Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Patients With Pre-diabetes - Full Text View

Purpose

It is well known that diabetes and excessive or high blood sugars causes blood vessel and blood cell damage. It is also possible, then, that people with pre-diabetes may also start to have blood vessel and blood cell damage as the blood sugars rise from the normal range into the diabetic range. In addition to looking at potential damage, the question is whether or not this damage improves with exercise. This study aims to look at blood vessel and blood cells in three different ways by 1) looking at how the blood vessel responds to "sheer force" (a blood pressure cuff pumped up and then released after a few minutes). This is done by ultrasound. 2) By looking at blood tests such as blood sugar, cholesterol, and inflammation and 3) By looking at certain blood cells in the lab, how long they live and the number of cells left after a certain number of days, and again, if this improves with exercise.

Condition	Intervention
Prediabetes	Behavioral: Exercise Behavioral: Without exercise


Study Type:	Interventional
Study Design:	Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Prevention
Official Title:	The Effect of Controlled Aerobic Exercise on Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Reactivity in Patients With Pre-diabetes: A Crossover Pilot Study

Resource links provided by NLM:

MedlinePlus related topics: Exercise and Physical Fitness Prediabetes

U.S. FDA Resources

Further study details as provided by Sabyasachi Sen, MD, Baystate Medical Center:

Primary Outcome Measures:

Measures of Endothelial Function by studying number, function and gene expression of endothelial progenitor cells (identified as CD34+ cells) [ Time Frame: 16 weeks per patient ]
A. Number of viable CD34 +ve cells at Day-0 and viability assay. B. Colony Formation count assay at Day-5, pre and post exercise. C. We will test CD34+ cell migration, adhesion and tube formation properties. D. Gene expression in CD34+ cells of critical endothelial function and inflammatory genes will be measured: eNOS, vWF and PECAM1, VE-cadherin, VEGF-A, Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1, 2 and 3, Catalase, Interleukin (IL)-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF alpha), P53, P21, PUMA, Bcl2 [Apoptosis genes] will also be noted

Secondary Outcome Measures:

Measures of Vacular Reactivity [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
A) Measure Brachial reactivity through shear-stress using flow mediated dilatation (FMD) B). Measure Arterial Stiffness measure pre and post exercise. C) Measure Carotid Intima Media Thickness will be measured at each time point

Other Outcome Measures:

Measures of Insulin Sensitivity by measuring inflammatory molecules as a surrogate of insulin resistance [ Time Frame: 16 weeks ]
We will measure:

A. plasma measurements of cytokines, including C - reactive protein, E-selectin, IL-6, IL-10, thrombin, leptin, adiponectin, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and fasting lipid profile from subjects are expected to reflect endothelial inflammation.

B. Insulin sensitivity will be evaluated at baseline and weeks 6, 10 and16 using the HOMA ratio, calculated from individual serum measures (fasting glucose* insulin/405) C.Adiposity will be measured at baseline and at weeks 6, 10, and 16 using the Tanita Body Composition Analyzer scale, measured as percentage body fat D. Resting energy expenditure as measures of indirect calorimetry for basal metabolic rate measures (BMR).


Estimated Enrollment:	30
Study Start Date:	March 2010
Study Completion Date:	May 2013
Primary Completion Date:	May 2013 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Arms	Assigned Interventions
Prediabetes with exercise 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week	Behavioral: Exercise 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week
Prediabetes without exercise Pre-study activity level (i.e. no exercise)	Behavioral: Without exercise Pre-study activity level (i.e. no exercise)

Detailed Description:

To refine a non-invasive test for endothelial dysfunction. The investigators will examine the flow response to sheer-stress induced by the relief of pressure exerted with a blood pressure cuff on the brachial artery, measuring flow responses with Doppler. This is a measure of local nitric oxide production from endothelial cells which is known to be impaired in diabetics, normal in non-diabetics, but unknown in prediabetics.
To measure in the same individuals indicators of glucose metabolism abnormalities including fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, insulin sensitivity by homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin levels.
To measure Endothelial Progenitor Cell (EPC) count, viability, gene expression of key genes such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), von-Willebrand's Factor (vWF) and adhesion molecules such platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1 or CD31), cadherin such as Vascular-Endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin)or CD (cell surface marker)-144, growth factors such as vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and Insulin like growth factor (IGF-1)in the EPCs from pre-diabetes subjects pre and post exercise.
Correlate the glucose metabolism abnormalities with potential causative factors of endothelial dysfunction by studying EPC functions such as migration and tube formation and susceptibility to apoptosis in moderate hyperglycemia. Apoptosis assay will be done by Flow Cytometry analysis using Annexin V- Propidium-iodide dye.
Subjects will be randomized to the intervention (structured exercise) or continuation of their usual life style (non-exercise, sedentary)group.

In both arms of the study, subjects will be encouraged to adhere to the standard dietary advice that all pre-diabetic patients receive as part of their standards of care, irrespective of design arm they will be in.

The investigators expect exercise to improve flow-mediated vasodilatation, EPC colony count and function, along with better key gene expressions noted by Real Time-qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Assess the effects of the intervention comparing them to the findings in each individual, in a paired manner.
After a washout period, individuals will be crossed over to see whether the effects of the intervention are reversed and to demonstrate that the difference between controls and intervention subjects was due to the aerobic exercise intervention, and not due to random differences

Eligibility


Ages Eligible for Study:	20 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Senior)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Prediabetic
- Impaired fasting glucose (100-125mg/dl)
- Impaired glucose tolerance (2' post between 140-199mg/dl)
- HbA1C 5.7-6.4 mg/d (inclusive)
Exercise Naive
BMI between 20-39.9
Nutritional Counseling prior to participation with CDE/RD
Willing to wear activity monitor
Willing to keep a dietary log

Exclusion Criteria:

Pace maker or other implanted device that might have interference with Tanita scale
Any contraindication to moderate exercise
Previous coronary disease or cerebrovascular event active or clinically significant coronary vascular disease, or peripheral vascular disease
Diabetes
Uncontrolled hypertension (SBP > 140 or DBP > 90 on 3 separate occasions) ACE's or ARB's
Premature familial CAD (Father < 55years____ Mother <65years)
HDL < 40mg/dl
Triglycerides >400mg/dl
Any new lipid lowering medication started in the past 6 months
Framingham Risk Score two or more
1. Smoking
2. Hypertension (B/P > 140/90 or on antihypertensives)
3. HDL < 40mg/dl
4. Age men >45years or women >55years
Low hematocrit ( or hemoglobinopathies that may impair exercise tolerance) or abnormal CBC
Uncontrolled hypo/hyperthyroidism
Active smoking
Liver disease ( alt or AST> 2.5's UNL)
Moderate or Severe Kidney disease, current or history
Pancreatitis, current or history
Any medication started in the last 3 months
Active non healing wounds
Recent Surgery in the last 3 months
Anti-inflammatory disease, current or history
Regular use of anti-inflammatory drugs
CA
Alcoholism
Women who are pregnant or intending to become pregnant
Oral or Injectable antidiabetic medication
Post menopausal women on hormone replacement
Any steroid medication (oral, inhaled, injected or nasal)

Contacts and Locations

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01860599

Locations


United States, Massachusetts
Baystate Medical Center
Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, 01199

Sponsors and Collaborators

Baystate Medical Center

Investigators


Principal Investigator:	Sabyasachi Sen, MD, PhD	Baystate Medical Center

More Information


Responsible Party:	Sabyasachi Sen, MD, Assistant Professor Endocrinology, Baystate Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT01860599 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	IRB132171
Study First Received:	May 9, 2013
Last Updated:	July 16, 2014

Keywords provided by Sabyasachi Sen, MD, Baystate Medical Center:


prediabetes EPC's vascular reactivity

Additional relevant MeSH terms:


Prediabetic State Glucose Intolerance Diabetes Mellitus Glucose Metabolism Disorders	Metabolic Diseases Endocrine System Diseases Hyperglycemia

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on July 24, 2017