The Vaginal Health Trial

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02516202
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: August 5, 2015
• Results First Posted: July 12, 2018
• Last Update Posted: July 12, 2018
• Sponsor: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
• Collaborators: University of Minnesota; Massachusetts General Hospital; University of California, San Diego; University of Washington; Kaiser Permanente
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Katherine Guthrie, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This is a new application from the Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) Clinical Trials network. Here we propose to conduct a large multicenter trial comparing two common treatments, a vaginal hormone tablet and an over-the-counter gel, with placebo to evaluate their effects on bothersome vaginal symptoms and sexual function, and to create a biorepository of specimens for future translational, mechanistic research on the etiology of vaginal symptoms.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Atrophy of Vagina; Menopause; Dyspareunia (Female)	Drug: Vagifem; Device: Replens; Other: Placebo tablet; Other: Placebo gel	Phase 3

Detailed Description:

The Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) Clinical Trials network was established in 2009. By the end of 2014, the network completed 4 clinical trials testing 7 interventions in approximately 1000 women ages 40-62 with vasomotor (VMS) and other menopause symptoms.

The current trial will evaluate a relatively understudied area of menopause - vaginal health and sexual function. This is a 3-arm, randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial among postmenopausal women ages 45-70.

Our primary aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of ultra-low dose vaginal estradiol (Vagifem 10 mcg), non-hormonal hydrophilic non-prescriptive vaginal gel (Replens) and placebo in reducing the Most Bothersome Symptom (MBS) severity. Choices for MBS include vulvovaginal itching, pain, dryness, irritation, or pain with penetration.

Secondary aims include an evaluation of a composite score of vaginal symptoms, sexual function, treatment satisfaction, menopause quality of life, and objective measures of genitourinary atrophy. We will also create a biorepository of vaginal and blood specimens. In a subset of women, we will examine whether treatment response is related to: a) the post-menopausal vaginal microbiome; b) vaginal mucosal inflammation; and c) reproductive hormone profiles. The in-depth focus on the mechanisms associated with postmenopausal vaginal symptoms will use state of the art microbiologic techniques on longitudinally collected biologic specimens and will guide future translational studies.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 302 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: The Vaginal Health Trial - Effects of Vaginal Estradiol Tablet and Moisturizing Gel on Postmenopausal Vaginal Symptoms
• Actual Study Start Date: April 2016
• Actual Primary Completion Date: May 2017
• Actual Study Completion Date: July 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: Vagifem; One hundred participants will be randomized into the Vagifem® 'active' arm. These women will receive a bottle of Vagifem® tablets (estradiol 10 mcg). One tablet is to be inserted vaginally daily for 2 weeks, then 2 days/week for the remaining 10 weeks of the study. Vagifem® tablets contain 10.3 mcg of estradiol hemihydrate equivalent to 10 mcg of estradiol. The excipient (inactive) ingredients are hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, maize starch, and magnesium stearate. Vagifem® comes as a small white film-coated tablet. The coating is made of hypromellose and polyethylene glycol. A placebo gel visually similar to Replens composed of inert hydroxyethylcellulose gel (pH adjusted) applied every 3 days over entire 12 weeks.	Drug: Vagifem; One tablet is to be inserted vaginally daily for 2 weeks, then 2 days/week for the remaining 10 weeks of the study.; Other Name: vaginal estradiol; Other: Placebo gel; Dispensed in visually identical tube and gel form to Replens.
Active Comparator: Replens; One hundred participants will be randomized into the Replens® 'active' arm. These women will receive a tube containing Replens® vaginal gel, with 2.5 gm applied vaginally every 3 days over 12 weeks. Replens® is a bioadhesive polycarbophil-based moisturizing vaginal gel containing; purified water (vehicle humectant), glycerin (moisturizer), mineral oil (as a moisturizer), polycarbophil and carbomer homopolymer type B (allow the product to stick to the vaginal wall), hydrogenated palm oil glyceride (moisturizer), sorbic acid (preservative, antimicrobial), methylparaben, sodium hydroxide (adjusts pH of product so it is suitable for vaginal use). A placebo tablet visually identical to Vagifem® is inserted daily for 2 weeks, then 2 days/week for remaining 10 weeks.	Device: Replens; 2.5 gm to be applied vaginally every 3 days over 12 weeks.; Other Name: non-hormonal hydrophilic non-prescriptive vaginal gel; Other: Placebo tablet; Dispensed in visually identical bottle and tablet form to Vagifem.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; One hundred participants will be randomized into the 'placebo' arm of the study. This arm is comprised of two placebo preparations; placebo tablet and placebo gel applied on the same schedule as 'active' arms. The placebo tablet coating and excipient ingredients will be the same as are used for Vagifem®; the coating is made of hypromellose and polyethylene glycol and the excipient (inactive) ingredients are hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, maize starch, and magnesium stearate. Placebo gel. The product is an inert hydroxyethylcellulose gel (pH adjusted).	Other: Placebo tablet; Dispensed in visually identical bottle and tablet form to Vagifem.; Other: Placebo gel; Dispensed in visually identical tube and gel form to Replens.

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Most Bothersome Symptom (MBS) Severity [ Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12 ]
   Mean change from baseline to 12 weeks in the severity of the MBS on a scale of 0-3, better to worse.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Vaginal Symptoms Index [ Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12 ]

   Mean change from baseline to 12 weeks in composite Vaginal Symptoms Index (VSI).

   The VSI is a Modified Bachman scale measuring vulvovaginal itching, dryness, irritation, soreness, and pain with sexual activity among sexually active women, each rated 0=none to 3=severe, and then averaged for a total score of 0-3.

2. Female Sexual Function Index [ Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12 ]
   Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI); Evaluate dyspareunia, sexual function and distress. A composite score from 2 (not sexually active and no desire) to 36 and 6 domains.
3. Treatment Satisfaction [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
   Likert Scale 0 = no to 10 = complete satisfaction.
4. Patient Benefit Evaluation [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
   Patient Benefit Evaluation: Overall, do you believe that you experienced a meaningful benefit from the study medication? (Yes/No).
5. pH [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
   Objective measures of genitourinary atrophy: pH (<5 or >5) at week 12
6. Vaginal Maturation Index [ Time Frame: Week 12 ]
   Objective Measures of Genitourinary Atrophy: Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI) described by % parabasal, intermediate, and superficial cells (≤ 5% or >5% superficial cells) at week 12

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 45 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Female
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Females aged 45-70 years
• 2 or more years since last natural menstrual period, or surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy)

• At least 1 vaginal symptom (inside or outside the vagina) reported from the following list, experienced in the past 30 days which is moderate or severe:

  • Dryness at least once a week
  • Itching at least once a week
  • Irritation at least once a week
  • Soreness/Pain at least once a week
  • Pain associated with sexual activity at least once
• Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Current unexplained abnormal genital bleeding (or any unevaluated bleeding since menopause)
• Currently pregnant, attempting pregnancy or breast feeding
• Current acute vaginal infection (as indicated by wet mount at V1)
• Pelvic or vaginal surgery in prior 60 days
• Antibiotic use in the past 30 days
• Women under age 55 with endometrial ablation
• Women under age 55 with hysterectomy and at least one ovary
• Current cancer treatment (exception basal or squamous skin cell cancers)
• Current or past thromboembolic disease (pulmonary embolus or deep vein thrombosis, not including thrombophlebitis), myocardial infarction or stroke
• Current severe liver disease
• Current or past breast or endometrial cancer or pre-cancer
• Blood clotting disorder (e.g., Factor V Leiden, prothrombin mutation, protein C, protein or antithrombin deficiency)
• Porphyria
• Current or past lichen sclerosus or lichen planus
• History of adverse reaction to vaginal estrogen or Replens
• Use of any systemic reproductive hormones (hormonal contraception, postmenopausal hormone therapies, SERMS) in the past 2 months
• Use of hormonal contraception in the past year
• Use of any type of vaginal estrogen product (however interested women will be allowed to join the study if they abstain from use during the month preceding enrollment)
• Use of any type of vaginal moisturizer, douche, vaginal prebiotic or probiotic, or soap in the vagina in the past month (however interested women will be allowed to join the study if they abstain from use during the month preceding enrollment)
• Unwilling to abstain from use of any non-study vaginal moisturizer, vaginal estrogen, douche, or soap in the vagina throughout the trial
• Unable to follow instructions, complete questionnaires, or physically unable to place product in the vagina
• Current participation in another drug trial or intervention study
• Chronic vulvo-vaginal symptoms in the 5 years before menopause (defined as a vaginal or vulvar condition requiring more than 4 visits to a health care provider in a given year)

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Minnesota

University of Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455

United States, Washington

Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute

Seattle, Washington, United States, 98101

Sponsors and Collaborators

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

University of Minnesota

Massachusetts General Hospital

University of California, San Diego

University of Washington

Kaiser Permanente

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Katherine A Guthrie, PhD; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
• Principal Investigator: Susan D Reed, MD; University of Washington
• Principal Investigator: Andrea Z LaCroix, PhD; University of California, San Diego
• Principal Investigator: Caroline Mitchell, MD, MPH; Massachusetts General Hospital

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Katherine Guthrie, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center:

Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] November 1, 2016

Informed Consent Form  [PDF] November 1, 2016

More Information

Additional Information:

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center website 

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Mitchell CM, Guthrie KA, Larson J, Diem S, LaCroix AZ, Caan B, Shifren JL, Woods NF, Heiman JR, Lindau ST, Reed SD. Sexual frequency and pain in a randomized clinical trial of vaginal estradiol tablets, moisturizer, and placebo in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2019 Aug;26(8):816-822. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001341.

Diem SJ, Guthrie KA, Mitchell CM, Reed SD, Larson JC, Ensrud KE, LaCroix AZ. Effects of vaginal estradiol tablets and moisturizer on menopause-specific quality of life and mood in healthy postmenopausal women with vaginal symptoms: a randomized clinical trial. Menopause. 2018 Oct;25(10):1086-1093. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001131.

Mitchell CM, Reed SD, Diem S, Larson JC, Newton KM, Ensrud KE, LaCroix AZ, Caan B, Guthrie KA. Efficacy of Vaginal Estradiol or Vaginal Moisturizer vs Placebo for Treating Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 May 1;178(5):681-690. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0116.

• Responsible Party: Katherine Guthrie, Principal Investigator, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02516202
• Other Study ID Numbers: MsFLASH 05; 8378 ( Other Identifier: FHCRC IRB )
• First Posted: August 5, 2015
• Results First Posted: July 12, 2018
• Last Update Posted: July 12, 2018
• Last Verified: June 2018

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

• Plan to Share IPD: Yes
• Plan Description: The MsFLASH Data Coordinating Center will perform the statistical analyses for the primary and secondary study results papers. Within a 12-month period after publication of the main study results, the Data Coordinating Center will prepare datasets for public release that include all data elements in the main publication with certain deletions and recoding to protect study subject confidentiality. The public release datasets will include substantial documentation in electronic form, thus allowing external investigators to independently analyze the data.
• Supporting Materials: Study Protocol; Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP); Informed Consent Form (ICF)

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: Yes

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Dyspareunia; Atrophy; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological; Genital Diseases, Male; Genital Diseases, Female; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological; Mental Disorders; Psyllium; Calcium polycarbophil; Estradiol 3-benzoate; Estradiol 17 beta-cypionate; Estradiol; Polyestradiol phosphate; Estrogens; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Contraceptive Agents; Reproductive Control Agents; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Cathartics; Gastrointestinal Agents; Antidiarrheals