Pediatric Lupus Trial of Belimumab Plus Background Standard Therapy (PLUTO)

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01649765

Recruitment Status : Active, not recruiting

First Posted : July 25, 2012

Results First Posted : August 15, 2018

Last Update Posted : November 16, 2022

View this study on Beta.ClinicalTrials.gov

Sponsor:

Collaborator:

Human Genome Sciences Inc., a GSK Company

Information provided by (Responsible Party):

GlaxoSmithKline

Study Description

Brief Summary:

This is a multi-center study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of belimumab intravenous (IV) in pediatric patients 5 to 17 years of age with active systemic lupus erythematosus

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus	Drug: belimumab 10mg/kg Other: placebo	Phase 2

Expanded Access : An investigational treatment associated with this study is no longer available outside the clinical trial. More info ...

Detailed Description:

This is a multi-center study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of belimumab intravenous (IV) in pediatric patients 5 to 17 years of age with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SELENA SLEDAI score ≥ 6). The study will consist of three phases: a 52-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase; a long term open label continuation phase; and a long term safety follow up phase. The long term open label continuation and safety follow up periods will continue for at least 5 years and possibly up to 10 years from a subject's initial treatment with belimumab. Enrolment will be staggered by age cohorts to allow safety and PK interim analyses. Subjects will be randomized to belimumab 10mg/kg or placebo IV monthly dosing while continuing to receive background standard therapy throughout the study. An independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) will monitor the study as it progresses.

Study Design

Layout table for study information

Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment :	93 participants
Allocation:	Randomized
Intervention Model:	Parallel Assignment
Masking:	Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose:	Treatment
Official Title:	A Multi-center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Belimumab, a Human Monoclonal Anti-BLyS Antibody, Plus Standard Therapy in Pediatric Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Actual Study Start Date :	September 7, 2012
Actual Primary Completion Date :	January 24, 2018
Estimated Study Completion Date :	April 5, 2028

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus Genetics related topics: Systemic lupus erythematosus

MedlinePlus related topics: Lupus

Drug Information available for: Belimumab

U.S. FDA Resources

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Arm 1 belimumab 10mg/kg IV monthly	Drug: belimumab 10mg/kg belimumab 10mg/kg IV monthly
Placebo Comparator: Arm 2 Normal Saline IV monthly	Other: placebo Normal Saline 250 ml Other Name: Normal Saline

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

Percentage of Participants With SLE Responder Index (SRI) Response at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Week 52 ]
SRI response is defined as >=4 point reduction, from Baseline in safety of estrogen in lupus national assessment (SELENA) systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) score, no worsening (increase of <0.30 points from Baseline) in physician's global assessment (PGA) and no new British Isles Lupus Assessment Group of SLE clinics (BILAG) A organ domain score or 2 new BILAG B organ domain scores compared with Baseline. Analysis was performed using a logistic regression model for the comparison between belimumab and placebo with covariates treatment group, Baseline SELENA SLEDAI score (<=12 vs. >=13). Percentage of participants with SRI response at Week 52 of Part A were reported. Intent-to-Treat Population comprised of all participants who were randomized and treated with at least one dose of study agent in Part A. One participant had missing data at Baseline and therefore, could not be included in the analysis.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

Percentage of Participants Meeting Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO)/ American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Juvenile SLE Response Evaluation Criteria for Improvement in Juvenile SLE at Week 52 Using Definition 1 and 2 [ Time Frame: Week 52 ]
Percentage of participants meeting PRINTO/ACR Juvenile SLE Response Evaluation criteria for improvement in juvenile SLE using two different PRINTO/ACR Juvenile SLE Response Evaluation definitions of improvement that is Definition 1: At least 50% improvement in any 2 of 5 endpoints below and no more than 1 of the remaining worsening by more than 30% and Definition 2: At least 30% improvement in 3 of 5 endpoints below and no more than 1 of the remaining worsening more than 30%. Endpoints were: 1. Percent change in Parent's Global Assessment (ParentGA) at Week 52, 2. Percent change in PGA at Week 52, 3. Percent change in SELENA SLEDAI score at Week 52, 4. Percent change in Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) physical functioning domain at Week 52, 5. Percent change in 24 hour proteinuria at Week 52 (gram/24hour equivalent by spot urine protein to creatinine ratio).
Percent Change From Baseline in ParentGA at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Week 52 ]
ParentGA assesses the participant's overall well-being at the moment rated on a 21-numbered circle visual analog scale (VAS; 0 - very well, 10 - very poorly). Baseline was defined as measurements at Day 0. Percent change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from value at Week 52 divided by the Baseline value X 100. Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) was used. Eight participants had a score of zero at Baseline and therefore, could not be included in the analysis.
Percent Change From Baseline in PGA at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Week 52 ]
The PGA is a 10 centimeter (cm) visual analogue scale (VAS), anchored at 0 (none) and 3 (severe), designed for the physician to indicate the participant's overall disease activity at a particular visit as part of the validated SELENA SLEDAI index. Primary investigator or a subinvestigator scored the PGA for the participant, and same person evaluated the participant each time. Baseline was defined as measurements at Day 0. Percent change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from value at Week 52 divided by the Baseline value X 100. LOCF was used.
Percent Change From Baseline in SELENA SLEDAI at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Week 52 ]
The SELENA SLEDAI score is a weighted index for assessing SLE disease activity in which signs and symptoms, laboratory tests and physician's assessment for each of 9 organ system were given a weighted score and summed if present at the time of the visit or in the preceding 10 days. A SELENA SLEDAI score of 0 would suggest no lupus activity; while a score of 105 is the maximum calculable if all items were scored as being present from active lupus. A decrease of 4 points or more equates to a clinically meaningful improvement. Baseline was defined as measurements at Day 0. Percent change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from value at Week 52 divided by the Baseline value X 100. One participant had missing data at Baseline and therefore, could not be included in the analysis.
Percent Change From Baseline in PedsQL Physical Functioning Domain Score at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Week 52 ]
The PedsQL is a generic quality of life scale validated for the pediatric population which consists of 23 items, encompassing 4 health domains: Physical Functioning (8 items), Emotional Functioning (5 items), Social Functioning (5 items), and School Functioning (5 items). From the raw scores of the 23 items, a total summary score and individual domain scores can be calculated. The total and domain scores are each transformed on a 0 to 100 score with higher scores indicating higher quality of life. For Physical Functioning Domain scale, score was from 0 to 100 where, 0 indicates lower quality of life and 100 indicates greater quality of life. Baseline was defined as measurements at Day 0. Percent change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from value at Week 52 divided by the Baseline Value X 100. LOCF was used.
Percent Change From Baseline in Proteinuria at Week 52 [ Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Week 52 ]
Percent change from Baseline in proteinuria was calculated. The percent change from baseline to Week 52 in 24 hour proteinuria was analyzed using summary statistics and 95% confidence intervals, without any adjustment for covariates. Baseline was defined as measurements at Day 0. Percent change from Baseline was calculated by subtracting the Baseline value from value at Week 52 divided by the Baseline Value X 100. LOCF was used.
Percentage of Participants With a Sustained SRI Response [ Time Frame: Up to 52 weeks ]
Sustained SRI response was defined as having a response on the primary efficacy endpoint at Weeks 44, 48, and 52. Data for percentage of participants with a sustained SRI response was presented. Drop Outs and Treatment Failures were considered Non-Responders. Only those participants with data available at specific time point were analyzed.
Percentage of Participants With a Sustained ParentGA Response [ Time Frame: Up to 52 weeks ]
Sustained ParentGA response was defined as having >0.7 improvement at Weeks 44, 48, and 52 compared at Baseline. Data for percentage of participants with a sustained ParentGA response was presented. Thirteen participants had a score of <=0.7 at Baseline and therefore, could not be included in the analysis.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) [ Time Frame: Up to 60 weeks ]
An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant, temporarily associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. Any untoward event resulting in death, life threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, congenital anomaly/birth defect, any other situation according to medical or scientific judgment or all events of possible drug-induced liver injury with hyperbilirubinemia were categorized as SAE. Number of participants with AEs and SAEs have been reported.
Maximum Concentration at Steady State (Cmax, ss) and Minimum Concentration at Steady State (Cmin, ss) [ Time Frame: 28-days dosing interval at steady state ]
The pharmacokinetic (PK) population comprised all participants included in the As- Treated population for whom at least one post belimumab treatment PK sample was obtained and analyzed. The PK model was fitted to the observed serum concentration-time data. The maximum (Cmax) and minimum (Cmin) concentrations reported in this table are model derived values at ss, assuming a 10 mg/kg dose administered once every 28 days.
Area Under Curve of Belimumab at Steady State (AUC, ss) [ Time Frame: 28-days dosing interval at steady state ]
The PK model was fitted to the observed serum concentration-time data. The AUC values reported in this table are model derived values at ss, assuming a 10 mg/kg dose administered once every 28 days.

Eligibility Criteria

Information from the National Library of Medicine

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.

Layout table for eligibility information

Ages Eligible for Study:	5 Years to 17 Years (Child)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

5 years to 17 years of age at enrollment
Have a clinical diagnosis of SLE according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria.
Have active SLE disease (SELENA SLEDAI score ≥ 6).
Have positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) test results.
Are on a stable SLE treatment regimen at a fixed dose for a period of at least 30 days prior to Day 0.
Females of childbearing age are willing to use appropriate contraception
Subject age appropriate assent and parent or legal guardian informed consent to participate

Exclusion Criteria:

Pregnant or nursing.
Have received treatment with belimumab (BENLYSTA®) at any time. (BENLYSTA® is a registered trademark of the GSK group of companies.)
Treatment with any B cell targeted therapy (for example, rituximab) or an investigational biological agent in the past year.
Have received anti-TNF therapy; Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; IVIG; or plasmapheresis within 90 days of Day 0.
Have received high dose prednisone or equivalent (>1.5mg/kg/day) within 60 days of baseline.
Have received intravenous (IV) cyclophosphamide within 60 days of Day 0.
Have received any new immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory agent, anti-malarial agent within 60 days of baseline.
Have severe lupus kidney disease.
Have active central nervous system (CNS) lupus.
Have had a major organ transplant.
Have significant unstable or uncontrolled acute or chronic diseases or conditions not due to SLE.
Have a planned surgical procedure.
History of malignant neoplasm within the last 5 years.
Have required management of acute or chronic infections in the past 60 days.
Have current drug or alcohol abuse or dependence.
Have a historically positive test, or test positive at screening for HIV, Hepatitis B, or Hepatitis C.
Have an IgA deficiency.
Have severe laboratory abnormalities.
Have had anaphylactic reaction to X-ray contrast agents or biologic agents.
Suicidal behavior or ideation.
Children in Care(CiC): a child who has been placed under the control or protection of an agency, organisation, institution or entity by the courts, the government or a government body, acting in accordance with powers conferred on them by law or regulation.

Contacts and Locations

Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01649765

Locations

Layout table for location information

United States, Arizona
GSK Investigational Site
Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85016
United States, District of Columbia
GSK Investigational Site
Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010
United States, Georgia
GSK Investigational Site
Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30912
United States, Missouri
GSK Investigational Site
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63104
United States, New York
GSK Investigational Site
Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
GSK Investigational Site
New York, New York, United States, 10032
United States, Ohio
GSK Investigational Site
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45229
Argentina
GSK Investigational Site
Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina, 2000
GSK Investigational Site
Capital Federal, Argentina, C1270AAN
GSK Investigational Site
Santa Fe, Argentina, 5400
Canada, Alberta
GSK Investigational Site
Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T3B 6A8
Canada, Ontario
GSK Investigational Site
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8
Japan
GSK Investigational Site
Aichi, Japan, 474-8710
GSK Investigational Site
Kagoshima, Japan, 890-8520
GSK Investigational Site
Miyagi, Japan, 989-3126
GSK Investigational Site
Tokyo, Japan, 113-8519
Mexico
GSK Investigational Site
San Luis Potosí, Mexico, 78240
Peru
GSK Investigational Site
Lima, Peru, Lima 27
GSK Investigational Site
Lima, Peru, Lima 33
GSK Investigational Site
Lima, Peru, Lima 5
Poland
GSK Investigational Site
Lodz, Poland, 91-738
GSK Investigational Site
Warszawa, Poland, 02-637
Russian Federation
GSK Investigational Site
Moscow, Russian Federation, 119435
GSK Investigational Site
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194100
GSK Investigational Site
Tolyatti, Russian Federation, 445846
Spain
GSK Investigational Site
Esplugues De Llobregat. Barcelona, Spain, 08950
GSK Investigational Site
Madrid, Spain, 28034
GSK Investigational Site
Valencia, Spain, 46026
United Kingdom
GSK Investigational Site
Bristol, United Kingdom, BS2 8BJ
GSK Investigational Site
Liverpool, United Kingdom, L12 2AP
GSK Investigational Site
London, United Kingdom, NW1 2PG
GSK Investigational Site
London, United Kingdom, WC1N 3JH

Sponsors and Collaborators

GlaxoSmithKline

Human Genome Sciences Inc., a GSK Company

Investigators

Layout table for investigator information

Study Director:	GSK Clinical Trials	GlaxoSmithKline

Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by GlaxoSmithKline:

Study Protocol [PDF] December 12, 2016

Statistical Analysis Plan [PDF] March 16, 2018

More Information

Publications:

Brunner HI, Abud-Mendoza C, Viola DO, Calvo Penades I, Levy D, Anton J, Calderon JE, Chasnyk VG, Ferrandiz MA, Keltsev V, Paz Gastanaga ME, Shishov M, Boteanu AL, Henrickson M, Bass D, Clark K, Hammer A, Ji BN, Nino A, Roth DA, Struemper H, Wang ML, Martini A, Lovell D, Ruperto N; Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO) and the Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group (PRCSG). Safety and efficacy of intravenous belimumab in children with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Oct;79(10):1340-1348. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217101. Epub 2020 Jul 22.

Brunner HI, Abud-Mendoza C, Mori M, Pilkington CA, Syed R, Takei S, Viola DO, Furie RA, Navarra S, Zhang F, Bass DL, Eriksson G, Hammer AE, Ji BN, Okily M, Roth DA, Quasny H, Ruperto N. Efficacy and safety of belimumab in paediatric and adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an across-study comparison. RMD Open. 2021 Sep;7(3):e001747. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001747.

Zhou X, Lee TI, Zhu M, Ma P. Prediction of Belimumab Pharmacokinetics in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Drugs R D. 2021 Dec;21(4):407-417. doi: 10.1007/s40268-021-00363-2. Epub 2021 Oct 9.

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Hannon CW, McCourt C, Lima HC, Chen S, Bennett C. Interventions for cutaneous disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Mar 9;3(3):CD007478. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007478.pub2.

Layout table for additonal information

Responsible Party:	GlaxoSmithKline
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT01649765
Other Study ID Numbers:	114055 2011-000368-88 ( EudraCT Number )
First Posted:	July 25, 2012 Key Record Dates
Results First Posted:	August 15, 2018
Last Update Posted:	November 16, 2022
Last Verified:	November 2022
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement:
Plan to Share IPD:	No

Keywords provided by GlaxoSmithKline:


SLE Flare Index SRI belimumab efficacy safety B lymphocyte BLyS SELENA SLEDAI	BILAG Lupus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) PGA Pharmacokinetics placebo PRINTO

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Layout table for MeSH terms

Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases Autoimmune Diseases Immune System Diseases	Belimumab Immunosuppressive Agents Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs

To Top