IMPAACT 1077HS: Examining Benefits of HAART Continuation in Postpartum Women

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women age > 18 years or who have attained the minimum age of independent consent, as defined by the local IRB, and are willing and able to provide written informed consent Additionally, at sites with IRB approval to enroll younger participants, women age 16-17 years who are willing and able to provide written assent and whose parent or legal guardian is willing and able to provide written informed consent
• Confirmed HIV infection, documented by positive results from two samples collected at different time points prior to study entry, using protocol-specified tests
• Documentation of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) status and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status (if antibody is negative) within 12 months prior to study entry
• Within 0-42 days after pregnancy outcome
• Antiretroviral treatment naïve, defined as < 14 days of one or more antiretroviral agents, prior to therapy initiated during current pregnancy
• Receipt of at least four weeks of HAART prior to study entry, at least two weeks of which must have been prior to pregnancy outcome (up to seven consecutive days of missed therapy is permitted)
• CD4+ cell count ≥ 400 cells/mm3 on a specimen obtained within 120 days prior to initiation of HAART for current pregnancy
• CD4+ cell count ≥ 400 cells/mm3 on a specimen obtained on HAART and within 45 days prior to study entry

• The following laboratory values on a specimen obtained within 45 days prior to study entry:

  • Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 750/mm3
  • Hemoglobin ≥ 7.0 g/dL
  • Platelet count ≥ 50,000/mm3
  • AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 x ULN
• Estimated creatinine clearance of ≥ 60mL/min within 45 days prior to entry using the Cockcroft-Gault formula
• Intent to remain in current geographical area of residence for the duration of the study
• Willingness to attend study visits as required by the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous participation in PROMISE (P1077)
• Clinical indication for HAART including any WHO Clinical Stage 3 or 4 condition, prior or current tuberculosis disease (a positive PPD test alone is not considered exclusionary), and/or any other clinical indication per country-specific treatment guidelines
• Clinically significant illness or condition requiring systemic treatment and/or hospitalization within 30 days prior to study entry
• Social or other circumstances which, in the opinion of the site investigator, would hinder long-term follow up
• Use of any prohibited medications within 14 days prior to study entry (refer to the study MOP for a list of prohibited medications)
• Current compulsory detention (involuntary incarceration) in a correctional facility, prison, or jail for legal reasons or compulsory detention in a medical facility for treatment of either a psychiatric or physical (e.g., infectious disease) illness
• Currently breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed
• Current documented conduction heart defect (specialized assessments to rule out this condition are not required; a heart murmur alone and/or type 1 second-degree atrioventricular block (also known as Mobitz I or Wenckebach) is not considered exclusionary)
• Known evidence of HBV DNA levels >2000 IU/mL (approximately 10,000 copies/mL) in the presence of elevated (grade 1 and higher) ALT (HBV DNA testing is not required for study screening or enrollment but should be considered to determine whether treatment for HBV is indicated)