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GEMINI Study - A Study of Saquinavir/Ritonavir in Treatment-Naive Patients With HIV-1 Infection

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105079
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : March 7, 2005
Results First Posted : November 2, 2011
Last Update Posted : November 2, 2011
Sponsor:
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Hoffmann-La Roche

Study Description
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Brief Summary:
This 2 arm study will evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of saquinavir/ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection who have received no prior HIV treatment. Patients will be randomized to receive either saquinavir/ritonavir 1000/100mg oral (po) twice daily (bid) + emtricitabine/tenofovir 200/300mg po once daily (qd), or lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100mg po bid + emtricitabine/tenofovir 200/300mg po qd. The anticipated time on study treatment is 3-12 months, and the target sample size is 100-500 individuals.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
HIV Infections Drug: saquinavir [Invirase] Drug: Lopinavir/ritonavir Drug: Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Drug: Ritonavir Phase 3

Study Design
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Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Actual Enrollment : 337 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: A 48-week, Randomized, Open-label, 2-arm Study to Compare the Efficacy of Saquinavir/Ritonavir Twice Daily (BID) Plus Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Once Daily (QD) Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir BID Plus Emtricitabine/Tenofovir QD in Treatment-naïve Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infected Patients (GEMINI Study)
Study Start Date : April 2005
Actual Primary Completion Date : August 2007
Actual Study Completion Date : July 2008

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

MedlinePlus related topics: HIV/AIDS

Arms and Interventions
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Arm Intervention/treatment
Experimental: saquinavir/ritonavir
saquinavir mesylate 1000 mg twice daily (BID) + ritonavir 100 mg BID + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 200/300 mg orally every day for 48 weeks.
 Drug: saquinavir [Invirase]
1000 milligram (mg) Oral (po) twice daily (bid)
Other Name: Invirase

Drug: Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 200/300 mg po qd
Other Name: Truvada

Drug: Ritonavir
100 mg po bid
Other Name: Norvir
Active Comparator: lopinavir/ritonavir
lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg BID + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 200/300 mg orally every day for 48 weeks.
 Drug: Lopinavir/ritonavir
Lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg po bid
Other Name: Kaletra

Drug: Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 200/300 mg po qd
Other Name: Truvada


Outcome Measures
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Primary Outcome Measures :
  1. Number of Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Viral Load <50 Copies/mL [ Time Frame: Week 48 ]

    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of saquinavir/ritonavir BID plus emtricitabine/tenofovir QD versus lopinavir/ritonavir BID plus emtricitabine/tenofovir QD in treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected adults.

    Blood samples for HIV-1 RNA viral load measurement were collected at the Week 48 clinic visit. The number of participants with HIV-1 RNA results <50 copies/mL is reported.



Secondary Outcome Measures :
  1. Number of Patients With HIV-1 RNA Viral Load <50 and <400 Copies/mL [ Time Frame: Week 48 ]

    The secondary objectives of the study were to evaluate the safety, adherence, and tolerability of saquinavir/ritonavir BID plus emtricitabine/tenofovir QD versus lopinavir/ritonavir BID plus emtricitabine/tenofovir QD in treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected adults.

    Blood samples for HIV-1 RNA viral load measurement were collected at the Week 48 clinic visit. The number of participants with HIV-1 RNA results <50 copies/mL and the number of participants with HIV-1 RNA results <400 copies/mL are reported.


  2. Change From Baseline in HIV-1 RNA Viral Load [ Time Frame: Baseline to Week 48 ]
    Descriptive statistics for change from baseline in log10 transformed plasma HIV-1 RNA load (copies/mL) were presented by treatment arm. Logarithmic transformation (base 10) was applied to HIV-1 RNA viral load at baseline and at each study visit. Change from baseline in plasma HIV-1 RNA was derived as follows: Change from baseline = Log10 (HIV-1 RNA at week x) - Log10 (HIV-1 RNA at baseline)

  3. Change From Baseline in Cluster Differentiation Antigen 4 Positive (CD4+) Lymphocyte Count [ Time Frame: Baseline to Week 48 ]
    Summary statistics for change from baseline in CD4+ lymphocyte count were presented by treatment arm. Change from baseline in CD4+ lymphocyte count was derived as follows: Change from baseline = (CD4+ count at week x) - (CD4+ count at baseline).

  4. Number of Participants Assessed for Adverse Events (AEs) [ Time Frame: reported up to 28 days after the last dose of study treatment. (Up to 52 weeks) ]
    Detailed information for Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events will be represented in the SAE/AE section of PRS.

  5. Number of Patients Who Discontinued Treatment Due to Abnormal Laboratory Parameters [ Time Frame: baseline and all study visits (Up to Week 52) ]
    Routine clinical testing, including hematology and standard chemistry panel was performed at all study visits. Laboratory tests for a fasting lipid profile and fasting insulin determination were obtained at baseline, weeks 24 and 48, and the 4-week follow-up visit. The number of participants who discontinued treatment due to an abnormal laboratory result at any visit is reported.


Eligibility Criteria
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Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years and older   (Adult, Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:   All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • adult patients >=18 years of age;
  • chronic HIV-1 infection;
  • treatment-naive;
  • HIV-1 RNA viral load >=10,000copies/mL;
  • women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test, and must use reliable contraception for the duration of the study and for 90 days after the last dose of study medication.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • females who are pregnant or breastfeeding;
  • active hepatitis B infection;
  • previous treatment with antiretroviral medication;
  • patients who have received an investigational drug within the last 4 weeks.
Contacts and Locations
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Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00105079


Locations
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United States, Alabama
Hobson City, Alabama, United States, 36201
United States, Arizona
Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85745
United States, California
Berkeley, California, United States, 94705
Los Angeles, California, United States, 90028
United States, District of Columbia
Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20009
United States, Florida
Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32204
Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
Orlando, Florida, United States, 32803
Vero Beach, Florida, United States, 32960
United States, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30309
Macon, Georgia, United States, 31201
United States, Illinois
Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60613
United States, Michigan
Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States, 48197
United States, Missouri
St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63139
United States, New Jersey
Newark, New Jersey, United States, 07102
United States, New York
New York, New York, United States, 10011
United States, North Carolina
Huntersville, North Carolina, United States, 28078
United States, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
United States, Texas
Houston, Texas, United States, 77004
Canada, Ontario
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8L6
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M4N 3M5
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5B 1L6
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2C4
Canada, Quebec
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2L 4P9
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2L 5B1
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H2X 2P4
France
Avignon, France, 84902
Lyon, France, 69288
Lyon, France, 69437
Marseille, France, 13009
Marseille, France, 13385
Nantes, France, 44035
Nice, France, 06202
Paris, France, 75010
Paris, France, 75014
Paris, France, 75651
Rouen, France, 73031
Strasbourg, France, 67091
Suresnes, France, 92150
Toulouse, France, 31052
Tourcoing, France, 59208
Puerto Rico
Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00717-1563
Thailand
Bangkok, Thailand, 10330
Sponsors and Collaborators
Hoffmann-La Roche
Investigators
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Study Director: Clinical Trials Hoffmann-La Roche
More Information
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Responsible Party: Hoffmann-La Roche
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105079    
Other Study ID Numbers: ML18413
First Posted: March 7, 2005    Key Record Dates
Results First Posted: November 2, 2011
Last Update Posted: November 2, 2011
Last Verified: September 2011
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
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Infections
Ritonavir
Lopinavir
Saquinavir
Tenofovir
Emtricitabine
Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Viral Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors
 Enzyme Inhibitors
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Anti-HIV Agents
Anti-Retroviral Agents
Antiviral Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors