Prospective Two-Year Study to Assess Miconazole Nitrate Resistance in Neonates and Infants

• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00702507
• Recruitment Status: Completed
• First Posted: June 20, 2008
• Results First Posted: October 7, 2011
• Last Update Posted: March 27, 2012
• Sponsor: Stiefel, a GSK Company
• Collaborator: GlaxoSmithKline
• Information provided by (Responsible Party): GlaxoSmithKline ( Stiefel, a GSK Company )

Study Description

Brief Summary:

The purpose of this study is to determine whether repeated use of 0.25% miconazole nitrate ointment in newborns and infants with a yeast infection in the diaper area causes the yeast to become resistant to the drug.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Diaper Rash	Drug: 0.25 % Miconazole Nitrate Ointment	Phase 4

Detailed Description:

The objective of this study is to investigate the potential for the development of resistance in Candida spp. after repeated treatment courses of 0.25% miconazole nitrate ointment in neonates and infants up to one year of age.

Study Design

• Study Type: Interventional (Clinical Trial)
• Actual Enrollment: 200 participants
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)
• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Official Title: Prospective 2-Year Longitudinal Study to Assess for Miconazole Resistance in Candida Spp. With Repeated Treatment Courses of 0.25% Miconazole Nitrate Ointment in Neonates and Infants up to 1 Year of Age With Recurrent Moderate-Severe Diaper Dermatitis Complicated by Cutaneous Candidiasis
• Study Start Date: May 2007
• Actual Primary Completion Date: December 2010
• Actual Study Completion Date: December 2010

Arms and Interventions

Arm	Intervention/treatment
Active Comparator: Miconazole Nitrate	Drug: 0.25 % Miconazole Nitrate Ointment; Topical Application; Other Name: Vusion

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Number of Participants With Overall Cure (OC) [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of initial treatment episode ]
   OC was defined as both clinical (therapeutic) cure with total resolution of signs/symptoms (no clinical signs of infection) and microbiological cure with mycological eradication (both negative potassium hydroxide [KOH] and culture results). Participants who had OC were categorized as "Successes"; those without OC were categorized as "Failures." Any discontinued or lost to follow-up participant was also considered a failure.

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. Number of Participants With Clinical Cure [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of initial treatment episode ]
   Participants were evaluated for clinical cure, which was defined as therapeutic cure with total resolution of signs and symptoms (i.e., no clinical signs of infection). Participants who had clinical cure were categorized as "Successes"; those without clianical cure were categorized as "Failures." Any discontinued or lost to follow-up participant was also considered a failure.
2. Number of Participants With Mycological Cure [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of initial treatment episode ]
   Participants were evaluated for mycological cure, which was defined as mycological eradication with negative KOH and culture results. Participants who had mycological cure were categorized as "Successes"; those without mycological cure were categorized as "Failures." Any discontinued or lost to follow-up participant was also considered a failure.
3. Clinical Evaluations Using the Diaper Dermatitis Severity Index Score for Initial Treatment Episode [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of initial treatment episode ]
   The diaper dermatitis severity index score was calculated as the sum of severity grades for each parameter evaluated (erythema, papules or pustules, and erosions) for the initial treatment episode. The maximum score possible for the diaper dermatitis severity index is 8. Rating scale for Erythema: 0 (none to trace), 1 (mild [pink]), 2 (moderate [red]), 3 (severe [beefy red]). Rating scale for Papules or Pustules: 0 (none to trace [0]), 1 (few [1-10]), 2 (multiple [11-20]), 3 (many [21-40]), 4 (abundant [more than 40]. Rating scale for Erosions: 0 (absent), 1 (present).
4. Clinical Evaluations Using Change From Baseline in the Dermatitis Severity Index Score at Day 14 of the Initial Treatment Episode [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of initial treatment episode ]
   The diaper dermatitis severity index score was calculated as the sum of severity grades for each parameter evaluated (erythema, papules or pustules, and erosions). Change from baseline=baseline value minus Day 14 value. The maximum score possible for the diaper dermatitis severity index is 8. Rating scale for Erythema: 0 (none to trace), 1 (mild [pink]), 2 (moderate [red]), 3 (severe [beefy red]). Rating scale for Papules or Pustules: 0 (none to trace [0]), 1 (few [1-10]), 2 (multiple [11-20]), 3 (many [21-40]), 4 (abundant [more than 40]. Rating scale for Erosions: 0 (absent), 1 (present).
5. Number of Participants With Overall Cure (OC) of First to Third Recurrent Episodes (RE) [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure (TOC) visit (Day 14) of first to third recurrent episodes (up to approximately 1 year and 7 months) ]
   OC was defined as both clinical (therapeutic) cure with total resolution of signs/symptoms (no clinical signs of infection) and microbiological cure with mycological eradication (both negative potassium hydroxide and culture results) at TOC visit for initial episode (ep.) to third ep. Participants (par) who had OC were categorized as "Successes"; those without OC were categorized as "Failures" (discontinued/lost to follow-up par were also failures). A RE is not temporally associated with a prior episode (PE) irrespective of whether the PE involves continuing treatment with study medication.
6. Number of Participants With Clinical Cure of First to Third Recurrent Episodes [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of first to third recurrent episodes (up to approximately 1 year and 7 months) ]
   Participants were evaluated for clinical cure, which was defined as therapeutic cure with total resolution of signs and symptoms (i.e., no clinical signs of infection). Participants who had clinical cure were categorized as "Successes"; those without clinical cure were categorized as "Failures." Any discontinued or lost to follow-up participant was also considered a failure.
7. Number of Participants With Mycological Cure of First to Third Recurrent Episodes [ Time Frame: Test-of-cure visit (Day 14) of first to third recurrent episodes (up to approximately 1 year and 7 months) ]
   Participants were evaluated for mycological cure, which was defined as mycological eradication with negative KOH and culture results. Participants who had mycological cure were categorized as "Successes"; those without mycological cure were categorized as "Failures." Any discontinued or lost to follow-up participant was also considered a failure.

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: up to 15 Months (Child)
• Sexes Eligible for Study: All
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female neonate or infant up to 1 year of age with Fitzpatrick Skin Type I-VI
• Clinical evidence of diaper dermatitis and a positive KOH result for pseudohyphae and/or budding yeast at baseline visit
• Overall Diaper Dermatitis Severity Index score at baseline visit of 4-8 (must include an overall clinical grade of at least 2 for erythema)
• Wear commercially available diapers day and night for at least 7 days prior to enrollment and during the course of the 2 year study
• Caretaker must complete informed consent process

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known sensitivity to any component of the formulation
• No other skin conditions that may confound the evaluation of the drug efficacy or tolerability
• Known sensitivity to skin care toiletry products or diapers
• History of HIV positive
• Chronic illnesses that require systemic medication that may confound the evaluation of study drug efficacy or tolerability (antibiotic therapy is not included)
• Treatment with a prescription product for diaper dermatitis or other skin condition 7 days prior to enrollment

Contacts and Locations

Locations

United States, California

Sheila Fallon Friedlander, MD

San Diego, California, United States, 92123

United States, Florida

David Rodriguez, MD

Coral Gables, Florida, United States, 33134

Lawrence Schachner, MD

Miami, Florida, United States, 33136

United States, Georgia

Wilson P. Andrews Jr., MD

Marietta, Georgia, United States, 30062

United States, Texas

Lewis Purnell, MD

San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229

Dominican Republic

Daisy Blanco, MD

Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Ecuador

Manuel Briones, MD

Guayaquil, Ecuador

Panama

Zila Espinosa, MD

Panama City, Panama

Sponsors and Collaborators

Stiefel, a GSK Company

GlaxoSmithKline

Investigators

• Study Director: GSK Clinical Trials; GlaxoSmithKline

More Information

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Blanco D, van Rossem K. A prospective two-year assessment of miconazole resistance in Candida spp. With repeated treatment with 0.25% miconazole nitrate ointment in neonates and infants with moderate to severe diaper dermatitis complicated by cutaneous candidiasis. Pediatr Dermatol. 2013 Nov-Dec;30(6):717-24. doi: 10.1111/pde.12107. Epub 2013 May 16.

• Responsible Party: Stiefel, a GSK Company
• ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00702507
• Other Study ID Numbers: 114678; BT0100-402-USA ( Other Identifier: Barrier Therapeutics )
• First Posted: June 20, 2008
• Results First Posted: October 7, 2011
• Last Update Posted: March 27, 2012
• Last Verified: March 2012

Keywords provided by GlaxoSmithKline ( Stiefel, a GSK Company ):

Diaper dermatitis complicated by candidiasis

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Diaper Rash; Dermatitis; Skin Diseases; Dermatitis, Irritant; Dermatitis, Contact; Skin Diseases, Eczematous; Miconazole; Clotrimazole; Antifungal Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; 14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors; Hormone Antagonists; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; Anti-Infective Agents, Local