Nivolumab With or Without Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With Refractory Metastatic Anal Canal Cancer
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02314169 |
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Recruitment Status :
Active, not recruiting
First Posted : December 11, 2014
Last Update Posted : May 16, 2023
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Sponsor:
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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Brief Summary:
This phase II trial studies how well nivolumab with or without ipilimumab works in treating patients with anal canal cancer that has not responded to previous treatment (refractory) and that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.
| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastatic Anal Canal Carcinoma Stage IV Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7 | Procedure: Biospecimen Collection Procedure: Computed Tomography Biological: Ipilimumab Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biological: Nivolumab | Phase 2 |
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| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Estimated Enrollment : | 137 participants |
| Allocation: | Randomized |
| Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
| Masking: | None (Open Label) |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | A Multi-Institutional Phase 2 Study of Nivolumab or Nivolumab in Combination With Ipilimumab in Refractory Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal |
| Actual Study Start Date : | May 1, 2015 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date : | February 15, 2024 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date : | February 15, 2024 |
Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine
| Arm | Intervention/treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Part A (nivolumab)
Patients receive nivolumab IV over 60 minutes once every two weeks. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT scan, MRI and blood sample collection throughout the study.
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Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood sample collection
Other Names:
Procedure: Computed Tomography Undergo CT scan
Other Names:
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Undergo MRI
Other Names:
Biological: Nivolumab Given IV
Other Names:
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Experimental: Part B Arm I (nivolumab)
Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes once every 4 weeks. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT scan, MRI and blood sample collection throughout the study.
|
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood sample collection
Other Names:
Procedure: Computed Tomography Undergo CT scan
Other Names:
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Undergo MRI
Other Names:
Biological: Nivolumab Given IV
Other Names:
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Experimental: Part B Arm II (nivolumab, ipilimumab)
Patients receive nivolumab as in Arm I. Patients also receive ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes once every 8 weeks. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT scan, MRI and blood sample collection throughout the study.
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Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood sample collection
Other Names:
Procedure: Computed Tomography Undergo CT scan
Other Names:
Biological: Ipilimumab Given IV
Other Names:
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Undergo MRI
Other Names:
Biological: Nivolumab Given IV
Other Names:
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Primary Outcome Measures :
- Overall response rate: number of participants with response (Part A) [ Time Frame: Up to 2 years ]Responses assessed using computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging according to standard Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria in order to assess disease progression. Complete Response (CR): Disappearance all target lesions; any pathological lymph nodes reduction in short axis to < 10 mm (< 1 cm). Partial Response (PR): > 30% decrease in sum diameters of target lesions. Progressive Disease (PD): > 20% increase in sum diameters lesions. (Note: appearance of one or > new lesions considered progressions). Stable Disease (SD): Neither shrinkage qualify for PR nor increase for PD.
- Progression-free survival (PFS) (Part B) [ Time Frame: Time period from the date of randomization to the date of PD or death whichever occurred first, assessed up to 2 years ]
Secondary Outcome Measures :
- Number of participants with toxicities (Part A) [ Time Frame: Up to 100 days post-treatment ]Will be graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The most frequent of adverse events measured relative to the total number of patients treated, and the toxicities tabulated by grade according to CTCAE.
- Overall survival (Part A and B) [ Time Frame: From initiation of treatment with nivolumab until death, assessed up to 2 years ]Time measured from initiation of treatment with nivolumab till death. Kaplan-Meier analysis will be performed to estimate the median overall survival with a 95% confidence interval.
- Progression-free Survival (Part A) [ Time Frame: From initiation of treatment with nivolumab until the time of disease progression, assessed up to 2 years ]From initiation of treatment with nivolumab until the time of disease progression, time measured in months. Kaplan-Meier analysis performed to estimate the median progression-free survival with a 90% confidence interval.
- Overall response rates (Part B) [ Time Frame: Up to 2 years ]Responses assessed using CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging according to standard RECIST 1.1 criteria in order to assess disease progression. CR: Disappearance all target lesions; any pathological lymph nodes reduction in short axis to < 10 mm (< 1 cm). PR: > 30% decrease in sum diameters of target lesions. PD: > 20% increase in sum diameters lesions. (Note: appearance of one or > new lesions considered progressions). SD: Neither shrinkage qualify for PR nor increase for PD.
- Incidence of grade 3/4/5 adverse events (Part B) [ Time Frame: Up to 2 years ]Will be assessed by CTCAE version 5.0.
Other Outcome Measures:
- Expression of biomarkers using immunohistochemistry and blood samples (Part A) [ Time Frame: Up to time of treatment discontinuation ]Descriptive statistics including plots, mean, median and standard deviations will be used to summarize data. For continuous outcomes, t-test and analysis of variance will be used to compare outcome measures across patient characteristics. Pair-wise comparisons will be performed using pre- and post-therapy samples from each patient. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test will be used to test the association between two categorical variables. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regressions will be performed to model prognostic factors.
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| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed previously treated metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal
- Patients must have measurable disease according to the standard Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. CT scans or MRIs used to assess the measurable disease must have been completed within 28 days prior to study drug initiation
- Patients must have been treated with at least one prior systemic treatment for incurable advanced or metastatic SCCA of the anal canal; prior treatment for metastatic disease is not required for patients who develop new metastatic lesions during or within 6 months of completion of chemoradiation for limited-stage disease; patients who receive chemotherapy for incurable advanced or metastatic SCCA of the anal canal must wait a minimum >= 28 days (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) after the date of completion of chemotherapy prior to initiating treatment with nivolumab on this study; patients who undergo palliative radiotherapy to a site of tumor must wait a minimum >= 28 days from the date of completion of radiotherapy prior to initiating treatment with nivolumab (Part A and B) or nivolumab +/- Ipilimumab (Part B) on this study
- Patients must be of age >= 18 years at the time of study registration; because no dosing or adverse event data are currently available on the use of nivolumab in patients < 18 years of age, children are excluded from this study, but will be eligible for future pediatric trials
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1 (Karnofsky >= 80%)
- Leukocytes >= 2,000/mcL
- Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL
- Hemoglobin >= 9.0 gm/dL
- Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) (except patients with Gilbert syndrome, who can have total bilirubin < 3.0 mg/dL)
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 x ULN
- Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x ULN OR creatinine clearance (CrCl) >= 50 mL/min (if using the Cockcroft-Gault formula)
- Before study enrollment, women of child bearing potential must be advised of the importance of avoiding pregnancy during study participation and the potential risk factors for an unintentional pregnancy; the subject must sign an informed consent form documenting this discussion; the effects of nivolumab and ipilimumab on the developing human fetus are unknown; for this reason women of child-bearing potential (WOCBP) and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; women of childbearing potential MUST have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG]) within 24 hours prior to the start of nivolumab with or without ipilimumab; the minimum sensitivity of the pregnancy test must be 25 IU/L or equivalent units of HCG; if the pregnancy test is positive, the subject must not receive nivolumab with or without ipilimumab and must not be enrolled in the study
- Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) is defined as any female who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone surgical sterilization (hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy) or who is not postmenopausal; menopause is defined clinically as 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 in the absence of other biological or physiological causes
- WOCBP receiving nivolumab (Parts A+B) or nivolumab and ipilimumab (Part B) will be instructed to adhere to contraception for a period of 5 months after the last dose of investigational product; men receiving nivolumab (Parts A+B) or nivolumab and ipilimumab (Part B only) and who are sexually active with WOCBP will be instructed to adhere to contraception for a period of 7 months after the last dose of investigational product; these durations have been calculated using the upper limit of the half-life for nivolumab (25 days) and are based on the protocol requirement that WOCBP use contraception for 5 half-lives plus 30 days and men who are sexually active with WOCBP use contraception for 5 half-lives plus 90 days
- Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she (or the participating partner) should inform the treating physician immediately; if, following initiation of the investigational product, it is subsequently discovered that a study subject is pregnant or may have been pregnant at the time of investigational product exposure, including during at least 6 half-lives after product administration, the investigational product will be permanently discontinued in an appropriate manner (e.g., dose tapering if necessary for subject safety); the investigator must immediately notify BMS of this event and record the pregnancy on the Pregnancy Surveillance Form (not an severe adverse event [SAE] form); initial information on a pregnancy must be reported immediately to BMS, and the outcome information provided once the outcome is known; completed Pregnancy Surveillance Forms must be forwarded to BMS according to SAE reporting procedures; any pregnancy that occurs in a female partner of a male study participant should be reported to the sponsor. Information on this pregnancy will be collected on the Pregnancy Surveillance Form; protocol-required procedures for study discontinuation and follow-up must be performed on the subject unless contraindicated by pregnancy (e.g., X-ray studies); other appropriate pregnancy follow-up procedures should be considered if indicated; in addition, the investigator must report and follow-up on information regarding the course of the pregnancy, including perinatal and neonatal outcome; infants should be followed for a minimum of 8 weeks
- Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
- Brain metastases are allowed if they have been adequately treated with radiotherapy or surgery and have been stable for at least three months prior to registration; eligible subjects should be neurologically asymptomatic; there is no magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of progression for a minimum of 4 weeks after treatment is complete and within 28 days prior to the first dose of nivolumab administration; there must also be no requirement for immunosuppressive doses of systemic corticosteroids (> 10 mg/day prednisone equivalents) for at least 2 weeks prior to study drug administration
- Willingness for evaluation of cardiac function including electrocardiography (EKG) and echocardiogram (ECHO) cardiogram for any patients with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) or at risk because of underlying cardiovascular disease or exposure to cardiotoxic drugs as clinically indicated
- All patients must be willing to undergo testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing if not tested within the past 6 months
- If HIV+ positive, all patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be eligible for study provided that their CD4+ count >= 300/uL; their viral load is undetectable; they are currently receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
- All HIV+ patients will be under the care of an infectious diseases specialist; if a relationship with an infectious diseases specialist is not established, infectious disease specialist will be consulted; records of all viral counts and peripheral T-cell counts must be sent to the study coordinator in order to follow these values over the course of treatment
- All patients must be willing to be tested for hepatitis screening; patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus may be included in this study provided that their liver function tests remain within the limits listed above; patients must be followed by a hepatologist during the course of this study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 4 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) prior to entering the study or those who have not recovered from adverse events (AEs) due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier (i.e., grade >= 2 AE present); palliative (limited-field) radiation therapy is permitted, as long as the lesion being considered for palliative radiation is not a target lesion
- Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents
- Patients should be excluded if they have had prior treatment with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, anti-programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2), anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody, or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or immune checkpoint pathways
- History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to nivolumab (Parts A+ B) and/or ipilimumab (Part B)
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any monoclonal antibody
- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
- Patients with active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease that might recur, which may affect vital organ function or require immune suppressive treatment including chronic prolonged systemic corticosteroids (defined as corticosteroid use of duration one month or greater), should be excluded; these include but are not limited to patients with a history of immune related neurologic disease, multiple sclerosis, autoimmune (demyelinating) neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis; systemic autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), connective tissue diseases, scleroderma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, and patients with a history of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or anti-phospholipid syndrome should be excluded because of the risk of recurrence or exacerbation of disease
- Patients should be excluded if they have a condition requiring systemic treatment with either corticosteroids (> 10 mg daily prednisone equivalents) or other immunosuppressive medications within 14 days of study drug administration; inhaled or topical steroids and adrenal replacement doses =< 10 mg daily prednisone equivalents are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease; patients are permitted to use topical, ocular, intra-articular, intranasal, and inhalational corticosteroids (with minimal systemic absorption); physiologic replacement doses of systemic corticosteroids are permitted, even if =< 10 mg/day prednisone equivalents; a brief course of corticosteroids for prophylaxis (e.g., contrast dye allergy) or for treatment of non-autoimmune conditions (e.g., delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction caused by contact allergen) is permitted
- No other prior malignancy is allowed except for the following: adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, adequately treated stage I or II cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission, or any other cancer from which the patient has been disease free for at least three years
Information from the National Library of Medicine
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT02314169
Locations
Show 56 study locations
Sponsors and Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Investigators
| Principal Investigator: | Cathy Eng | Yale University Cancer Center LAO |
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
| Responsible Party: | National Cancer Institute (NCI) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT02314169 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
NCI-2014-02420 NCI-2014-02420 ( Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program) ) NCI9673 P9673_R03PAPPHOLD01 9673 ( Other Identifier: Yale University Cancer Center LAO ) 9673 ( Other Identifier: CTEP ) N01CM00032 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) N01CM00038 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) N01CM00039 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) N01CM00071 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) N01CM00099 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) N01CM00100 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) P30CA016672 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) U10CA180821 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) UM1CA186704 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) UM1CA186712 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) UM1CA186716 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) |
| First Posted: | December 11, 2014 Key Record Dates |
| Last Update Posted: | May 16, 2023 |
| Last Verified: | February 2023 |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Carcinoma Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial Neoplasms by Histologic Type Neoplasms Neoplasms, Squamous Cell |
Nivolumab Ipilimumab Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological Antineoplastic Agents Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action |