Chemoprevention Study of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Study Description

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Brief Summary:

The purpose of this study is to study the effect of 13-cis retinoic acid in preventing second primary malignancy in the oral cavity cancer patients after curative local treatment and to study the toxicity and compliance of 13-cis retinoic acid.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Oral Cavity; Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Drug: 13-cis Retino Acid	Phase 3

Detailed Description:

There are more than one thousand deaths annually from head and neck cancer in Taiwan (excluding nasopharyngeal carcinoma) and the majority of treatment failures are related to recurrence of primary disease. Only patients with early-stage disease have high cure rates, but they remain at risk for the development of second primary tumors.

Second primary malignancies occur at a constant annual rate of 5% to 7% in all head and neck cancer patients1. Furthermore, because the mortality from primary disease recurrence plateaus after 2 to 3 years in patients with locally advanced disease, second primary tumors become the major cause of late cancer mortality.

Sporn et al defined chemoprevention as an effort to arrest or reverse premalignant cells during their progression to invasive malignancy2,3. The concept of chemoprevention has evolved to include the use of specific compounds, rather than general dietary changes, to prevent the development of cancer.

Hong et al studied the effects of 13-cis retinoic acid on patients with history of head and neck cancers 4. After treatment of head and neck primary cancers with either radiotherapy or surgery or both, 103 patients were randomized to receive either adjuvant 13-cis retinoic acid or placebo. In an update of this trial with 55 months of follow-up, 16 patients (31%) in the placebo group had developed second primary tumors, whereas 7 patients (14%) in the treatment group had developed second primary tumors (p=0.04) 5. Betel quid chewing becomes increasingly popular in Taiwan. Exposure to both smoking and betel quid significantly increases the risk of oral cavity cancer6. The hazard of developing second primary tumors is high in this population, therefore, chemoprevention is worthy of trial.

Use of 13-cis RA for chemoprevention of head and neck cancer only has been published by Hong et al. Their cases included a variety of head and neck cancers that are known to be not a homogenous group. The risk of second primary is different for different primary sites. Therefore, the value of 13-cis RA in chemoprevention is not conclusively addressed. In our proposal, only oral cavity cancer is included and the result will be more convincing. The result could be the basis of further chemoprevention clinical trial or guideline for clinical practice.

Study Design

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Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Enrollment :	342 participants
Allocation:	Randomized
Intervention Model:	Parallel Assignment
Masking:	Single
Primary Purpose:	Prevention
Official Title:	Phase III Placebo-Controlled Chemoprevention Study of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Study Start Date :	April 1999
Study Completion Date :	September 2012

Arms and Interventions

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Outcome Measures

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Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. Primary tumor recurrence

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. The development of a second primary tumor

Eligibility Criteria

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Ages Eligible for Study:	20 Years to 65 Years (Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clinically free of disease after having undergone surgery for histologically confirmed primary SCC of the oral cavity(Buccal mucosa +Oral tongue )
• Without any risk factor of recurrence listed below:
• Nodal extracapsular spread of disease (ECS)
• Number of positive node > 2
• Perineural involvement
• Lymphovascular emboli/permeation in resected surgical specimen
• Histologically positive surgical margins, but no gross residual disease

Exclusion Criteria:

• A KPS of less than 50 percent
• Serum creatinine and/or GOT/GPT greater than 2 times upper normal limit
• Distant metastasis
• Has previously received chemotherapy
• Has received within the two years diagnosis of any cancer
• Women of reproductive capacity
• Cases beyond the age range of 20-65 years.

Contacts and Locations

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Locations

Taiwan
National Taiwan University Hospital
Taipei, Taiwan, 100

Sponsors and Collaborators

National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan

National Taiwan University Hospital

Changhua Christian Hospital

China Medical University Hospital

Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital

Taichung Veterans General Hospital

Mackay Memorial Hospital

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center

Chi Mei Medical Hospital

National Cheng-Kung University Hospital

Investigators

Study Chair:	Mow-Ming Hsu, MD	National Taiwan University Hospital

More Information

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Additional Information:

Related Info 

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00201279 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	T1399
First Posted:	September 20, 2005
Last Update Posted:	September 20, 2005
Last Verified:	January 2005

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial	Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell