Laboratory Treated T Cells in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01865617
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: May 31, 2013
• Results First Posted: May 25, 2022
• Last Update Posted: May 25, 2022
• Sponsor: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
• Collaborator: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Alexandre Hirayama, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of laboratory treated T cells to see how well they work in treating patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or acute lymphoblastic leukemia that have come back or have not responded to treatment. T cells that are treated in the laboratory before being given back to the patient may make the body build an immune response to kill cancer cells.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
CD19-Positive Neoplastic Cells Present; Recurrent Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Recurrent Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Recurrent Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Mantle Cell Lymphoma; Recurrent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Recurrent Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma; Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma; Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma; Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Refractory Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes	Phase 1; Phase 2

Detailed Description:

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To evaluate the feasibility and safety of adoptive T cell therapy using ex vivo expanded autologous CD8 positive (+) and CD4+ CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells for patients with advanced CD19+ B cell malignancies.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the duration of in vivo persistence of adoptively transferred T cells, and the phenotype of persisting T cells.

II. To determine if adoptively transferred T cells traffic to the bone marrow and function in vivo.

III. To determine if the adoptive transfer of CD19 CAR-T cells results in depletion of CD19+ B cells in vivo as a surrogate for functional activity.

IV. To determine if the adoptive transfer of CD19 CAR-T cells has antitumor activity in patients with measurable tumor burden prior to T cell transfer.

V. To determine if the adoptive transfer of CD19 CAR-T cells is associated with tumor lysis syndrome.

OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of autologous CD19 CAR T-cells followed by a phase II study.

Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells intravenously (IV) over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.

DOSE DENSE EXPANSION COHORT: An additional cohort will receive a second anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cell infusion without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy 10-21 days after the first infusion if adequate CD19 CAR-T cells can be produced and appropriate criteria are met.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for at least 15 years.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 204 participants
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Phase I/II Study of Immunotherapy for Advanced CD19+ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma With Defined Subsets of Autologous T Cells Engineered to Express a CD19-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor
• Actual Study Start Date: May 22, 2013
• Actual Primary Completion Date: March 26, 2021
• Actual Study Completion Date: March 26, 2021

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: ALL (high tumor burden) dose level 1; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: ALL Tumor Burden: high Dose level: 1 up to 2x105 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: ALL (high tumor burden) dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: ALL Tumor Burden: high Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: ALL (high tumor burden) dose level 3; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: ALL Tumor Burden: high Dose level: 3 up to 2x107 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: ALL (low tumor burden) dose level 1; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: ALL Tumor Burden: low Dose level: 1 up to 2x105 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: ALL (low tumor burden) dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: ALL Tumor Burden: high Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: CLL dose level 1; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: CLL Dose level: 1 up to 2x105 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: CLL dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: CLL Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: CLL dose level 3; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: CLL Dose level: 3 up to 2x107 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: CLL (ibrutinib) dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: CLL (ibrutinib) Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: NHL dose level 1; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: NHL Dose level: 1 up to 2x105 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: NHL dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: NHL Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: NHL dose level 3; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: NHL Dose level: 3 up to 2x107 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV
Experimental: NHL (dose dense) dose level 2; Patients receive anti-CD19-CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T cells IV over 20-30 minutes on day 0. Treatment may be repeated in no less than 21 days with or without additional lymphodepleting chemotherapy if there is persistent disease in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Disease subgroup: NHL Dose level: 2 up to 2x106 EGFR+ cells/kg	Biological: Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes; Given IV

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Death Within 8 Weeks of the Study Cell Infusion Thought to be Definitely or Probably Related to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy [ Time Frame: Within 8 weeks of the study cell infusion ]
   Death within 8 weeks of the study cell infusion thought to be definitely or probably related to CAR T cell therapy will be assessed.
2. Dose Limiting Toxicities [ Time Frame: 30 days ]
   Outcome will be reported as a count of participants that experienced a dose limiting toxicity on the study within 30 days post infusion.
3. Objective Response Rate of Complete Response and Partial Response [ Time Frame: Up to 1 year ]

   Outcome will be reported as the count of patients per arm that experienced a complete response/partial response.

   Complete response (CR): CR per Lugano criteria for nodal disease and minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative CR by flow cytometry for marrow disease.

   Partial response (PR): > 50% reduction of the sum of the products of the perpendicular diameters of marker lesions, no progression of any existing lesions, and no new lesions.

4. Overall Survival [ Time Frame: Up to 1 year ]
   Outcome will be reported as a count of patients who survived up to 1 year post infusion.
5. Progression Free Survival [ Time Frame: Up to 1 year ]
   Outcome will be reported as the count of patients per arm that survived and whose disease did not progress in the 1 year timeframe post infusion.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Duration of Persistence of Adoptively Transferred CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells [ Time Frame: Up to day 365 ]
   Duration of persistence of adoptively transferred CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. Outcome will be reported for each of the 3 cohorts on the study. Outcome data is both count of patients alive after 1 year and count of patients with CAR-T cells detected at 1 year.
2. Migration of Adoptively Transferred CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells [ Time Frame: Up to 1 year ]
   Migration of adoptively transferred CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. Outcome will be reported for each of the 3 cohorts on the study. Outcome data is both count of patients with bone marrow disease involvement and count of patients with CAR-T cells detected in bone marrow at restaging.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

INCLUSIONS FOR SCREENING AND LEUKAPHERESIS

• Patients with CD19 expressing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
• Ability to understand and provide informed consent
• Not human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected

INCLUSIONS FOR CAR-T CELL THERAPY

• Patients with:

  • CLL who are beyond first remission and who have failed combination chemoimmunotherapy with regimens containing a purine analogue and anti-CD20 antibody or who were not eligible for such therapy; patients with CLL for whom ibrutinib is now standard first line therapy, must have progressed on ibrutinib; patients with fludarabine refractory disease are eligible; patients may be treated following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT); for the concurrent ibrutinib cohort, patients must agree to continue on or be restarted on ibrutinib and must not have had prior intolerance to ibrutinib that would prevent this; patients managed with prior dose reductions for toxicity will continue at the reduced dose for the remainder of this study
  • Indolent NHL or mantle cell NHL who are beyond first remission and previously treated with chemoimmunotherapy or who were not eligible for such therapy; patients who have relapsed following autologous or allogeneic HCT are eligible
  • Aggressive NHL such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), who have relapsed or have residual disease following treatment with curative intent; patients should have relapsed following, or not be eligible for high-dose therapy and autologous HCT; patients with chemotherapy refractory disease or marrow involvement or comorbidities precluding successful autologous HCT are eligible; patients may be treated following allogeneic HCT
  • Patients with CD19 expressing, relapsed or refractory ALL
  • Patients with one of the above diagnoses whose disease state does not qualify but who have prognostic indicators that suggest a high risk of progression of disease may be screened and undergo leukapheresis; enrollment for T cell therapy would require meeting the full disease state eligibility
• Confirmation of diagnosis
• Evidence of CD19 expression by immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry on any prior or current tumor specimen or high likelihood of CD19 expression based on disease histology
• Karnofsky performance status >= 60%
• All patients of childbearing potential must be willing to use a contraceptive method before, during, and for at least two months after the T cell infusion
• Ability to understand and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

EXCLUSIONS FOR CAR-T CELL THERAPY

• Patients requiring ongoing daily corticosteroid therapy at a dose of > 15 mg of prednisone per day (or equivalent); pulsed corticosteroid use for disease control is acceptable
• Active autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppressive therapy is excluded unless discussed with the Principal Investigator (PI)
• Serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL
• Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) > 5 x upper limit of normal
• Bilirubin > 3.0 mg/dL
• Patients with clinically significant pulmonary dysfunction, as determined by medical history and physical exam should undergo pulmonary function testing; those with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of < 50 % of predicted will be excluded
• Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (corrected) < 40% will be excluded
• Significant cardiovascular abnormalities as defined by any one of the following: New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, clinically significant hypotension, uncontrolled symptomatic coronary artery disease, or a documented ejection fraction of < 35%
• Uncontrolled active infection

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Washington

Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

Seattle, Washington, United States, 98109

Sponsors and Collaborators

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Jordan Gauthier; Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by Alexandre Hirayama, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center:

Study Protocol  [PDF] June 1, 2021

No Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) exists for this study.

More Information

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Hirayama AV, Chou CK, Miyazaki T, Steinmetz RN, Di HA, Fraessle SP, Gauthier J, Fiorenza S, Hawkins RM, Overwijk WW, Riddell SR, Marcondes AMQ, Turtle CJ. A novel polymer-conjugated human IL-15 improves efficacy of CD19-targeted CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Blood Adv. 2022 Nov 4:bloodadvances.2022008697. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008697. Online ahead of print.

Juluri KR, Wu QV, Voutsinas J, Hou J, Hirayama AV, Mullane E, Miles N, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ, Bar M, Gauthier J. Severe cytokine release syndrome is associated with hematologic toxicity following CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Blood Adv. 2022 Apr 12;6(7):2055-2068. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020004142.

Ernst M, Oeser A, Besiroglu B, Caro-Valenzuela J, Abd El Aziz M, Monsef I, Borchmann P, Estcourt LJ, Skoetz N, Goldkuhle M. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for people with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 13;9(9):CD013365. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013365.pub2.

Gauthier J, Bezerra ED, Hirayama AV, Fiorenza S, Sheih A, Chou CK, Kimble EL, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, Phi TD, Steinmetz RN, Jamieson AW, Bar M, Cassaday RD, Chapuis AG, Cowan AJ, Green DJ, Kiem HP, Milano F, Shadman M, Till BG, Riddell SR, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ. Factors associated with outcomes after a second CD19-targeted CAR T-cell infusion for refractory B-cell malignancies. Blood. 2021 Jan 21;137(3):323-335. doi: 10.1182/blood.2020006770.

Hirayama AV, Gauthier J, Hay KA, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, Steinmetz RN, Riddell SR, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ. High rate of durable complete remission in follicular lymphoma after CD19 CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Blood. 2019 Aug 15;134(7):636-640. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019000905.

Hirayama AV, Gauthier J, Hay KA, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Gooley T, Li D, Cherian S, Chen X, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, Steinmetz RN, Acharya UH, Cassaday RD, Chapuis AG, Dhawale TM, Hendrie PC, Kiem HP, Lynch RC, Ramos J, Shadman M, Till BG, Riddell SR, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ. The response to lymphodepletion impacts PFS in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with CD19 CAR T cells. Blood. 2019 Apr 25;133(17):1876-1887. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-887067. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Tuazon SA, Li A, Gooley T, Eunson TW, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ, Linenberger ML, Connelly-Smith LS. Factors affecting lymphocyte collection efficiency for the manufacture of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in adults with B-cell malignancies. Transfusion. 2019 May;59(5):1773-1780. doi: 10.1111/trf.15178. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Hay KA, Gauthier J, Hirayama AV, Voutsinas JM, Wu Q, Li D, Gooley TA, Cherian S, Chen X, Pender BS, Hawkins RM, Vakil A, Steinmetz RN, Schoch G, Chapuis AG, Till BG, Kiem HP, Ramos JD, Shadman M, Cassaday RD, Acharya UH, Riddell SR, Maloney DG, Turtle CJ. Factors associated with durable EFS in adult B-cell ALL patients achieving MRD-negative CR after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy. Blood. 2019 Apr 11;133(15):1652-1663. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-883710. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Hill JA, Li D, Hay KA, Green ML, Cherian S, Chen X, Riddell SR, Maloney DG, Boeckh M, Turtle CJ. Infectious complications of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell immunotherapy. Blood. 2018 Jan 4;131(1):121-130. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-07-793760. Epub 2017 Oct 16.

Turtle CJ, Hanafi LA, Berger C, Gooley TA, Cherian S, Hudecek M, Sommermeyer D, Melville K, Pender B, Budiarto TM, Robinson E, Steevens NN, Chaney C, Soma L, Chen X, Yeung C, Wood B, Li D, Cao J, Heimfeld S, Jensen MC, Riddell SR, Maloney DG. CD19 CAR-T cells of defined CD4+:CD8+ composition in adult B cell ALL patients. J Clin Invest. 2016 Jun 1;126(6):2123-38. doi: 10.1172/JCI85309. Epub 2016 Apr 25.

• Responsible Party: Alexandre Hirayama, Research Associate, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01865617
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2639.00; NCI-2013-00073 ( Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program) ); 2639; RG9213011 ( Other Identifier: Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium ); P50CA107399 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ); R01CA136551 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract )
• First Posted: May 31, 2013
• Results First Posted: May 25, 2022
• Last Update Posted: May 25, 2022
• Last Verified: May 2022

Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:

• Plan to Share IPD: No

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product: No

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Lymphoma; Leukemia; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Recurrence; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lymphatic Diseases; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Immune System Diseases; Disease Attributes; Pathologic Processes; Leukemia, B-Cell; Chronic Disease