Thinking, Walking Outcomes by Type of Exercise (2-STEP)
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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01635348 |
Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : July 9, 2012
Last Update Posted : July 30, 2015
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Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
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Gait Disorder, Sensorimotor Cognitive Disorder | Behavioral: motor skill gait exercise Behavioral: aerobic gait intervention | Phase 2 |
Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
Actual Enrollment : | 22 participants |
Allocation: | Randomized |
Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
Masking: | Single (Outcomes Assessor) |
Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
Official Title: | Benefits of Two Types of Therapeutic Exercise on Gait and Cognition |
Study Start Date : | January 2011 |
Actual Primary Completion Date : | May 2013 |
Actual Study Completion Date : | October 2013 |

Arm | Intervention/treatment |
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Experimental: motor skill gait exercise arm
motor skill gait exercise intervention: stepping and walking patterns, and speed interval treadmill-assisted walking to enhance timing and coordination in walking
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Behavioral: motor skill gait exercise
The motor skill gait exercise is a task-oriented motor sequence learning approach to exercise to improve walking. The approach involves goal-directed stepping and walking patterns to facilitate use of the appropriate muscles at the appropriate timing relative to body position during gait through the task performance. Treadmill-assisted walking in brief intervals of small increased speed walking interspersed with usual walking speed are performed to induce the automatic rhythm and timing of gait. The exercise sessions are about 60 minutes, 2-3 times a week for 12 weeks or a total of 30-36 sessions.
Other Names:
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Active Comparator: aerobic gait exercise arm
aerobic gait exercise intervention: treadmill-assisted and overground walking exercise to enhance walking practice and improve endurance in walking
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Behavioral: aerobic gait intervention
The aerobic gait intervention approach involves treadmill and overground walking with the gradual increases in the distance walked and speed of walking. The exercise approach provides walking practice, including on the treadmill to facilitate the timing of stepping during gait, while also facilitating a fitness or conditioning response, and endurance for walking activities. The exercise sessions are about 60 minutes, 2-3 times weekly for 12 weeks, or about 30-36 sessions.
Other Names:
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- integrated measure of thinking while walking [ Time Frame: 12 weeks ]The outcome measure is a cognitive task such as working memory, visual-spatial orientation, and set shifting measures of cognitive function performed while walking over an oval track.
- gait [ Time Frame: 12 weeks ]energy cost of walking, gait smoothness, gait speed and spatial and temporal gait characteristics under usual and challenging gait conditions, gait abnormalities, and walking endurance

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Ages Eligible for Study: | 65 Years and older (Older Adult) |
Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
- slow gait speed (<= 1.0m/s and >= .6m/s)
- slow cognitive processing (digit symbol substitution < age-adjusted norm
- medical clearance from primary physician for participation in exercise
Exclusion Criteria:
- dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment MCI
- pain while walking that limits walking
- active medical conditions, not controlled or managed

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01635348
United States, Pennsylvania | |
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physical Therapy | |
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15260 |
Principal Investigator: | Jessie M VanSwearingen, PhD, PT | University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physical Therapy |
Responsible Party: | University of Pittsburgh |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01635348 |
Other Study ID Numbers: |
PRO10090070 P30AG024827 ( U.S. NIH Grant/Contract ) |
First Posted: | July 9, 2012 Key Record Dates |
Last Update Posted: | July 30, 2015 |
Last Verified: | June 2012 |
gait speed cognitive processing speed |
Gait Disorders, Neurologic Disease Cognition Disorders Pathologic Processes |
Neurocognitive Disorders Mental Disorders Neurologic Manifestations Nervous System Diseases |