Autoimmunity-blocking Antibody for Tolerance in Recently Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes (AbATE)
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00129259 |
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Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : August 11, 2005
Results First Posted : September 16, 2013
Last Update Posted : May 22, 2017
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| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 | Biological: Anti-CD3 mAb Other: Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment Dietary Supplement: Iron supplementation | Phase 2 |
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Without these cells, the body cannot maintain proper blood glucose levels in response to daily activities, such as eating or exercise. Generally, at the time of type 1 diabetes diagnosis, 60% to 85% of the diabetic person's beta cells have already been destroyed. However, between 15% and 40% of these cells remain and are able to produce insulin. Treatment that slows the destruction of additional beta cells may be able to decrease a patient's reliance on insulin and improve their quality of life.
Anti-CD3 mAb is genetically engineered and directed against the CD3 antigen on T cells; this antibody selectively attacks the immune cells responsible for beta cell destruction. In a small exploratory clinical trial, patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes who received a single, 2-week treatment with anti-CD3 mAb had preserved beta cell function and significantly lower insulin requirements than untreated patients for up to two years after therapy. This study will investigate whether a second course of anti-CD3 mAb administered one year after the first administration is able to prolong or improve the effects of the biologic in people who have recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. The Experimental Group will receive anti-CD3 mAb treatment plus Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment; the Active Comparator Group will receive Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment. The Experimental Group will be treated with the antibody for the first 14 days of the study and again one year later. These participants will be admitted to the hospital for the first 5 days of a treatment cycle. Participants who live within 1 hour of the hospital may receive the remainder of a treatment cycle as an outpatient, but those who live farther away will be hospitalized for 14 days. For the first treatment cycle, there will be study visits on the 3 consecutive days after the treatment cycle and at Months 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12. For the second treatment cycle, there will be study visits on the 3 consecutive days after the treatment cycle and at Months 13, 16, 19, 21, and 24.The Active Comparator Group will have 12 study visits over two years.
At study entry, all participants will receive daily iron supplementation, either as ferrous sulfate or a multivitamin with iron. Participants will be followed for up to 2 years to assess their overall diabetes health and to capture laboratory measures of beta cell and immune system function. Medication history and adverse event assessment will occur at all visits. A physical exam, vital signs measurement, and blood collection will occur at most visits. Medical history and urine collection will occur at selected visits.
| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Actual Enrollment : | 83 participants |
| Allocation: | Randomized |
| Intervention Model: | Parallel Assignment |
| Masking: | Single (Outcomes Assessor) |
| Masking Description: | The staff at Northwest Lipid Research Laboratory were masked to the treatment assignment since they performed the mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) and the HgA1C assays. All study staff including the PI were masked to the results of the MMTT. They were notified of a detectable or undetectable fasting C-peptide result to assess for continuation to the next treatment cycle. |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | Phase II Multiple-Dose Treatment of New Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus With Anti-CD3 mAb |
| Study Start Date : | September 2005 |
| Actual Primary Completion Date : | March 2011 |
| Actual Study Completion Date : | March 2011 |
| Arm | Intervention/treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Anti-CD3 mAb Plus Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment
Subjects receive 1.) a 14-day course of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) intravenously (IV) comprised of daily doses of 51 µg/m2, 103 µg/m2, 207 µg/m2, 413 µg/m2, and 10 days of 826 µg/m2 [Cycle 1] and, when eligible per protocol, receipt of a second 14-day course after a 12-month interval (at month 13)[Cycle 2]. Note: Prior to May 2007, the course of IV daily doses of anti-CD3 mAb were: 57 µg/m2, 115 µg/m2, 230 µg/m2, 460 µg/m2, and 10 days of 919 µg/m2 and, when eligible per protocol, a second course after a 12-month interval (at month 13). 2.) and intensive diabetes standard of care treatment/management under the care of a physician: dietary counseling, insulin dosing and multiple consultations during the course of the trial with the clinical diabetes management team. Iron supplementation initiated status post treatment randomization. |
Biological: Anti-CD3 mAb
Daily 14-day dose escalation course at study entry, with possible second course after 12-month interval
Other Names:
Other: Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment Receipt of intensive diabetes standard of care treatment/management under the care of a physician: dietary counseling, insulin dosing and multiple consultations during the course of the trial with the clinical diabetes management team. Dietary Supplement: Iron supplementation Immediately following randomization, all participants regardless of arm allocation begin iron supplementation with either ferrous sulfate or multivitamin with iron.
Other Names:
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Active Comparator: Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment
Subjects receive intensive diabetes standard of care treatment/management under the care of a physician: dietary counseling, insulin dosing and multiple consultations during the course of the trial with the clinical diabetes management team. Iron supplementation initiated status post treatment randomization. |
Other: Diabetes Standard of Care Treatment
Receipt of intensive diabetes standard of care treatment/management under the care of a physician: dietary counseling, insulin dosing and multiple consultations during the course of the trial with the clinical diabetes management team. Dietary Supplement: Iron supplementation Immediately following randomization, all participants regardless of arm allocation begin iron supplementation with either ferrous sulfate or multivitamin with iron.
Other Names:
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- Change in Mean C-peptide Area Under the Curve (AUC) Response to a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) [ Time Frame: Baseline (Pre-treatment), Month 24 ]C-peptide AUC is computed using the trapezoidal rule and dividing by the interval of time from the 4 hour Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) where assessments are taken every 30 minutes after initial assessments 15 minutes apart. A higher C-peptide AUC is desirable as detectable C-peptide is a marker for the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin in response to a MMTT. The baseline data was used to adjust for the C-peptide AUC primary endpoint at 24 months. Missing month 24 C-peptide results are imputed using a conservative scenario.
- Change in HbA1c [ Time Frame: Baseline (Pre-treatment), Month 24 ]Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a measure of the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time and measures the level of optimal management of underlying disease. (Normal :< 5.7%; pre-diabetes: 5.7% -6.4%; diabetes: 6.5% or higher).A decline in HbA1c from baseline to month 24 signifies an improvement in diabetic control. The goal of treatment: to maintain the HgA1c level as close to normal as possible without frequent occurrence of hypoglycemia.
- Change in Average Total Insulin Dose Per Body Weight [ Time Frame: Baseline (Pre-treatment), Month 24 ]This measure is computed using the average amount of exogenous insulin taken per day for the 3 days prior to the visit. The average insulin use is divided by the subject's weight in kilograms (kg). The need for lower dose(s) of prescribed exogenous insulin while maintaining optimal control of a subject's diabetes reflects improved management of the underlying disease.
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| Ages Eligible for Study: | 8 Years to 30 Years (Child, Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | All |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (according to American Diabetes Association [ADA] criteria) within the 8 weeks prior to study entry
- Weigh at least 25 kg (55 lbs)
- Insulin autoantibodies assessed within 10 days of any insulin use OR anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies OR anti-ICA512/IA-2 autoantibodies
- Subjects or guardian(s) willing to provide informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior participation in a clinical trial that could potentially affect diabetes condition or immunologic status
- Participation in another investigational clinical trial within the 6 weeks prior to study entry
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00129259
| United States, California | |
| The Diabetes Center at UCSF | |
| San Francisco, California, United States, 94143 | |
| United States, Colorado | |
| Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes | |
| Denver, Colorado, United States, 80262 | |
| United States, Connecticut | |
| Yale University | |
| New Haven, Connecticut, United States, 06520 | |
| United States, Georgia | |
| Medical College of Georgia | |
| Augusta, Georgia, United States, 30912 | |
| United States, New York | |
| Dept. of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and the Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center/Columbia University | |
| New York, New York, United States, 10032 | |
| United States, Washington | |
| Benaroya Research Institute | |
| Seattle, Washington, United States, 98108 | |
| Pacific Northwest Research Institute/University of Washington | |
| Seattle, Washington, United States, 98122 | |
| Principal Investigator: | Kevan Herold, MD | Yale University |
Study Data/Documents: Individual Participant Data Set
ImmPort study identifier is SDY524.
ImmPort study identifier is SDY524.
TrialShare is the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) clinical trials research portal that makes data from their clinical trials publicly available without charge.
TrialShare is the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) clinical trials research portal that makes data from their clinical trials publicly available without charge.
Publications of Results:
Other Publications:
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
| Responsible Party: | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00129259 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
DAIT ITN027AI |
| First Posted: | August 11, 2005 Key Record Dates |
| Results First Posted: | September 16, 2013 |
| Last Update Posted: | May 22, 2017 |
| Last Verified: | April 2017 |
| Individual Participant Data (IPD) Sharing Statement: | |
| Plan to Share IPD: | Yes |
| Plan Description: | Participant level data and additional relevant materials are available to the public in: 1.) the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort), a long-term archive of clinical and mechanistic data from Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT)-funded grants and contracts that also provides data analysis tools available to researchers; and 2.) TrialShare, the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) Clinical Trials Research Portal that makes data from the consortium's clinical trials publicly available. |
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T1D type 1 diabetes type 1 diabetes mellitus juvenile diabetes autoimmune diabetes |
autoimmune anti-CD3 mAb mAb hOKT3g1(Ala-Ala) teplizumab |
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Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Glucose Metabolism Disorders Metabolic Diseases Endocrine System Diseases Autoimmune Diseases |
Immune System Diseases Iron Trace Elements Micronutrients Physiological Effects of Drugs |