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The Effect of Bitter, Umami and Sweet Tastants on Food Intake

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01956838
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : October 8, 2013
Last Update Posted : October 15, 2014
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Maastricht University Medical Center

Study Description
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Brief Summary:

Rationale: The appearance of tastants in the small intestine can result in the activation of a negative feedback mechanism from different parts of the intestine to the stomach, the small intestine and to the central nervous system. These processes inhibit food processing, appetite sensations and food intake, and furthermore they increase feelings of satiety and satiation. We will investigate the effects of intraduodenal infusion of quinine 75mg (bitter), rebaudioside A 540mg (sweet), monosodium glutamate 2g (umami), a combination of these tastants (quinine, rebaudioside A, monosodium glutamate) and placebo (5 test days in total) on ad libitum food intake, satiation and in vivo release of the gut satiety peptides CCK and GLP-1.

Study design: To assess the effect of intraduodenal infusion of single ingredients and a combination of tastants (bitter, umami and sweet) on ad libitum food intake.

Secondary Objective(s):

  1. To investigate the effect of intraduodenal delivery of a combination of tastants on satiation.
  2. To assess the effect of intraduodenal delivery of a combination of tastants on gastrointestinal hormone release.
  3. To assess the effects of the tastants quinine, rebaudioside A and monosodium glutamate on the parameters as mentioned under the primary objective, and under secondary objectives 1 and 2.
  4. To compare the effects, as mentioned under the primary objective, and under secondary objectives 1 and 2, of the combination of tastants to those of the three single tastants quinine, rebaudioside A and monosodium glutamate.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Obesity Dietary Supplement: umami Dietary Supplement: bitter Dietary Supplement: sweet Not Applicable

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 15 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment
Masking: Single (Participant)
Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Official Title: The Effect of Bitter, Umami and Sweet Tastants on Food Intake
Study Start Date : September 2013
Actual Primary Completion Date : August 2014
Actual Study Completion Date : August 2014
Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Umami
intraduodenal infusion of umami
 Dietary Supplement: umami
intraduodenal infusion of umami tastant
Experimental: sweet
intraduodenal infusion of sweet tastant
 Dietary Supplement: sweet
intraduodenal infusion of sweet tastant
Experimental: bitter
intraduodenal infusion of bitter tastant
 Dietary Supplement: bitter
intraduodenal infusion of bitter tastant
Experimental: combination
intraduodenal infusion of a combination of tastants (umami, bitter and sweet)
 Dietary Supplement: umami
intraduodenal infusion of umami tastant

Dietary Supplement: bitter
intraduodenal infusion of bitter tastant

Dietary Supplement: sweet
intraduodenal infusion of sweet tastant
Placebo Comparator: placebo
intraduodenal infusion of placebo (tap water)


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Ad libitum meal intake [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
    Difference in ad libitum meal intake (as measured during ad libitum pasta meal). At end of the testday


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Satiation [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
    Difference in satiation (as measured by VAS) per time point

  2. Gut hormones [ Time Frame: 5 weeks ]
    Measurements in plasma levels of the gut hormones CCK, GLP-1, insulin and glucose


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years to 65 Years   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Based on medical history and previous examination, no gastrointestinal complaints can be defined.
  • Age between 18 and 65 years. This study will include healthy adult subjects (male and female). Women must be taking contraceptives.
  • BMI between 18 and 25 kg/m2)
  • Weight stable over at least the last 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of severe cardiovascular, respiratory, urogenital, gastrointestinal/ hepatic, hematological/immunologic, HEENT (head, ears, eyes, nose, throat), dermatological/connective tissue, musculoskeletal, metabolic/nutritional, endocrine, neurological/psychiatric diseases, allergy, major surgery and/or laboratory assessments which might limit participation in or completion of the study protocol. The severity of the disease (major interference with the execution of the experiment or potential influence on the study outcomes) will be decided by the principal investigator.
  • Use of medication, including vitamin supplementation, except oral contraceptives, within 14 days prior to testing
  • Administration of investigational drugs or participation in any scientific intervention study which may interfere with this study (to be decided by the principle investigator), in the 180 days prior to the study
  • Major abdominal surgery interfering with gastrointestinal function (uncomplicated appendectomy, cholecystectomy and hysterectomy allowed, and other surgery upon judgement of the principle investigator)
  • Dieting (medically prescribed, vegetarian, diabetic, macrobiological, biological dynamic)
  • Pregnancy, lactation
  • Excessive alcohol consumption (>20 alcoholic consumptions per week)
  • Smoking
  • Blood donation within 3 months before the study period
  • Self-admitted HIV-positive state
  • Weight <60kg
  • Non-tasters of sweet, bitter or umami
  • Evidence of MSG-hypersensitivity or Chinese restaurant syndrome
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01956838


Locations
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Netherlands
Maastricht University Medical Center
Maastricht, Netherlands
Sponsors and Collaborators
Maastricht University Medical Center
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Prof Masclee, MD,PhD Maastricht University Medical Center
More Information
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Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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Responsible Party: Maastricht University Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01956838    
Other Study ID Numbers: NL44428.068.13/METC 13-2-025
First Posted: October 8, 2013    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: October 15, 2014
Last Verified: October 2014
Keywords provided by Maastricht University Medical Center:
food intake
tastants
obesity
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Obesity
Overweight
Overnutrition
Nutrition Disorders
Body Weight