Study of the Combination of Panobinostat and Carfilzomib in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01496118
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: December 21, 2011
• Results First Posted: February 2, 2022
• Last Update Posted: February 2, 2022
• Sponsor: SCRI Development Innovations, LLC
• Collaborators: Onyx Therapeutics, Inc.; Novartis
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): SCRI Development Innovations, LLC

Study Description

Brief Summary:

Relapsed/refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable disorder with a poor prognosis. Carfilzomib is a novel proteasome inhibitor with activity in this setting. Panobinostat is a pan-deacetylase inhibitor which has shown synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo with proteasome inhibitors. The combination should enhance the activity of both agents against myeloma cells. In Phase I, the optimal doses of the combination of carfilzomib and panobinostat will be determined. Assuming this combination is feasible, the Phase II portion will proceed using the doses determined in Phase I.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Multiple Myeloma	Drug: panobinostat; Drug: carfilzomib	Phase 1; Phase 2

Detailed Description:

In this open-label, non-randomized Phase I/II study, a maximum of 4 planned dose levels of carfilzomib and panobinostat were evaluated to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) to administer. The MTD was not reached so patients in Phase II received treatment at dose level 4 to further assess efficacy. Response to treatment was evaluated after each 4-week cycle. Those having an objective response or stable disease are continuing treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs.

As the MTD in the 4 planned dose levels were not reached, a parallel Phase I study was initiated to examine additional dose levels using a traditional 3+3 design. If these dose levels are tolerable, then more patients will be recruited into an expansion cohort to assess efficacy at the new dose level(s).

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 80 participants
• Allocation: N/A
• Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Phase I/II Study of the Combination of Panobinostat and Carfilzomib in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
• Study Start Date: December 2011
• Actual Primary Completion Date: December 2020
• Actual Study Completion Date: December 2020

Arms and Interventions

Arm

Intervention/treatment

Experimental: Carfilzomib and Panobinostat; Phase I: Carfilzomib: cycle 1 - Dose is 20 mg/m^2 IV on day 1; 27 or 36 or 45 or 56 mg/m^2 IV on Days 8, 9, 15, 16 cycle 2 to progression - 27 or 36 or 45 or 56 mg/m^2 IV on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16 Panobinostat: cycle 1 and cycle 2 to progression - 20 mg or 30 mg on days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17, 19 Phase II: Carfilzomib and Panobinostat: Dose is optimal dose determined in Phase I

Drug: panobinostat; Specified dose on specified days; Other Name: LBH589 (Panobinostat); Drug: carfilzomib; Specified dose on specified days; Other Name: PX-171-007

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Number of Phase I Patients (Dose Level 1-6) Experiencing a Dose-Limiting Toxicity (DLT) to Determine the Optimal Dosage [ Time Frame: 28 days from the start of study treatment ]

   Using a traditional 3+3 dose escalation design, successive cohorts of subjects will receive a fixed dose level of the drug combination. The MTD is defined as the highest dose level at which ≤1 of 6 subjects experiences a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) assessed by NCI CTCAE v4.0. DLT is defined as any of the following that are determined to be related to study treatment during Cycle 1:

   Grade 4 neutropenia for >7 days, Febrile neutropenia, Grade 3 thrombocytopenia with ≥ Grade 2 bleeding, Grade 4 thrombocytopenia > 7 days, ≥ Grade 2 neuropathy with uncontrolled pain, ≥ Grade 3 non-hematologic drug-related toxicity (excluding alopecia), despite optimal supportive care lasting >72 hours or requiring a dose reduction in the first cycle and Patients who are unable to receive 75% of the required doses of both agents secondary to toxicity. Number of Participants With such Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLT) at each level are reported here.

2. Phase II: Overall Response Rate [ Time Frame: up to 6 years ]
   Defined as the percentage of patients with confirmed complete response, very good partial response, or partial response (CR, VGPR, or PR) according to International Myeloma Working Group Uniform Response Criteria. CR=bone marrow contains ≤5% plasma cells; negative fixation on serum and urine; disappearance of soft tissue plasmacytomas. VGPR=≥90% reduction from baseline serum; urine M-protein level 100mg for 24h. PR=≥50% reduction from baseline in serum M-protein; disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytomas.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Time-to-progression (TTP) [ Time Frame: up to 6 years ]
   Measured from date of first treatment until date of first documented progression as per International Myeloma Working Group Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive disease id defined as an increase of ≥ 25% from the nadir in at least one of the following criteria: serum M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥0.5 g/dL); urine M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥200 mg/24h) ; only in patients with non-measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: difference in involved and uninvolved FLC levels (absolute increase must be >10 mg/dL); only in patients with non-measurable serum and urine M-protein levels and non-measurable disease by FLC levels, bone marrow plasma cell percentage (absolute % must be ≥10%) OR Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas OR definite increase in the size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas OR Development of hypercalcemia (corrected serum Ca >11.5mg/dL) for patients without hypercalcemia at baseline
2. Progression-free-survival (PFS) [ Time Frame: up to 6 years ]
   Measured from date of first protocol treatment until date of tumor progression or death as per International Myeloma Working Group Uniform Response Criteria. Progressive disease id defined as an increase of ≥ 25% from the nadir in at least one of the following criteria: serum M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥0.5 g/dL); urine M-protein (absolute increase must be ≥200 mg/24h) ; only in patients with non-measurable serum and urine M-protein levels: difference in involved and uninvolved FLC levels (absolute increase must be >10 mg/dL); only in patients with non-measurable serum and urine M-protein levels and non-measurable disease by FLC levels, bone marrow plasma cell percentage (absolute % must be ≥10%) OR Definite development of new bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas OR definite increase in the size of existing bone lesions or soft tissue plasmacytomas OR Development of hypercalcemia (corrected serum Ca >11.5mg/dL) for patients without hypercalcemia at baseline
3. Overall-survival (OS) [ Time Frame: up to 6 years ]
   Measured from time of first study treatment until date of death or date last known alive.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Eligible participants must have multiple myeloma using standard criteria.

2. Patients must have measurable disease requiring systemic therapy defined as at least one of the following:

   • Serum M-protein ≥1 g/dl (≥10 g/l)
   • Urine M-protein ≥200 mg/24 hrs
   • Serum free light chain assay: involved free light chain level ≥10 mg/dl (≥100 mg/l) provided the serum free light chain ratio is abnormal
3. Must have progressed during or after at least one previous bortezomib-containing treatment regimen. Patients who have received previous high-dose therapy/autologous stem cell transplantation are eligible.
4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2.

5. Must meet the following laboratory criteria:

   • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1000/μL;
   • Platelets ≥70,000/microL;
   • AST or ALT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) must be ≤ 2.5 x ULN, or ≤ 5 x ULN in patients with plasmacytomas of the liver;
   • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x the institutional ULN;
   • Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 ml/min;
   • Serum potassium, calcium, magnesium WNL (These may be corrected prior to starting therapy, to make the patient eligible.)
6. Ability to swallow oral medications.
7. Baseline MUGA or ECHO must demonstrate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ the lower limit of the institutional limits of normal.
8. Male or females ≥ 18 years of age.
9. Female patients must not be of child-bearing potential or must agree to use adequate contraceptive measures.
10. Male patients willing to use adequate contraceptive measures.
11. Willingness and ability to comply with the trial and follow-up procedures.
12. Ability to understand the nature of this trial and give written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Currently receiving or have received systemic cancer therapy (chemotherapy, biologic therapy) ≤ 21 days of initiating study therapy. For patients receiving small molecule targeted therapy, study treatment may begin >21 days after last dose or >5 half lives of previous treatment, whichever is shorter. Patients must have completed radiation therapy ≥7 days prior to starting study treatment. Patients must have recovered from or come to a new chronic stable baseline from all treatment-related toxicities. Dexamethasone or other high-dose steroid therapy must be stopped ≥ days prior to starting study treatment.
2. Previous treatment with HDAC, DAC, HSP90 or valproic acid for treatment of cancer.
3. Requires valproic acid for any medical condition during the study ≤5 days prior to first panobinostat treatment.
4. Patient has not recovered from all therapy-related toxicities associated with prior treatments to < Grade 2 CTCAE.
5. Known history of allergy to Captisol® (a cyclodextrin derivative used to solubilize carfilzomib).
6. Patients with pleural effusions requiring thoracentesis or ascites requiring paracentesis ≤14 days prior to study entry.
7. Patients using medications that have a risk of prolonging the QT interval or inducing Torsade de Pointes if treatment cannot be discontinued or switched to a different medication prior to receiving study drug.
8. Patients with > grade 2 diarrhea.
9. Patients with impaired cardiac function.
10. Infection requiring IV antibiotics.
11. Patients with > grade 2 peripheral neuropathy or with uncontrolled pain.
12. Women who are pregnant or lactating.
13. Any concurrent medical illness that may impair the ability of the patient to tolerate study treatment and comply with the requirements of the study.
14. Mental condition that would prevent patient comprehension of the nature of, and risk associated with, the study.
15. Use of any non-approved or investigational agent ≤30 days prior to administration of the first dose of study drug. Patients may not receive any other investigational or anti-cancer treatments while participating in this study.
16. Presence of other active cancers, or history of treatment for invasive cancer ≤ 5 years. Patients with stage I cancer who have received definitive local treatment at least 3 years previously, and are considered unlikely to recur are eligible. All patients with previously treated in situ carcinoma (i.e. non-invasive) are eligible, as are patients with history of non-melanoma skin cancer.

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, Colorado

Colorado Blood Cancer Institute

Denver, Colorado, United States, 80218

United States, Florida

Florida Cancer Specialists South

Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33916

Woodlands Medical Specialists

Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32503

Florida Cancer Specialists North

Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States, 33705

United States, Indiana

Providence Medical Group

Terre Haute, Indiana, United States, 47802

RHHP/Hope Cancer Center

Terre Haute, Indiana, United States, 47802

United States, Missouri

Research Medical Center

Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64132

United States, New Jersey

Hematology-Oncology Associates - Northern NJ

Morristown, New Jersey, United States, 07962

United States, Ohio

Oncology Hematology Care, Inc.

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45242

United States, Oklahoma

Cancer Centers of Southwest Oklahoma

Lawton, Oklahoma, United States, 73505

United States, Tennessee

Tennessee Oncology-Chattanooga

Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States, 37404

Tennessee Oncology

Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37205

United States, Texas

The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders

Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76104

Sponsors and Collaborators

SCRI Development Innovations, LLC

Onyx Therapeutics, Inc.

Novartis

Investigators

• Study Chair: Jesus Berdeja, MD; SCRI Development Innovations, LLC

  Study Documents (Full-Text)

Documents provided by SCRI Development Innovations, LLC:

Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan  [PDF] August 3, 2015

More Information

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Berdeja JG, Gregory TK, Faber EA, Hart LL, Mace JR, Arrowsmith ER, Flinn IW, Matous JV. A phase I/II study of the combination of panobinostat and carfilzomib in patients with relapsed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Final analysis of second dose-expansion cohort. Am J Hematol. 2021 Apr 1;96(4):428-435. doi: 10.1002/ajh.26088. Epub 2021 Jan 28.

Berdeja JG, Hart LL, Mace JR, Arrowsmith ER, Essell JH, Owera RS, Hainsworth JD, Flinn IW. Phase I/II study of the combination of panobinostat and carfilzomib in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2015 May;100(5):670-6. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2014.119735. Epub 2015 Feb 20.

• Responsible Party: SCRI Development Innovations, LLC
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01496118
• Other Study ID Numbers: SCRI MM 27
• First Posted: December 21, 2011
• Results First Posted: February 2, 2022
• Last Update Posted: February 2, 2022
• Last Verified: January 2022

Keywords provided by SCRI Development Innovations, LLC:

Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma; carfilzomib; panobinostat

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Hemostatic Disorders; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Paraproteinemias; Blood Protein Disorders; Hematologic Diseases; Hemorrhagic Disorders; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Immune System Diseases; Panobinostat; Antineoplastic Agents; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action