Improving Diabetic Foot Ulcers With Atorvastatin

Study Description

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Brief Summary:

Lower limb complications are a substantial matter in the diabetic population and studies show that the annual incidence of foot ulcers ranges from 1.0-4.1% while the cumulative lifetime incidence is approximately 15%. Foot ulcers may become complicated by infection or gangrene, and ultimately result in amputation. In addition, foot ulcers have a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). The treatment of diabetic foot ulcers has not made substantial progress in recent years with regards to improved healing although there have been several actions taken to update the process. The current practice consists of wound debridement, treatment of underlying infections and pressure relief. This trial investigates the adjunctive effects of high (80 mg) or low (10 mg) dose atorvastatin to conventional treatment on the healing of diabetic foot ulcers.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Foot Ulcer; Diabetes	Drug: Atorvastatin (10 mg or 80 mg)	Phase 2

Detailed Description:

The diabetic foot ulcer etiology is multiplex and the wound healing is often not very successful due to various reasons. The ulcer's etiology is associated with peripheral vascular disease, autonomic neuropathy and endothelial. There may also be present some metabolic conditions that are not optimal for wound-healing, delaying the process even more (hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, pro-coagulative state).

It has been shown that statins may improve these aspects making the use of this as adjuvant therapy in treating diabetic foot ulcers an interesting theory. There is so far not any direct evidence for this, although documentation exists for several other possible associated conditions.

This study aims to elucidate the pleiotropic effects of atorvastatin on the healing of diabetic foot ulcers.

Material and Methods:

This 26-week prospective randomised, open, study will be conducted as a pilot to assess the efficacy of atorvastatin in improving diabetic foot-ulcer healing. Atorvastatin will be given in two dosages (10 mg and 80 mg) and evaluations between these groups will be done with regards to improvement in foot ulcer healing, microcirculation and inflammatory markers.

We aim to include 24 patients with diabetes (both type 1 and 2), over the age of 30, of both genders who have a wound duration of less than 12 months. The patients will be recruited from the diabetic out-patient clinics in two centers (Sarpsborg Hospital and Asker and Baerum Hospital).

Study Plan:

We plan to begin the enrolment of eligible patients in autumn 2004. We plan for a 18 month inclusion period and hope to conclude this pilot study by autumn 2006. Results from the study will be presented in international papers or meetings concerning diabetes and complications.

Study Design

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Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment :	13 participants
Allocation:	Randomized
Intervention Model:	Parallel Assignment
Masking:	None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose:	Treatment
Official Title:	Improving Diabetic Foot Ulcers With Atorvastatin
Study Start Date :	February 2005
Actual Primary Completion Date :	March 2007
Actual Study Completion Date :	March 2007

Arms and Interventions

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Outcome Measures

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Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information

Primary Outcome Measures :

1. To assess the efficacy of atorvastatin in patients with foot ulcers and type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving conventional foot ulcer treatment in improving foot ulcer treatment with regards to completely healed DFU, recurrence of DFU or novel DFU [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]
2. Time to complete healing (during 26 weeks of study) [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]
3. Recurrence rate of foot ulcers (during 26 weeks of study) [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]

Secondary Outcome Measures :

1. To assess the efficacy of atorvastatin in patients with foot ulcers and type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving conventional foot ulcer treatment in improving: lipid variables and micro-CRP [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]
2. Cost of DFU treatment from debut to healing (IDUS substudy) [ Time Frame: 2008 ]

Eligibility Criteria

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Ages Eligible for Study:	30 Years and older (Adult, Senior)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Provision of a written informed consent at the enrolment visit
• Men or women above 30 years of age
• Fertile women need to take contraceptives or have to be sterilised
• Diagnosed with any diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2
• Present foot ulcer with an ulcer duration <= 12 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• Intolerance to statins at any time in the past.
• Unwillingness to participate
• A history of alcohol or drug abuse within the last 2 years
• Foot ulcer with the etiology from vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, angiodermatitis necroticans (hypertensive ulcer), necrobiosis lipoidica, hydrostatic pressure/venous insufficiency or any neoplasms (basalioma, kaposis sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma etc).
• History of drug-induced hepatitis or previous liver enzyme elevations (> 3 times the upper limit of normal) while taking statins.
• History of drug-induced creatine phosphokinase (CPK) > 3 times the upper limit of normal.
• Critical limb ischemia that requires re-vascularisation procedures within 2 months
• Brachial-ankle index < 0.5
• Other serious or unstable medical or psychological conditions that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise the patient's safety or successful participation in the trial.
• Any clinically significant abnormality identified in the enrolment medical history, physical examination, laboratory test which, in the judgement of the investigator, would preclude safe completion of the study.
• Active liver disease or hepatic dysfunction defined as ALAT or ASAT elevations > 2 times the upper limit of normal or total bilirubin > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal.
• Pregnancy

Contacts and Locations

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Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information

Locations

Norway
Asker and Baerum Hospital
RUD, Norway, 1309
Østfold County Hospital
Sarpsborg, Norway, 1723

Sponsors and Collaborators

Asker & Baerum Hospital

Pfizer

Investigators

Study Chair:	Odd E Johansen, MD	Asker and Baerum Hospital

More Information

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Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More Information

Additional Information:

Journal of Diabetes 

Publications of Results:

Healing of diabetic foot ulcers may be modified by high dose atorvastatin - a 6 month randomised controlled pilot trial European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2008 Johansen OE, Birkeland KI, Jørgensen AP, Orvik E, Sørgård B, Torjussen BR, Ueland T, Aukrust P, Gullestad L Diabetologia 2008;51(S1):S515.

Responsible Party:	Odd Erik Johansen
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00134550 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	The IDUS trial
First Posted:	August 25, 2005
Last Update Posted:	September 23, 2009
Last Verified:	September 2009

Keywords provided by Asker & Baerum Hospital:

Diabetes Mellitus; Foot ulcers; Complication; Foot Ulcer, Diabetic

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

Ulcer; Diabetic Foot; Foot Ulcer; Pathologic Processes; Diabetic Angiopathies; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Leg Ulcer; Skin Ulcer; Skin Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus	Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetic Neuropathies; Foot Diseases; Atorvastatin Calcium; Anticholesteremic Agents; Hypolipidemic Agents; Antimetabolites; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Lipid Regulating Agents; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors