Prediction of the Response to Anti-TNFs DMARDs Based on the RheumaKit ® Platform (RK-Tx-01)

Primary Outcome Measures:

• Ability of a score [ Time Frame: Up to 12 months ]
  To show the ability of a score, computed prior to treatment initiation, to be predictive of the individual anti-TNF response. The score is based on the RheumaKit transcriptomic profiles from a set of small synovial biopsies from a given joint also harvested before anti-TNF treatment initiation.
  
  

Secondary Outcome Measures:

• Identify additional/alternative mappings [ Time Frame: Up to 12 months ]
  To identify additional/alternative mappings between components of gene expression profiles obtained via the RheumaKit assay (extended, and possibly combined to clinical and biological information) and efficacy of anti-TNFs biological DMARDs.
  
  
• Validate the sample logistics at an international scale. [ Time Frame: Up to 12 months ]
  To validate the feasibility of the implementation of a molecular biology test in rheumatology based on synovial tissue at an international scale. This covers both logistics and patient agreeableness aspects.
  
  

The current standard therapeutic strategy for RA patients is to initiate a DMARDs therapy, (e.g. MTX) with serious side effects. This also applies to some PSO or SNSA patients. MTX is however inefficient in about 40% of the cases. Other treatments (biological DMARDs) must thus be initiated, which have an overall similar effectiveness and side effects and an higher cost (around 13kEUR/year/patient). Therapeutic choices are based on symptoms and blood tests including markers of inflammation which are inadequate to predict disease evolution and response to treatments. Improving RA management requires to improve the adequacy of the therapeutic strategies. The earlier the disease is correctly addressed, the more likely its progression and irreversible damages to the joints will be limited. DNAlytics recently developed RheumaKit a differential diagnostic solution for UA patients. UA is a condition in which joint inflammation is present, but a precise diagnosis cannot be made, due to the lack of sensitivity of presently available diagnostic techniques. RheumaKit is a multi-gene expression solution that discriminates RA from other joint conditions. A diagnostic model train to identify patients suffering from RA, SNSA or OA. RheumaKit diagnostic accuracy is higher than 90%, a performance that is better than any other diagnostic solution designed until now, including the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for the diagnosis of RA. See working principle below. Beyond diagnosis, DNAlytics wants to make RheumaKit evolve towards treatment recommendation applications (theranostic applications) for patients eligible for biological DMARDs. On one hand, the diseases of these patients have been more and more described in terms of the activity of several metabolic pathways (T & B cells activation, Extra cellular matrix, Inteferon, TNF). On the other hand, the existing treatments also have been more and more described in terms of the pathways they target. The RheumaKit signature contains many markers that are representative of these pathways of interest. RheumaKit thus now provides a snapshot of the activity of seven metabolic pathways known from literature to be related to diseases mechanisms, or to be target of existing treatments. In this study, DNAlytics wants to show that based on a score defined on the RheumaKit platform, the response or non- response to anti-TNFs, representing the largest category of biological DMARDs, can be predicted before treatment initiation.