Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Grapes in Humans at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease - Full Text View

Purpose

The goal of the study is to determine whether grape consumption can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing the presence of inflammatory molecules and positively altering cholesterol levels, lipid profiles, and immune cell responses.

Condition	Intervention
Obesity Inflammation	Dietary Supplement: Grape powder, followed by placebo powder Dietary Supplement: Placebo powder followed by grape powder


Study Type:	Interventional
Study Design:	Allocation: Randomized Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator) Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Official Title:	Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Grapes in Humans at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

Further study details as provided by USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center:

Primary Outcome Measures:

Change in inflammatory mediators in serum [ Time Frame: 0, 1, 3, 4, 8, and 9 weeks ]
C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a), and soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) will be measured.

Secondary Outcome Measures:

Change in lipid particle size and quantity [ Time Frame: 0, 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 weeks ]
Lipid particle size will be measured using NMR spectroscopy, inlcuding chylomicrons, six VLDL subpopulations, IDL, three LDL subpopulations, and five HDL subpopulations.
CHange in activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes [ Time Frame: 0, 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9 weeks ]
Activation and proliferative responses of T lymphocytes will be measured to determine if grape consumption alters immune cell responsiveness. Proliferative responses will be measured using flow cytometry.


Enrollment:	24
Study Start Date:	October 2009
Study Completion Date:	October 2011
Primary Completion Date:	October 2011 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)

Arms	Assigned Interventions
Experimental: Group 1 After a 1 week baseline, volunteers will consume two packets of grape powder stirred into water for three weeks. Each packet will contain the equivalent of approximately 2 servings of fresh grapes (46 grams of powder). Following a two week washout period, volunteers will cross-over to a placebo powder.	Dietary Supplement: Grape powder, followed by placebo powder For three weeks, twice per day, volunteers will consume one packet of freeze-dried grape powder containing the equivalent of approximately 2 servings of fresh grapes (46 grams of powder) stirred into water. Following a two week washout, volunteers will consume one packet of placebo powder twice per day for three weeks.
Experimental: Group 2 After a 1 week baseline, volunteers will consume two packets of placebo powder stirred into water for three weeks. Following a two week washout period, volunteers will cross-over to grape powder for three weeks.	Dietary Supplement: Placebo powder followed by grape powder For three weeks, twice per day, volunteers will consume one packet of placebo powder stirred into water. Following a two week washout, volunteers will consume one packet of freeze-dried grape powder containing the equivalent of approximately 2 servings of fresh grapes (46 grams of powder) twice per day for three weeks.

Detailed Description:

Obese individuals are at high risk for the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue is a major source of pro-inflammatory molecules which can promote the development of atherosclerosis. Development of atherosclerotic plaques are mediated by oxidized or otherwise modified LDL cholesterol and infiltration of activated immune cells into the atherosclerotic lesions. Grapes contain high levels of polyphenols, a class of compounds known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The overall goal of this proposal is to determine whether grape consumption can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing the presence of inflammatory molecules and positively altering cholesterol levels, lipid profiles, and immune cell responses. Using a randomized cross-over design, twenty obese subjects will consume beverages containing either four servings of grape powder per day or the caloric equivalent without grape powder (placebo control) for a total of three weeks. After a two week washout period, the beverages will be switched for a further three weeks. Blood will be taken from each person at six intervals to determine lipid profiles, measure inflammatory markers in plasma, and analyze immune cell responsiveness.

Eligibility


Ages Eligible for Study:	20 Years to 60 Years (Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	Yes

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

BMI 30 - 45 kg/m2
Commitment to the dietary intervention and scheduled testing

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects will be excluded from this study if their blood cell counts or blood chemistry profiles are outside of the normal range
smoking or use of tobacco products
drink more than one alcoholic beverage per day (1 oz. distilled liquor, 3 oz. wine, or 12 oz. beer)
taking cholesterol-lowering medications
taking steroids for asthma or other inflammatory states
taking thyroid-regulating drugs
taking over-the counter weight loss products

Contacts and Locations

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01443884

Locations


United States, California
USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center
Davis, California, United States, 95616

Sponsors and Collaborators

USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center

Investigators


Principal Investigator:	Susan Zunino, PhD	USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center

More Information


Responsible Party:	USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT01443884 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	200816801-2
Study First Received:	September 28, 2011
Last Updated:	December 8, 2011

Additional relevant MeSH terms:


Inflammation Cardiovascular Diseases Pathologic Processes Anti-Inflammatory Agents

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on August 18, 2017