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Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in HIV-Seropositive Pregnant Women in Zambia

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00270530
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : December 28, 2005
Last Update Posted : January 31, 2006
Sponsor:
Collaborator:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Information provided by:
Center for International Health and Development

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
Prevention of malaria in pregnancy is critical given the high incidence of malaria in Zambia and its serious impact on both maternal and infant survival. Intermittent presumptive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been shown to be highly efficacious for reducing the risk of malaria in pregnancy. However, based on a study done in western Kenya, HIV-infected pregnant women may need more frequent dosing of SP, i.e., on a monthly basis rather than the standard 2-dose regimen given during the second and third trimesters, as HIV appears to reduce the effectiveness of the SP drug combination. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the standard dosing regimen in comparison to an intensive monthly SP dosing schedule in HIV-positive women.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
Placental Malaria Infection HIV Infections Stillbirth Prematurity Neonatal Deaths Drug: Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar) Phase 4

Detailed Description:

Primary Objectives

To compare the efficacy of IPT with monthly SP versus a two-dose regimen given once in the second and once in the third trimester in HIV-infected women on the:

  • Prevalence of placental malaria infection
  • Prevalence of maternal peripheral parasitemia

Secondary objectives

To compare IPT with monthly SP versus a two-dose regimen given once in the second and once in the third trimester in HIV-infected women on:

  • Birth weight, including the proportion of LBW infants
  • Incidence of prematurity
  • Neonatal and fetal death and third trimester stillbirth
  • Incidence of neonatal jaundice
  • Third trimester anemia
  • Third trimester severe anemia
  • Proportion of mothers who develop symptomatic malaria during the course of pregnancy
Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Enrollment : 454 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment
Masking: Double
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria With Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine in HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Pregnant Women in Zambia
Study Start Date : November 2002
Study Completion Date : October 2004

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: HIV/AIDS Malaria

Arms and Interventions
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Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. • Prevalence of placental malaria infection
  2. • Prevalence of maternal peripheral parasitemia

Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. • Prevalence of maternal peripheral parasitemia
  2. • Birth weight, including the proportion of LBW infants
  3. • Incidence of prematurity
  4. • Neonatal and fetal death and third trimester stillbirth
  5. • Incidence of neonatal jaundice
  6. • Third trimester anemia
  7. • Third trimester severe anemia
  8. • Proportion of mothers who develop symptomatic malaria during the course of pregnancy

Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years to 50 Years   (Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • HIV-positive pregnant women between 16-28 weeks of gestation identified through VCT
  • HIV-negative pregnant women between 16-28 weeks of gestation identified through VCT
  • Residence within the catchment area of the health facility
  • Willing to deliver at the health facility
  • Willing to agree to adhere to the requirements of study participation (including monthly ANC visits and willing to allow all study procedures)
  • Willing to provide written informed consent
  • Aged 18 years and above

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Severe anemia (Hb < 6 g/dL)
  • History of allergic reactions to sulfa drugs
  • History of known pregnancy complications (e.g. breech presentation, severe pre-eclampsia, prior caesarian section)
  • History or presence of major illnesses likely to influence pregnancy outcome including diabetes mellitus, severe renal or heart disease, or active tuberculosis, prior to randomization
  • Any significant presenting illness that requires hospitalization
  • Intent to move out of the study catchment area before delivery or deliver at relative's home out of the catchment area
  • Prior enrollment in the study or concurrent enrollment in another study
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00270530


Locations
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Zambia
Tropical Diseases Research Centre
Ndola, Zambia
Sponsors and Collaborators
Center for International Health and Development
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Investigators
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Principal Investigator: Davidson H Hamer, MD Center for International Health and Development, Boston University
More Information
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Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00270530    
Other Study ID Numbers: S1954-21/22-2
First Posted: December 28, 2005    Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted: January 31, 2006
Last Verified: November 2004
Keywords provided by Center for International Health and Development:
Malaria
Placental diseases
Birth complications
Plasmodium falciparum
 Zambia
HIV-seropositive
HIV
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Infections
Communicable Diseases
Malaria
HIV Seropositivity
Stillbirth
Perinatal Death
Disease Attributes
Pathologic Processes
HIV Infections
Blood-Borne Infections
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Lentivirus Infections
Retroviridae Infections
RNA Virus Infections
 Virus Diseases
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Immune System Diseases
Protozoan Infections
Parasitic Diseases
Vector Borne Diseases
Pregnancy Complications
Fetal Death
Death
Pyrimethamine
Sulfadoxine
Fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination
Antimalarials
Antiprotozoal Agents
Antiparasitic Agents