Predischarge Initiation of Ivabradine in the Management of Heart Failure (PRIME-HF) (PRIME-HF)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02827500
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: July 11, 2016
• Results First Posted: October 1, 2019
• Last Update Posted: October 1, 2019
• Sponsor: Duke University
• Collaborator: Amgen
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Duke University

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The PRIME-HF study is a multi-center, patient-level, randomized, open-label study of approximately 450 patients with reduced (left ventricular ejection fraction) LVEF of ≤ 35% and heart-rate ≥70 beats per minute (bpm) who are being discharged from the hospital following stabilization from acute heart failure (HF)(primary or secondary) and will be randomized to a treatment strategy of predischarge initiation of ivabradine or usual care.

All participants should have a follow-up visit within 7-14 days of hospital discharge. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure will be assessed at this clinical visit. For participants randomized to predischarge initiation of ivabradine and on ivabradine 5mg BID, the heart rate may be used to adjust the dose the dose to 2.5mg BID or 7.5mg BID. For participants randomized to usual care, ivabradine may be initiated at the provider's discretion. All participants will have a second follow-up study visit 6 weeks (42 +/- 14 days) post-discharge. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and quality of life (KCCQ and PGA) will be assessed. For participants already taking ivabradine in either treatment group, the heart rate may again be used to adjust the dose of ivabradine. For participants not yet receiving ivabradine, it may be initiated at the provider's discretion. All participants will receive a 90 (+/-7) day post-discharge phone call by site to assess for event status and tolerability of ivabradine. All participants will have a final study visit at 180 (+/-14) days post-discharge. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and quality of life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and Patient Global Assessment) will be assessed. The attending physician may initiate ivabradine per usual care clinical practice.

The primary hypothesis of the PRIME-HF study is that, compared with usual care, a treatment strategy of initiation of ivabradine prior to discharge for a hospitalization with acute HF will be associated with a greater proportion of participants using ivabradine at 180 days. Secondary objectives are to assess the impact of predischarge initiation of ivabradine on:Heart Rate (Change in heart rate from baseline to 180 days and Median heart rate at 180 days) and Patient-Centered Outcomes (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and Patient Global Assessment (PGA)). Tertiary objectives will be to explore the impact of predischarge initiation of ivabradine on other assessments of evidence-based implementation of ivabradine and beta-blockers at 180 days. Evaluations will incorporate data based on whether or not indication status was retained and whether or not an ivabradine prescription was provided. Tolerability of ivabradine and adverse events during study follow-up.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Heart Failure	Drug: ivabradine; Other: Usual Care	Phase 4

Detailed Description:

• Purpose of the study The primary hypothesis of the PRIME-HF study is that, compared with usual care, a treatment strategy of initiation of ivabradine prior to discharge for a hospitalization with acute HF (primary or secondary) will be associated with a greater proportion of participants using ivabradine at 180 days. Secondary objectives are to assess the impact of predischarge initiation of ivabradine on:Heart Rate (Change in heart rate from baseline to 180 days and Median heart rate at 180 days) and Patient-Centered Outcomes (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and Patient Global Assessment (PGA)). Tertiary objectives will be to explore the impact of predischarge initiation of ivabradine on other assessments of evidence-based implementation of ivabradine and beta-blockers at 180 days. Evaluations will incorporate data based on whether or not indication status was retained and whether or not an ivabradine prescription was provided. Tolerability of ivabradine and adverse events during study follow-up will be assessed. Barriers to acquisition of ivabradine will be explored.
• Background & significance Heart failure is a major public health issue. More than 5 million Americans have HF and the prevalence is expected to increase as the population ages and survival from coronary, hypertensive, and valvular heart disease improves. Data from randomized clinical trials have established the efficacy of a number of medical and device therapies for patients with chronic Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but patient outcomes remain poor, especially after a hospitalization for heart failure. The 1-year mortality rate after a HF hospitalization is 20-30%, and this number has been relatively unchanged over the past decade. These data suggest that there is an unmet need for novel treatment strategies and supports the assessment of new approaches in the post-acute HF setting.

There is also wide variation in the implementation of clinical trial evidence into routine practice. Previous data highlight a multi-year gap between the generation of new evidence through clinical trials and the adoption of the data into routine clinical practice. This gap in care translates into many unnecessary deaths and hospitalizations each year for patients with HFrEF. While there are multiple reasons for this quality gap, clinical inertia has most often been noted as a major barrier. Ivabradine have been approved for use in Europe for several years for patients with symptomatic chronic HFrEF (LVEF <35%) and a heart rate >75 bpm on guideline-directed medical therapy (or intolerance/contra-indication to beta-blocker use). Ivabradine was recently approved for use in the United States. However, no US data exist regarding the potential adoption of ivabradine into routine clinical care.

Since ivabradine is a newly approved drug, this study also serves as a strategy trial to challenge study sites to explore drug acquisition for a drug that has been proven efficacious to the heart failure population and has been added to 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines, however, has not been adopted rapidly into clinical practice. Ivabradine is not being provided for this study. Data are being captured to assess the number of subjects who were able to obtain ivabradine pre and post discharge as well as the barriers to acquisition.

Previous data for patients with HFrEF suggest that the hospital setting may provide a unique opportunity for patients to initiate guideline-directed medical therapy. In the Initiation Management Predischarge: Process for Assessment of Carvedilol Therapy in HF (IMPACT-HF) study, patients with an LVEF<40% hospitalized for HF that were started on carvedilol prior to hospital discharge were more likely to be on a beta-blocker at 60 days post-randomization compared to those receiving usual care. These improvements in care were achieved without increasing side effects or index hospitalization length of stay. Similar to beta-blockers and other medical therapies for HF, ivabradine was initially studied in patients with chronic HF. The initiation of ivabradine specifically in patients following stabilization for acute HF has not been evaluated.

• Design & procedures The PRIME-HF study is a multi-center, patient-level, randomized, open-label study of approximately 450 patients with reduced LVEF of ≤35% and heart-rate ≥70 bpm who are being discharged from the hospital following stabilization from acute HF and will be randomized to a treatment strategy of predischarge initiation of ivabradine or usual care.

All participants should have a follow-up visit within 7-14 days of hospital discharge. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure will be assessed at this clinical visit. For participants randomized to predischarge initiation of ivabradine and on ivabradine 5mg BID, the heart rate may be used to adjust the dose the dose to 2.5mg BID or 7.5mg BID. For participants randomized to usual care, ivabradine may be initiated at the provider's discretion. All participants will have a second follow-up study visit 6 weeks (42 +/- 14 days) post-discharge. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and quality of life (KCCQ and PGA) will be assessed. For participants already taking ivabradine in either treatment group, the heart rate may again be used to adjust the dose of ivabradine. For participants not yet receiving ivabradine, it may be initiated at the provider's discretion. All participants will receive a 90 (+/-7) day post-discharge phone call by site to assess for event status and tolerability of ivabradine. All participants will have a final study visit at 180 (+/-14) days post-discharge. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and quality of life (KCCQ and PGA) will be assessed. The attending physician may initiate ivabradine per usual care clinical practice.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 104 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Predischarge Initiation of Ivabradine in the Management of Heart Failure (PRIME-HF)
• Study Start Date: July 2016
• Actual Primary Completion Date: October 15, 2018
• Actual Study Completion Date: October 15, 2018

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: ivabradine; Active Comparator: ivabradine	Drug: ivabradine; Active Comparator: ivabradine; Other Name: Corlanor
Placebo Comparator: usual care; Placebo Comparator: usual care	Other: Usual Care; Placebo Comparator: usual care

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Number of Participants Taking Ivabradine at 180 Days [ Time Frame: 180 days ]

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Change in Heart Rate [ Time Frame: baseline,180 days ]
   Change from baseline is calculated as 180 days - baseline results. Heart rate results are obtained from vital sign assessment when available otherwise results from ECG assessment are used.
2. Heart Rate at 180 Days [ Time Frame: 180 days ]
   Heart rate results are obtained from vital sign assessment when available otherwise results from ECG assessment are used from day 180.
3. Number of Patients With Heart Rate <70 Bpm at 180 Days [ Time Frame: 180 days ]
4. Changes in Symptoms and Quality of Life as Measured by Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) Overall Summary Score [ Time Frame: baseline, 180 days ]
   Change from baseline is calculated as 180 day - baseline results. Scores range 0-100, where a higher score indicates a better outcome.
5. Changes in Symptoms and Quality of Life as Measured by Patient Global Assessment (PGA) [ Time Frame: baseline, 180 days ]
   Change from baseline is calculated as 180 day - baseline results. Scores range 0-100, where a higher score indicates a worse outcome.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Hospitalized with acute HF (primary or secondary diagnosis) based on clinician assessment
2. A prior clinical diagnosis of HF (i.e., not a new diagnosis of heart failure during the current hospitalization)
3. Most recent LVEF ≤ 35% and within 6 months of randomization or LVEF ≤ 25% within 12 months of randomization

4. On optimal guideline-directed medical therapy for HFrEF (or previously deemed intolerant) as determined by the clinician including ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists or neprilysin inhibition, aldosterone receptor antagonists, and maximally-tolerated doses of beta-blockers at the time of current evaluation (which may differ from long-term targets)

   • Maximally-tolerated doses of beta-blockers will be defined by the treating physician when considering aspects such as current dose relative to the target dose used in clinical trials, patient heart rate and blood pressure, and patient symptoms
   • Patients with intolerance or contraindication to beta-blocker use are eligible for enrollment (details will be documented in the case report form)
5. Age >18 years
6. Willingness to provide informed consent from the subject (or their guardian or legally authorized representative [LAR])

7. On the day of planned randomization, all participants:

   • Must be in sinus rhythm with a resting heart rate >70 bpm as measured on ECG or 10-second rhythm strip
   • Must have a blood pressure of >90/50 mm Hg

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Documented plan for uptitration of beta-blocker in the following 4 weeks
2. Permanent atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter
3. Patients with recent atrial fibrillation or flutter defined by either precipitating the current HF hospitalization or occurring during the current HF hospitalization
4. History of untreated sick sinus syndrome, sinoatrial block, or second and third degree atrio-ventricular block
5. Pacemaker with atrial or ventricular pacing (except biventricular pacing) >40% of the time
6. Family history or congenital long QT syndrome
7. Recent myocardial infarction (<2 months prior to screening) [troponin elevation secondary to acute HF as determined by the clinician is not an exclusion]
8. Acute or chronic severe liver disease as evidenced by any of the following: encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, INR > 1.7 in the absence of anticoagulation treatment
9. Creatinine clearance <15 mL/min within 48 hours of screening that was not due to acute kidney injury that resolved
10. Planned mechanical circulatory support within 180 days
11. Pregnant or breastfeeding women. Women with child-bearing potential should use effective contraception.
12. Medical conditions likely to lead to poor non-cardiac survival at 180 days (e.g., cancer)
13. Inability to comply with planned study procedures

14. If the following medications are needed at inclusion or during the study:

    • Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (e.g., diltiazem and verapamil)
    • Class I anti-arrhythmics (e.g., quinidine, procainamide, lidocaine, phenytoin)
    • Strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), including some macrolide antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin, erythromycin), cyclosporine, antiretroviral drugs (e.g., ritonavir, nelfinavir), and systemic azole antifungal agents (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole), and nefazodone
    • Inducers of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) including St. John's wort, rifampicin, barbiturates, and phenytoin.
    • Treatments known to be associated with significant prolongation of the QT interval, including sotalol

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Colorado

University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center

Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045

United States, Florida

Holy Cross Hospital

Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States, 33308

United States, Georgia

Athens Regional Medical Center

Athens, Georgia, United States, 30606

University Hospital

Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30901

Tanner Medical Center

Carrollton, Georgia, United States, 30117

United States, Indiana

Midwest Cardiovascular Research

Elkhart, Indiana, United States, 46514

Saint Vincent Medical Group, Inc.

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46260

United States, Michigan

Great Lakes Heart Center of Alpena

Alpena, Michigan, United States, 49707

United States, Missouri

Washington University School of Medicine

Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110

United States, New York

Montefiore Medical Center

Bronx, New York, United States, 10467

New York Methodist Hospital

Brooklyn, New York, United States, 11215

Mount Sinai Medical Center

New York, New York, United States, 10029-6574

United States, North Carolina

Duke University

Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27705

United States, Ohio

University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center

Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106

Ohio State University- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute

Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210

United States, Tennessee

Stern Cardiovascular Foundation

Germantown, Tennessee, United States, 38138

United States, Texas

Baylor University Medical Center

Dallas, Texas, United States, 75226

William Beaumont Army Medical Center

El Paso, Texas, United States, 79912

United States, Virginia

Sentara Norfolk General Hospital

Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 23507

United States, Wisconsin

Gundersen Lutheran Medical Center

La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States, 54601

Sponsors and Collaborators

Duke University

Amgen

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Robert Mentz, MD; Duke Clinical Research Institute

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Duke University:

Study Protocol  [PDF] July 19, 2017

Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] January 11, 2019

More Information

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Mentz RJ, DeVore AD, Tasissa G, Heitner JF, Pina IL, Lala A, Cole RT, Lanfear DD, Patel CB, Ginwalla M, Old W, Salacata AS, Bigelow R, Fonarow GC, Hernandez AF. PredischaRge initiation of Ivabradine in the ManagEment of Heart Failure: Results of the PRIME-HF Trial. Am Heart J. 2020 May;223:98-105. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2019.12.024. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

• Responsible Party: Duke University
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02827500
• Other Study ID Numbers: Pro00071309
• First Posted: July 11, 2016
• Results First Posted: October 1, 2019
• Last Update Posted: October 1, 2019
• Last Verified: September 2019

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Heart Failure; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases