Keratinocyte Growth Factor to Prevent Autoimmunity After Alemtuzumab Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (CAM-THY)

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01712945
• Recruitment Status: Terminated
• First Posted: October 24, 2012
• Last Update Posted: April 30, 2019
• Sponsor: Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): Alasdair Coles, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The purpose of this study is to test a novel strategy to prevent the clinical problem of secondary autoimmunity following alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis.

The hypothesis is that autoimmunity after alemtuzumab can be prevented by giving a drug that promotes thymic T cell regeneration (Palifermin, Kepivance®).

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Multiple Sclerosis	Drug: Palifermin; Drug: Alemtuzumab	Phase 1; Phase 2

Detailed Description:

This is a single-centre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial of palifermin (Kepivance) vs. placebo in the prevention of autoimmunity following alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis.

The dose of palifermin (kepivance)used in this trial will be informed by a dose-escalation study.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 40 participants
• Allocation: Randomized
• Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Official Title: Keratinocyte Growth Factor - Promoting Thymic Reconstitution and Preventing Autoimmunity After Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
• Actual Study Start Date: June 2012
• Actual Primary Completion Date: August 2017
• Actual Study Completion Date: October 2017

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Palifermin (and Alemtuzumab); Palifermin (Kepivance®), at the maximum identified tolerated dose will be administered by intravenous bolus on days -5, -4. -3 prior to, and on days 8, 9 and 10 after each cycle of alemtuzumab, then again on 3 consecutive days at month 1 and month 3 after each cycle of alemtuzumab. Patients will be observed for adverse reactions for at least 1 to 2 hours following each bolus dose. Initial treatment alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 60 mg IV over 5 consecutive days (12mg/day). For re-treatment at Month 12, alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 36mg IV over 3 consecutive days (12mg/day).	Drug: Palifermin; Palifermin (Kepivance®) administered by intravenous bolus on days -5, -4. -3 prior to, and on days 8, 9 and 10 after each cycle of alemtuzumab, then again on 3 consecutive days at month 1 and month 3 after each cycle of alemtuzumab. Patients will be observed for adverse reactions for at least 1 to 2 hours following each bolus dose.; Other Names: Kepivance; keratinocyte growth factor; Drug: Alemtuzumab; Initial treatment alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 60 mg IV over 5 consecutive days (12mg/day). For re-treatment at Month 12, alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 36mg IV over 3 consecutive days (12mg/day).; Other Name: Campath-1H
Placebo Comparator: Placebo (and Alemtuzumab); Initial treatment alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 60 mg IV over 5 consecutive days (12mg/day). For re-treatment at Month 12, alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 36mg IV over 3 consecutive days (12mg/day).	Drug: Alemtuzumab; Initial treatment alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 60 mg IV over 5 consecutive days (12mg/day). For re-treatment at Month 12, alemtuzumab will be administered as a fixed total dose of 36mg IV over 3 consecutive days (12mg/day).; Other Name: Campath-1H

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. incidence of clinical autoimmunity [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   The primary endpoint is incidence of clinical autoimmunity within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Absolute numbers of naive T cells [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Absolute numbers of naive T cells
2. Safety events [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Safety outcomes - incidence and nature of adverse events

Other Outcome Measures:

1. Time at which autoimmunity develops [ Time Frame: Within 30 months after alemtuzumab ]
2. Reconstitution of lymphocyte subsets [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Percentage of naive, central memory, effector memory and effector memory RA cells within the CD4 and CD8 T cell populations
3. T cell receptor (TCR) clonality [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   T cell receptor (TCR) clonality
4. Thymic function [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Thymic function - determined by measuring TRECs
5. Thymic volume [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Thymic volume and density - as assessed by non-contrast enhanced, low dose CT scans of the chest performed at baseline and month 6.
6. Thymic density [ Time Frame: within 30 months of starting treatment with alemtuzumab ]
   Thymic volume and density - as assessed by non-contrast enhanced, low dose CT scans of the chest performed at baseline and month 6.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Months to 50 Years (Child, Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or non-pregnant, non-lactating female patients
• > 18 years of age, and <50 years of age inclusive
• Diagnosis of MS using McDonald's 2010 criteria, including MRI abnormalities consistent with McDonald's 2010 criteria.
• Onset of first MS symptoms within 10 years on the date the ICF is signed
• EDSS score 0.0 to 5.0 (inclusive) at screening
• At least 2 clinical episodes of MS in the 2 years prior to study entry, with at least 1 attack within 12 months, which may have occurred whilst on disease-modifying therapy, namely any beta interferon or glatiramer acetate.
• Serum IL-7≤7pg/mL

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any progressive form of multiple sclerosis
• Previous thymectomy
• Previous treatment with alemtuzumab, natalizumab, mitoxantrone, cyclophosphomide, cladribine, rituximab or any other immunosuppressant or cytotoxic therapy (other than steroids and disease-modifying therapies listed above)
• History of malignancy
• Personal history of clinically significant autoimmune disease, other than multiple sclerosis (including but not limited to: thyroid disease, immune cytopenias, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, lupus, severe asthma)
• Intolerance of pulsed corticosteroids, especially a history of steroid psychosis
• Major systemic disease or other illness that would, in the opinion of the investigator, compromise patient safety or interfere with the interpretation of study results.
• Seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
• Past or present hepatitis B infection (positive hepatitis B serology)
• Pregnant women or male and female patients who do not agree to use effective contraception during the study.
• Medical, psychiatric, cognitive or other conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, compromise the patient's ability to understand the patient information, to give informed consent, to comply with the trial protocol, or to complete the study.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United Kingdom

Addenbrooke's Hospital

Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, CB2 2QQ

Sponsors and Collaborators

Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Investigators

• Principal Investigator: Alasdair Coles, Phd FRCP; University of Cambridge

More Information

Publications:

Coles AJ, Fox E, Vladic A, Gazda SK, Brinar V, Selmaj KW, Bass AD, Wynn DR, Margolin DH, Lake SL, Moran S, Palmer J, Smith MS, Compston DA. Alemtuzumab versus interferon β-1a in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: post-hoc and subset analyses of clinical efficacy outcomes. Lancet Neurol. 2011 Apr;10(4):338-48. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70020-5.

Jones JL, Phuah CL, Cox AL, Thompson SA, Ban M, Shawcross J, Walton A, Sawcer SJ, Compston A, Coles AJ. IL-21 drives secondary autoimmunity in patients with multiple sclerosis, following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion with alemtuzumab (Campath-1H). J Clin Invest. 2009 Jul;119(7):2052-61. doi: 10.1172/JCI37878. Epub 2009 Jun 22.

Cox AL, Thompson SA, Jones JL, Robertson VH, Hale G, Waldmann H, Compston DA, Coles AJ. Lymphocyte homeostasis following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Immunol. 2005 Nov;35(11):3332-42.

CAMMS223 Trial Investigators, Coles AJ, Compston DA, Selmaj KW, Lake SL, Moran S, Margolin DH, Norris K, Tandon PK. Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2008 Oct 23;359(17):1786-801. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802670.

Bruinsma M, van Soest PL, Leenen PJ, Lambrecht BN, Cupedo T, Löwenberg B, Cornelissen JJ, Braakman E. Keratinocyte growth factor induces expansion of murine peripheral CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and increases their thymic output. J Immunol. 2007 Dec 1;179(11):7424-30.

Miller RD, Caulfield MJ, Calkins CE. Expression and regulation of a recurrent anti-erythrocyte autoantibody idiotype in spleen cells from neonatal and adult BALB/c mice. J Immunol. 1992 Apr 15;148(8):2452-5.

Min D, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Kuro-O M, Holländer GA, Blazar BR, Weinberg KI. Sustained thymopoiesis and improvement in functional immunity induced by exogenous KGF administration in murine models of aging. Blood. 2007 Mar 15;109(6):2529-37. Epub 2006 Nov 30.

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Coles AJ, Azzopardi L, Kousin-Ezewu O, Mullay HK, Thompson SA, Jarvis L, Davies J, Howlett S, Rainbow D, Babar J, Sadler TJ, Brown JWL, Needham E, May K, Georgieva ZG, Handel AE, Maio S, Deadman M, Rota I, Holländer G, Dawson S, Jayne D, Seggewiss-Bernhardt R, Douek DC, Isaacs JD, Jones JL. Keratinocyte growth factor impairs human thymic recovery from lymphopenia. JCI Insight. 2019 May 7;5. pii: 125377. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.125377.

• Responsible Party: Alasdair Coles, Principal Investigator, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01712945
• Other Study ID Numbers: EudraCT 2011-005606-30
• First Posted: October 24, 2012
• Last Update Posted: April 30, 2019
• Last Verified: April 2019

Keywords provided by Alasdair Coles, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust:

Alemtuzumab; Palifermin; Reconstitution; Thymus

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Multiple Sclerosis; Autoimmune Diseases; Sclerosis; Pathologic Processes; Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS; Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System; Nervous System Diseases; Demyelinating Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Alemtuzumab; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antineoplastic Agents