Safety and Effectiveness of Ritonavir Plus Lamivudine Plus Zidovudine in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Their Babies
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| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000888 |
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Recruitment Status :
Completed
First Posted : August 31, 2001
Last Update Posted : October 29, 2021
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The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe and effective to give ritonavir (RTV) plus lamivudine (3TC) plus zidovudine (ZDV) to HIV-infected pregnant women during pregnancy and to their babies after birth.
Pregnant women who are HIV-positive are at risk of giving HIV to their babies during pregnancy or delivery. It is important to learn how to prevent HIV-positive pregnant women from giving HIV to their babies. RTV and ZDV have been shown to be safe and effective against HIV in adults. The combination of 3 anti-HIV drugs (RTV, 3TC, and ZDV) may help prevent HIV infection from mother to infant but studies are needed to determine whether they are safe and effective during pregnancy.
| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| HIV Infections Pregnancy | Drug: Ritonavir Drug: Lamivudine Drug: Zidovudine | Phase 1 |
Controlled studies of the pharmacokinetics and safety of new drugs are critical to the development of alternative therapies for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV-1. The dosing regimen of RTV and ZDV used to treat pregnant women in this study has been shown to be safe and effective against HIV in adults. Little is known about the metabolism and tolerance of these drugs during pregnancy, and Phase I studies are needed to determine dosage, safety, and tolerance. Protease inhibitors in combination with other antiretroviral drugs may help reduce the rate of perinatal transmission of HIV-1.
Pregnant women start with RTV (increasing gradually over a few days) plus 3TC plus ZDV until active labor. Intrapartum, women receive RTV plus 3TC plus ZDV, then postpartum (after cord clamped until 12 weeks postpartum), RTV plus 3TC plus ZDV. [AS PER AMENDMENT 2/9/99: For maternal dosing, one Combivir tablet (containing 3TC and ZDV) may be administered in place of the individual agents 3TC and ZDV. During the intrapartum period, Combivir is held and the patient follows intrapartum 3TC/ZDV dosing. During the intrapartum period, no RTV is given after the onset of active labor. During the postpartum period, RTV is begun as soon as oral intake is allowable following delivery. During the postpartum period, Combivir may be resumed. All subjects who prematurely discontinue study treatment should continue to be followed for the duration of the study.] [AS PER AMENDMENT 9/28/99: During the intrapartum period, RTV is given at the start of active labor.] Infants begin 3TC and ZDV as soon as oral intake is tolerated. Infants participate in one of two cohorts. The first four infants delivered (Cohort 1) receive RTV as a single dose between Days 8 and 12. The next six infants delivered (Cohort 2) start RTV at 2-3 days of life. The dosing schedule is based on Cohort 1 drug pharmacokinetics data. [AS PER AMENDMENT 2/9/99: Cohort 1 is expanded to seven mother/infant pairs.] [AS PER AMENDMENT 9/28/99: Cohort 1 is expanded to eight mother/infant pairs.] Both maternal and infant blood is drawn to assess drug pharmacokinetics. Cervical secretions are collected to assess presence of virus. In addition, all placentas are examined by histopathology to determine the role of placenta on preterm delivery in women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy.
| Study Type : | Interventional (Clinical Trial) |
| Enrollment : | 14 participants |
| Primary Purpose: | Treatment |
| Official Title: | A Phase I Trial of the Safety, Tolerance, and Pharmacokinetics of Oral Ritonavir Co-Administered With Lamivudine (3TC) and Zidovudine (ZDV) in HIV-1-Infected Pregnant Women and Their Infants |
| Actual Study Completion Date : | April 2001 |
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| Ages Eligible for Study: | 13 Years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult) |
| Sexes Eligible for Study: | Female |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria
Women may be eligible for this study if they:
- Are HIV-positive.
- Are between 14 and 32 weeks pregnant.
- Are at least 13 years old (consent of parent or guardian required if under 18).
- Have the consent of the baby's father (if he can be reached).
Exclusion Criteria
Women will not be eligible for this study if they:
- Are having problems with their pregnancy.
- Have a history of problem pregnancies including miscarriages, birth defects, stillbirths, or giving birth to premature or low-birth-weight babies.
- Have had side effects to ZDV, 3TC, or RTV.
- Have an active opportunistic (AIDS-related) or other serious infection.
- Have other serious conditions such as heart or lung problems, blood disorders, diabetes, or seizures.
- Are pregnant with more than one baby (such as twins or triplets).
- Are taking other experimental medications.
- Are taking other anti-HIV medications.
- Are taking certain other medications including those for cancer, blood pressure, or seizures.
- Are abusing drugs or alcohol.
- Are breast-feeding.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00000888
| United States, Florida | |
| Univ. of Miami Miller School of Medicine - Jackson Memorial Hosp. | |
| Miami, Florida, United States, 33136 | |
| Univ. of Miami Ped. Perinatal HIV/AIDS CRS | |
| Miami, Florida, United States, 33161 | |
| United States, Michigan | |
| Children's Hospital of Michigan NICHD CRS | |
| Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48201 | |
| United States, Tennessee | |
| Regional Med Ctr at Memphis | |
| Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38103 | |
| St. Jude/UTHSC CRS | |
| Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105 | |
| Study Chair: | Gwendolyn Scott | Univ of Miami (Pediatric) | |
| Study Chair: | Mary Jo O'Sullivan | Univ of Miami (Pediatric) |
| Responsible Party: | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00000888 |
| Other Study ID Numbers: |
ACTG 354 10604 ( Registry Identifier: DAIDS ES ) PACTG 354 |
| First Posted: | August 31, 2001 Key Record Dates |
| Last Update Posted: | October 29, 2021 |
| Last Verified: | October 2021 |
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Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious Drug Therapy, Combination Administration, Oral Zidovudine |
HIV Protease Inhibitors Ritonavir Disease Transmission, Vertical Anti-HIV Agents Fetal Blood |
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HIV Infections Blood-Borne Infections Communicable Diseases Infections Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases Lentivirus Infections Retroviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections Virus Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases Ritonavir Lamivudine Zidovudine |
HIV Protease Inhibitors Viral Protease Inhibitors Protease Inhibitors Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Anti-HIV Agents Anti-Retroviral Agents Antiviral Agents Anti-Infective Agents Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Antimetabolites |