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Functional MRI Biomarkers of Cognitive Decrements in Diabetes

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01705210
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : October 12, 2012
Last Update Posted : April 10, 2015
Sponsor:
Collaborators:
ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Maastricht University Medical Center

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
The exact neuronal mechanism underlying the cognitive decline associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) still remains to be elucidated. Multi-parametric functional MRI can potentially provide functional, micro-structural, micro-vascular, and metabolic information on the affected brain at an earlier stage than does conventional structural MRI. The overall aim of the current proposal is to obtain a better understanding in the neuronal mechanisms that underlie cognitive decline in DM2 and the putative prediabetic condition the metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Condition or disease
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Metabolic Syndrome X Mild Cognitive Impairment

Detailed Description:

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a common chronic metabolic disorder that affects 4.1% of the Dutch population. In addition to vascular disease, DM2 is associated with structural brain changes visible on MRI, accelerated cognitive decline, and dementia in older individuals. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive decrements in DM2 still remain to be elucidated. The 'metabolic syndrome' (MetS), defined as a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors (including obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) is often considered a prediabetic condition. Individuals with MetS display similar cognitive decrements as do DM2 patients, but do not share the severity of brain injury. It has been indicated that in prediabetic MetS, cognitive problems precede structural brain changes, and that MetS and DM2 affect the brain through a shared mechanism in which vascular co-morbidity is essential.

The primary objectives are defined according to a hierarchical design: i) to tailor and apply multi-parametric, functional MRI techniques to identify cerebral abnormalities (cerebral biomarkers) in DM2 and MetS; ii) to investigate which cerebral biomarkers are shared and differ between DM2 and MetS; iii) to assess whether these cerebral biomarkers are associated with cognitive decrements.

Study Design
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Study Type : Observational
Actual Enrollment : 106 participants
Observational Model: Cohort
Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
Official Title: Functional MRI Biomarkers of Cognitive Decrements in Diabetes
Study Start Date : May 2012
Actual Primary Completion Date : April 2015
Actual Study Completion Date : April 2015

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine


Groups and Cohorts
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Group/Cohort
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2)
metabolic syndrome (MetS)
healthy controls


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Functional and structural connectivity relationships of multiple brain regions and biomarkers of brain alterations [ Time Frame: subjects will be assessed once (on 1 day) ]
    Differences in macro-structural, micro-structural, and metabolic concentrations between patients and healthy controls will be evaluated. These MRI measures include volumetric characteristics (e.g. hyper-intensities, white matter lesions, atrophy), quantitative measures (e.g. T2 relaxation times, mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy), functional characteristics (e.g. activated regions, cerebral blood flow), metabolic characteristics (e.g. concentration of metabolites), network properties (e.g. functional and structural connectivity, graph-theoretical measures).


Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Anthropometrics [ Time Frame: subjects will be assessed once (on 1 day) ]
    Simple anthropometric measurements will include: Body mass index will be calculated as the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m). Waist circumference (WC) will be taken as the minimum circumference between the umbilicus and xiphoid process and measured to the nearest 0.5 cm.

  2. Mental health [ Time Frame: subjects will be assessed once (on 1 day) ]
    For assessment of mental health, specifically depression, the Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination will be used.

  3. Lifestyle [ Time Frame: subjects will be assessed once (on 1 day) ]
    Lifestyle specifics, including alcohol consumption, smoking behavior and mobility will be obtained through a questionnaire.

  4. Cardiovascular risk factors [ Time Frame: subjects will be assessed once (on 1 day) ]

    Blood samples will be assessed for:

    Fasting circulating levels of glucose, albumin, creatinin, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c and uric acid.



Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   40 Years to 75 Years   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Sampling Method:   Probability Sample
Study Population
Matched subjects aged 40-75 years with Diabetes mellitus type 2, metabolic syndrome, and healthy controls
Criteria

Inclusion criteria:

  • Subjects aged 40-75 years
  • Subjects enrolled in the existing 'Maastricht Study' (M-Study)
  • Subjects gave written consent to be approached for additional research
  • Subjects belongs to the 20% of the worst and 20% of the best performing (as based on neuropsychological cognitive testing (Stroop color-word test, 15 word learning test, and Delayed recall and recognition 15 word learning test)

Individuals Diabetes type 2:

- Fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l, after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l or used oral glucose-lowering medication or insulin

Metabolic syndrome:

  • Participants should meet three out of 5 of the following criteria [8]:

    1. Waist circumference > 88 cm (women), > 102 cm (men)
    2. Triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/l
    3. HDL cholesterol < 1.3 mmol/l (women), < 1.0 mmol/l (men)
    4. Blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg (or medication)

    5. Fasting blood glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/l, after an OGTT blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/l

      Control participants:

  • Those who fulfilled no more than 1 criterium of the metabolic syndrome, no DM2.

Exclusion criteria:

  • Contra-indications for MRI examination (e.g. pacemaker; neurostimulator; medication pump; cochlear or hearing implant; tattoos or other items that cannot be removed and include metal parts (for instance from operations in the past); metal splinter in the eye; pregnancy and claustrophobia; brain vessel clamps; denture, which contains magnets).
  • Psychiatric co-morbidity and inability to perform the functional MRI tests.
  • Incomplete cognitive assessment data
  • Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1)
  • Subjects who are not belonging to the 20% of the worst and 20% of the best performing individuals (as based on neuropsychological cognitive testing (Stroop color-word test, 15 word learning test, and Delayed recall and recognition 15 word learning test).
  • Last visit of the subjects to the M-Study should be less than one year
Contacts and Locations
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To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01705210


Locations
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Netherlands
Maastricht University Medical Center
Maastricht, Netherlands, 6202 AZ
Sponsors and Collaborators
Maastricht University Medical Center
ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Jacobus FA Jansen, PhD Maastricht University Medical Center
More Information
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Publications of Results:

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Responsible Party: Maastricht University Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01705210    
Other Study ID Numbers: NL34329.068.10 / METC 10-2-023
916.11.059 ( Other Grant/Funding Number: NWO/ZonMW VENI )
First Posted: October 12, 2012    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: April 10, 2015
Last Verified: April 2015
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Diabetes Mellitus
Metabolic Syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Cognitive Dysfunction
Glucose Metabolism Disorders
Metabolic Diseases
 Endocrine System Diseases
Cognition Disorders
Neurocognitive Disorders
Mental Disorders
Insulin Resistance
Hyperinsulinism