A Study of Atezolizumab in Participants With Programmed Death - Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (BIRCH)
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02031458 |
Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : January 9, 2014
Results First Posted : March 23, 2017
Last Update Posted : January 6, 2020
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Drug: Atezolizumab | Phase 2 |
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 667 participants |
Allocation: | N/A |
Intervention Model: | Single Group Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | A Phase II, Multicenter, Single-Arm Study OF Atezolizumab In Patients With PD-L1-Positive Locally Advanced Or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
Actual Study Start Date : | January 22, 2014 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | May 28, 2015 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | January 11, 2019 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Atezolizumab |
Drug: Atezolizumab
1200 mg IV every 3 weeks |
- Percentage of Participants Achieving Objective Response (ORR) Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version (v) 1.1 as Assessed by Independent Review Facility (IRF) [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]ORR was the percentage of participants whose confirmed best overall response was either a Partial Response (PR) or a Complete Response (CR) based upon the IRF assessment per RECIST v1.1. CR: disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to less than (<) 10 millimeters (mm); PR:greater than (>) or equal to (=) 30 percent (%) decrease from baseline in sum of diameters of target lesions, non-progressive disease (PD) non-target lesions and no new lesions. Results were reported by line of therapy and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression Subgroup (tumor cell [TC]3 [TC3] or tumor-infiltrating immune cell [IC] 3 [IC3], TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- Percentage of Participants Achieving Objective Response Per RECIST v1.1 as Assessed by the Investigator (INV) [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]ORR was the percentage of participants whose confirmed best overall response was either a PR or a CR based upon the Investigator assessment per RECIST v1.1. CR: disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10mm; PR: > or = 30 % decrease from baseline in sum of diameters of target lesions, non-PD non-target lesions and no new lesions. Results were reported by line of therapy (reporting arms) and PD-L1 Expression Subgroup (TC3 or IC3, TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- Percentage of Participants Achieving Objective Response Per Modified RECIST as Assessed by the INV [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]ORR was the percentage of participants whose confirmed best overall response was either a PR or a CR based upon the Investigator assessment per modified RECIST. CR: disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10mm; PR: At least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of all target and all new measurable lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters, in the absence of CR. Results were reported by line of therapy (reporting arms) and PD-L1 Expression Subgroup (TC3 or IC3, TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- Duration of Response (DOR) Assessed by IRF Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]DOR is interval between date of first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and the first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by RECIST v1.1. CR: disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10mm; PR: > or = 30 % decrease from baseline in sum of diameters of target lesions, non-PD non-target lesions and no new lesions; PD: one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. DOR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results were reported by line of therapy (reporting arms) and PD-L1 Expression Subgroup (TC3 or IC3, TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- DOR as Assessed by INV Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]DOR is interval between date of the first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by RECIST v1.1. CR: disappearance of all target and non-target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10mm; PR: > or = 30 % decrease from baseline in sum of diameters of target lesions, non-PD non-target lesions and no new lesions; PD: one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. DOR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results were reported by line of therapy (reporting arms) and PD-L1 Expression Subgroup (TC3 or IC3, TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- DOR as Assessed by INV Per Modified RECIST [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]DOR is the interval between the date of the first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and the first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by modified RECIST. CR: disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or non-target) must have reduction in short axis to <10mm; PR: at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the diameters of all target and all new measurable lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters, in the absence of CR; PD: one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of existing and/or new target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm). DOR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results were reported by line of therapy (reporting arms) and PD-L1 Expression Subgroup (TC3 or IC3, TC3 or IC2/3, TC2/3 or IC2/3).
- Progression Free Survival (PFS) as Assessed by IRF Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PFS is the interval between the first dose of atezolizumab and date of disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first as measured by RECIST v1.1. PD is defined as one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. PFS was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- PFS as Assessed by INV Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PFS is the interval between the first dose of atezolizumab and date of disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first as measured by RECIST v1.1. PD: one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions. PFS was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- PFS as Assessed by INV Per Modified RECIST [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PFS is the interval between the first dose of atezolizumab and date of disease progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first as measured by modified RECIST. PD: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of new and/or existing target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm). PFS was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- Overall Survival : Percentage of Participants Without Event (Death) [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]
- Overall Survival : Median Time to Event (Death) [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]Overall survival is measured as interval between the first dose of atezolizumab and date of death from any cause.
- Percentage of Participants Without an Event (Death) at 6 Months [ Time Frame: Month 6 ]
- Percentage of Participants Without an Event (Death) at 12 Months [ Time Frame: Month 12 ]
- PFS: Percentage of Participants Alive and Progression Free at 6 Months [ Time Frame: Month 6 ]PD is defined as one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions.
- PFS: Percentage of Participants Alive and Progression Free at 12 Months [ Time Frame: Month 12 ]PD is defined as one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions.
- Time in Response (TIR) as Assessed by INV Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]TIR is interval between date of first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by RECIST v1.1. For responders, TIR was the same as DOR; for non-responders, TIR was considered as an event and defined as the date of first treatment plus one day. TIR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- TIR as Assessed by INV Per Modified RECIST [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]TIR is interval between date of first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by modified RECIST. For responders, TIR was the same as DOR; for non-responders, TIR was considered as an event and defined as the date of first treatment plus one day. TIR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- TIR as Assessed by IRF Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]TIR is interval between date of first occurrence of a CR or PR that is subsequently confirmed (whichever status is recorded first) and first date that PD or death is documented, whichever occurs first as measured by RECIST v1.1. For responders, TIR was the same as DOR; for non-responders, TIR was considered as an event and defined as the date of first treatment plus one day. TIR was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates.
- Atezolizumab Serum Concentrations [ Time Frame: Pre-dose (hour 0) and 0.5 hours post dose on Cycle 1 Day 1 (Cycle length = 21days), Cycle 1 Days 2, 4, 8, 15, and 21, Cycle 2 Day 21, Cycle 3 Day 21, Cycle 7 Day 21 ]Serum concentrations were determined for all participants after administration of atezolizumab up to Cycle 8. Time (T) = time from first dose in days.
- Percentage of Participants With Positive Anti-Therapeutic Antibody (Anti-Atezolizumab Antibody) Status [ Time Frame: Baseline, post-baseline (up to 16 months) ]Anti-therapeutic antibodies is a measurement to explore the potential relationship of immunogenicity response with pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy.
- Percentage of Participants With Event (Disease Progression or Death) as Assessed by IRF Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PD was defined as one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5 mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions.
- Percentage of Participants With Event (Disease Progression or Death) as Assessed by INV Per RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PD was defined as one or more of the following: at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5 mm), appearance of new lesions, and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions.
- Percentage of Participants With Event (Disease Progression or Death) as Assessed by INV Per Modified RECIST v1.1 [ Time Frame: Screening, Every 6 weeks (± 3 days) for 12 months following Cycle 1, Day 1 and every 9 weeks (± 1 week) thereafter until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death until data cut-off on 28 May 2015 (Up to 16 months) ]PD was defined as at least 20% increase from nadir in the sum of diameters of new and/or existing target lesions (with an absolute increase of at least 5 mm).

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Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adult participants greater than or equal to 18 years of age
- Locally advanced or metastatic (Stage IIIB, Stage IV, or recurrent) NSCLC
- Representative formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens
- PD-L1-positive tumor status as determined by an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay based on PD-L1 expression on tumor infiltrating immune cells and/or tumor cells performed by a central laboratory
- Measurable disease, as defined by RECIST version 1.1
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any approved anti-cancer therapy, including chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy within 3 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment; the following exception are allowed:
Hormone-replacement therapy or oral contraceptives tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) approved for treatment of NSCLC discontinued >7 days prior to Cycle 1, Day 1
- Central nervous system (CNS) disease, including treated brain metastases
- Malignancies other than NSCLC within 5 years prior to randomization, with the exception of those with negligible risk of metastases or death and treated with expected curative outcome
- History of autoimmune disease
- History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (including pneumonia), drug-induced pneumonitis, organizing pneumonia, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening CT scan. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) id permitted
- Active hepatitis B or hepatitis C
- Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive
- Prior treatment with CD137 agonists, anti-CTLA4, anti-PD-1, or anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibody or pathway-targeting agents

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT02031458

Study Director: | Clinical Trials | Hoffmann-La Roche |
Responsible Party: | Hoffmann-La Roche |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT02031458 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
GO28754 2013-003330-32 ( EudraCT Number ) |
First Posted: | January 9, 2014 Key Record Dates |
Results First Posted: | March 23, 2017 |
Last Update Posted: | January 6, 2020 |
Last Verified: | December 2019 |
Lung Neoplasms Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Respiratory Tract Neoplasms Thoracic Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Neoplasms Lung Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases |
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Bronchial Neoplasms Atezolizumab Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological Antineoplastic Agents |