Comparison of Carotenoid Bioavailability From Fresh Papaya, Tomato and Carrot
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01748916 |
Recruitment Status
:
Active, not recruiting
First Posted
: December 13, 2012
Results First Posted
: October 24, 2014
Last Update Posted
: June 14, 2017
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
---|---|---|
Focus of Study: Carotenoid Absorption | Other: Papaya Other: Carrot Other: Tomato | Not Applicable |
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 16 participants |
Allocation: | Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Crossover Assignment |
Masking: | None (Open Label) |
Primary Purpose: | Basic Science |
Official Title: | Evaluation of the Effect of the Consumption of Papaya, Tomato, and Carrot on the Bioavailability of Carotenoids |
Study Start Date : | June 2011 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | November 2011 |
Estimated Study Completion Date : | January 2019 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Papaya-Carrot-Tomato
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Papaya 2. Carrot 3. Tomato.
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
Experimental: Papaya-Tomato-Carrot
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Papaya 2. Tomato 3. Carrot
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
Experimental: Tomato-Papaya-Carrot
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Tomato 2. Papaya 3. Carrot
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
Experimental: Tomato-Carrot-Papaya
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Tomato 2. Carrot 3. Papaya
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
Experimental: Carrot-Papaya-Tomato
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Carrot 2. Papaya 3. Tomato
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
Experimental: Carrot-Tomato-Papaya
Test meals were consumed in the following order: 1. Carrot 2. Tomato 3. Papaya
|
Other: Papaya
Post-prandial study feeding 400-506 g papaya (1.6 mg beta-carotene, 2.1 mg beta-cryptoxanthin, 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Carrot
Post-prandial study feeding 25-35 g carrot (= 1.6 mg beta-carotene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
Other: Tomato
Post-prandial study feeding 256-396 g tomato (= 13 mg lycopene), 150 g yogurt (10% fat), and 45 g of fat free bread.
|
- Pharmacokinetics of Carotenoid Absorption From Papaya, Carrot and Tomato [ Time Frame: 8 post-prandial blood samples over 9.5 hours ]The primary goal of this research is to investigate whether papaya can deliver increased quantities of carotenoids when compared to carrot and tomato. An area under the curve for concentration of carotenoids (from triglyceride rich lipoprotein (TRL) fraction of plasma) over time will be determined to quantify absorption, after subjects consume a meal containing papaya, carrot or tomato.

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Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Senior) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
- healthy individuals
Exclusion Criteria:
- lactating, pregnant, or planned to be pregnant
- smokers/those who use tobacco products
- metabolic or malabsorption disorders
- had a history of cancer
- history of liver insufficiency or other gastro-intestinal diseases
- allergy to papaya, carrots or tomatoes
- obesity

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01748916
United States, Ohio | |
The Ohio State University | |
Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210 | |
Costa Rica | |
University of Costa Rica | |
San José, Costa Rica |
Principal Investigator: | Steven J Schwartz, Ph.D. | Ohio State University |
Responsible Party: | Jessica Cooperstone, Research Scientist, Ohio State University |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01748916 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
2011H0336 |
First Posted: | December 13, 2012 Key Record Dates |
Results First Posted: | October 24, 2014 |
Last Update Posted: | June 14, 2017 |
Last Verified: | May 2017 |
Keywords provided by Jessica Cooperstone, Ohio State University:
Papaya Carrot Tomato Carotenoids |
Lycopene Beta-carotene Beta-cryptoxanthin |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Lycopene Carotenoids Beta Carotene Beta-Cryptoxanthin Antioxidants Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Protective Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs |
Radiation-Protective Agents Anticarcinogenic Agents Antineoplastic Agents Provitamins Vitamins Micronutrients Growth Substances |