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Combination of Insulin Sensitizer and Leptin as Treatment for the HAART -Induced Metabolic Syndrome

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00362440
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : August 10, 2006
Results First Posted : March 23, 2017
Last Update Posted : March 23, 2017
Sponsor:
Collaborator:
American Diabetes Association
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Christos Mantzoros, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether patients with HIV lipodystrophy (fat wasting) benefit from taking the combination of two drugs, one insulin sensitizer (either metformin or pioglitazone, both diabetes drugs) and leptin (a natural hormone produced by your fat cells). Our hope is that they will improve sugar and fat metabolism and positively affect the body fat changes you have noticed while taking HAART.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
HIV Lipodystrophy Drug: Leptin Drug: Pioglitazone or metformin Drug: Placebo Phase 2

Detailed Description:

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induces profound and sustained suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, and is thus very effective in reducing disease-associated morbidity and mortality in this patient population. However, HAART also results in the development of a lipodystrophic syndrome which is characterized by fat accumulation, fat wasting, or a combination of both, and similar to congenital forms of lipodystrophy, is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance (IR), fasting hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia.

Our study is a "proof of concept" study on the treatment of the HAART-induced metabolic syndrome, which builds upon and represents a direct extension of a study previously funded by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). If our clinical trial proves that a combination treatment of leptin and an insulin sensitizer has additive or synergistic effects in reversing the metabolic abnormalities of HIV positive patients with lipoatrophy, it could lead to the design of larger multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial(s) aiming at establishing safety and efficacy of this treatment for the HAART-induced metabolic syndrome.

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 9 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double (Participant, Investigator)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: A Combination of Insulin Sensitizer and Leptin as Treatment for the HAART -Induced Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
Study Start Date : August 2006
Actual Primary Completion Date : May 2011
Actual Study Completion Date : June 2011

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine


Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: Leptin
Leptin replacement therapy
 Drug: Leptin
Drug: Pioglitazone or metformin
Placebo Comparator: Pioglitazone or metformin
Diabetes treatment therapy
 Drug: Pioglitazone or metformin
Drug: Placebo


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Insulin Resistance (HOMA Index) [ Time Frame: At the end of each 3 month intervention ]

Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Cholesterol Levels [ Time Frame: At the end of each 3 month intervention ]
  2. Body Composition (Fat Mass) [ Time Frame: At the end of each 3 month intervention ]

Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   Yes
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age18 years and above and ability and willingness to give written informed consent
  • Documented HIV-1 infection
  • At least 6 months of stable cumulative antiretroviral therapy with any available or investigational anti- retroviral medication (protease inhibitor, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor)
  • Lipoatrophy developed after initiating HAART treatment (see criteria below). Leptin levels should be less than 4 ng/ml.
  • Insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes developed after starting the antiretroviral medications. These categories are defined, respectively, as fasting insulin level above 15 µIU/ml; fasting serum glucose value above 100 mg/dl; 2-hour serum glucose level during a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between 140 and 200 mg/dl; and fasting glucose above 126 mg/dl or random glucose level above 200 mg/dl with presence of the classic symptoms of diabetes, such as polyuria, polydipsia, ketonuria, and rapid weight loss
  • Hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypercholesterolemia developed after starting the antiretroviral therapy. These categories are defined as fasting triglycerides greater than 150 mg/dl and LDL cholesterol greater than 130 mg/dl, respectively
  • Female subjects must have a negative urine pregnancy test before enrollment and must agree to use a barrier contraception i.e. condoms, diaphragm or IUD, with or without a hormonal-based method for the duration of the study. Women who are pregnant or become pregnant during the study and who do not accept some form of contraception will be excluded from the study.
  • Patients should have history of peripheral fat wasting of the face (e.g. sunken cheeks), limbs (including prominent veins), and/or buttocks, which developed after the initiation of HAART therapy
  • Patients should have physical exam findings of a) facial atrophy - sunken cheeks, sunken temporal regions, and/or prominent temporal veins and b) wasting of fat in periphery, limbs and/or buttocks (including prominent veins)
  • Patients should have anthropometric measurements suggestive of decreased subcutaneous fat content: Decreased triceps skinfold thickness (< 4 mm in men and < 8 mm in women) or Decreased upper arm circumference (< 27.1 cm in men and < 23.3 cm in women) or Decreased subscapular skinfold thickness (< 7 mm in men and < 7 mm in women) or dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning suggestive of fat depletion: total body fat < 14% in men and < 22% in women.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of impaired glucose metabolism or hyperlipidemia prior to antiretroviral use
  • Triglyceride levels higher than 1500 mg/dl after the 1 month run-in phase or anytime during the study
  • Abnormal hepatic function: liver function tests higher than twice the upper normal range
  • Abnormal renal function: creatinine higher than 1.3 mg/dl
  • Any condition/illness that may affect study outcomes such as pregnancy, active infection except HIV, clinically significant malabsorption/malnutrition, malignancy
  • Any active hormonal disease and/or hormonal treatment that may affect the outcomes of interest such as clinically overt hypo/hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, hypercortisolism, or treatment with steroids or growth hormone (exception: patients taking testosterone can be included in the trial if they agree to continue the same dosage for the duration of the trial)
  • Present alcoholism or drug abuse. These conditions will be screened for by a detailed history and systems review and baseline laboratory analysis with chemistries, CBC, and hormone levels, and EKG.
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00362440


Locations
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United States, Massachusetts
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
Sponsors and Collaborators
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
American Diabetes Association
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Christos Mantzoros, MD Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
More Information
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Publications:

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Responsible Party: Christos Mantzoros, Professor of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00362440    
Other Study ID Numbers: 2005P000159
First Posted: August 10, 2006    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: March 23, 2017
Last Update Posted: March 23, 2017
Last Verified: February 2017
Keywords provided by Christos Mantzoros, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center:
HIV lipodystrophy
Leptin
Fat wasting
Pioglitazone
Insulin resistance
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Lipodystrophy
Metabolic Syndrome
Insulin Resistance
Hyperinsulinism
Glucose Metabolism Disorders
Metabolic Diseases
Skin Diseases, Metabolic
 Skin Diseases
Lipid Metabolism Disorders
Metformin
Pioglitazone
Hypoglycemic Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs