
Experimental: NIR endoscopy with 10 mg bevacizumab-800CW
A non-randomized, non-blinded, prospective, feasibility study.
|
Drug: Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW
Intravenous administration of 4.5, 10 or 25 mg of Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW prior to the endoscopic procedure
Other Name: Tracer administration Device: Molecular Fluorescence Endoscopy platform A flexible fluorescence fiber-bundle is attached to a fluorescence camera platform to enable the detection of fluorescence signals. The fluorescence fiber-probe is inserted through the standard working channel of the standard clinical endoscope. Fluorescence imaging will be performed prior to and post the chemoradiotherapy.
Other Name: Fluorescence Endoscopy |
Experimental: NIR endoscopy with 25 mg bevacizumab-800CW
A non-randomized, non-blinded, prospective, feasibility study.
|
Drug: Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW
Intravenous administration of 4.5, 10 or 25 mg of Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW prior to the endoscopic procedure
Other Name: Tracer administration Device: Molecular Fluorescence Endoscopy platform A flexible fluorescence fiber-bundle is attached to a fluorescence camera platform to enable the detection of fluorescence signals. The fluorescence fiber-probe is inserted through the standard working channel of the standard clinical endoscope. Fluorescence imaging will be performed prior to and post the chemoradiotherapy.
Other Name: Fluorescence Endoscopy |
- Discrimination of tumorous and non-tumorous tissue based on in vivo and ex vivo fluorescence measurements from bevacizumab-800CW gained during fluorescence endoscopy procedure [ Time Frame: Three days after tracer injection ]To determine the sensitivity of the marker bevacizumab-800CW in discriminating between tumorous and non-tumorous tissue prior to and post neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, to identify patients who benefit from the chemoradiotherapy.
- Safety of bevacizumab-800CW administration by monitoring vital signs and/or (serious) adverse events. [ Time Frame: Up to 14 days after tracer injection ]Monitoring vital signs (blood pressure, heart frequency and temperature) and/or (serious) adverse events that are related to the administration of bevacizumab-800CW
- The correlation of in vivo and ex vivo fluorescent signals to histopathological analysis results [ Time Frame: Up to 1,5 year ]Correlate the H/E images to the fluorescent images made with multiple ex vivo imaging modalities.
- Quantification of the fluorescent signal by MDSFR/SFF spectroscopy [ Time Frame: Up to 1,5 year ]Multi-diameter single-fiber reflectance with single-fiber fluorescence (MDSFR/SFF) spectroscopy can measure the fluorescence signal quantitatively, both in vivo and ex vivo.
- To localization and distribution of bevacizumab-800CW fluorescent signal at cell level observed in vivo by confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) [ Time Frame: Up to 1,5 year ]CLE is a confocal laser endomicroscopy system which enables in vivo microscopic images of the tissue
- Assessment of the (sub)-cellular distribution of bevacizumab-800CW by ex vivo fluorescence microscopy [ Time Frame: Up to 1,5 year ]Imaging of the distribution of bevacizumab-800CW with a fluorescence microscoop.
- The variation in fluorescence intensity between fluorescence molecular endoscopy before and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy defined as the tumor to background ratio and intrinsic fluorescence. [ Time Frame: Up to 1,5 year ]Both the images and specific measurements are used to calculate the fluorescence intensity (TBR & intrinsic fluorescence) and a difference between the before and after intensity is calculated.

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Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Locally advanced esophageal carcinoma (cT1b-4a N0-3 M0) in multi-disciplinary esophageal oncology meeting agreed on long course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, followed by esophagectomy;
- Age ≥ 18 years;
- Written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with psychological diseases or medical issues who are not able to sign informed consent form;
- Concurrent uncontrolled medical conditions;
- Pregnancy or breast feeding. A negative pregnancy test must be available for women of childbearing potential (i.e. premenopausal women with intact reproductive organs and women less than two years after menopause);
- Irradical endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of primary tumor prior to start of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
- Received a different investigational drug within 30 days prior to the dose of bevacizumab-800CW;
- History of infusion reactions to bevacizumab or other monoclonal antibodies;

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT03558724
Netherlands | |
University Medical Center Groningen | |
Groningen, Netherlands, 9713 GZ |
Principal Investigator: | W. B. Nagengast, MD, PhD, PharmD | University Medical Center Groningen | |
Principal Investigator: | G. M. van Dam, MD, PhD | University Medical Center Groningen |
Responsible Party: | dr. W.B. Nagengast, MD, Principal investigator, University Medical Center Groningen |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT03558724 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
NL65856.042.18 |
First Posted: | June 15, 2018 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | November 7, 2022 |
Last Verified: | November 2022 |
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: | |
Plan to Share IPD: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: | No |
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: | No |
Fluorescence Endoscopy Bevacizumab-800CW Locally advanced esophageal cancer |
Esophageal Neoplasms Neoplasms Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Digestive System Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Head and Neck Neoplasms Digestive System Diseases Esophageal Diseases Gastrointestinal Diseases |
Bevacizumab Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological Antineoplastic Agents Angiogenesis Inhibitors Angiogenesis Modulating Agents Growth Substances Physiological Effects of Drugs Growth Inhibitors |