Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM)

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000556

Recruitment Status : Completed

First Posted : October 28, 1999

Last Update Posted : March 25, 2016

Sponsor:

Information provided by:

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Study Description

Brief Summary:

To compare two standard treatment strategies for atrial fibrillation: ventricular rate control and anticoagulation vs. rhythm control and anticoagulation.

Condition or disease	Intervention/treatment	Phase
Arrhythmia Atrial Fibrillation Cardiovascular Diseases Heart Diseases	Drug: amiodarone Drug: sotalol Drug: propafenone Drug: flecainide Drug: quinidine Drug: moricizine Drug: disopyramide Drug: procainamide Drug: adrenergic beta antagonists Drug: verapamil Drug: diltiazem Drug: digoxin Procedure: catheter ablation Device: pacemaker, artificial	Phase 3

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Study Design

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Study Type :	Interventional (Clinical Trial)
Allocation:	Randomized
Primary Purpose:	Treatment
Study Start Date :	March 1995
Study Completion Date :	September 2002

Resource links provided by the National Library of Medicine

Genetics Home Reference related topics: Familial atrial fibrillation

MedlinePlus related topics: Atrial Fibrillation

U.S. FDA Resources

Arms and Interventions

Outcome Measures

Eligibility Criteria

Information from the National Library of Medicine

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Ages Eligible for Study:	65 Years to 100 Years (Older Adult)
Sexes Eligible for Study:	All
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:	No

Criteria

Elderly men and women with atrial fibrillation and other risk factors for stroke.

Contacts and Locations

Information from the National Library of Medicine

To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.

Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00000556

Sponsors and Collaborators

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Investigators

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OverallOfficial:	H. Greene	Statistics and Epidemiology Research Corporation (S.E.R.C.)

More Information

Study Data/Documents: Individual Participant Data Set This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Identifier: AFFIRM
NHLBI provides controlled access to IPD through BioLINCC. Access requires registration, evidence of local IRB approval or certification of exemption from IRB review, and completion of a data use agreement.

Study Protocol This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Study Forms This link exits the ClinicalTrials.gov site

Publications:

Atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management -- the AFFIRM study design. The Planning and Steering Committees of the AFFIRM study for the NHLBI AFFIRM investigators. Am J Cardiol. 1997 May 1;79(9):1198-202.

Wyse DG. The AFFIRM trial: main trial and substudies-what can We expect? J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2000 Jan;4 Suppl 1:171-6. Review.

Waldo AL. Management of atrial fibrillation: the need for AFFIRMative action. AFFIRM investigators. Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management. Am J Cardiol. 1999 Sep 15;84(6):698-700.

AFFIRM Investigators. Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management. Baseline characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation: the AFFIRM Study. Am Heart J. 2002 Jun;143(6):991-1001.

Epstein AE, Vidaillet H, Greene HL, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, Simmons T, Mickel M. Frequency of symptomatic atrial fibrillation in patients enrolled in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2002 Jul;13(7):667-71.

Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, Domanski MJ, Rosenberg Y, Schron EB, Kellen JC, Greene HL, Mickel MC, Dalquist JE, Corley SD; Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2002 Dec 5;347(23):1825-33.

AFFIRM First Antiarrhythmic Drug Substudy Investigators. Maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation: an AFFIRM substudy of the first antiarrhythmic drug. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Jul 2;42(1):20-9.

Corley SD, Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Domanski MJ, Geller N, Greene HL, Josephson RA, Kellen JC, Klein RC, Krahn AD, Mickel M, Mitchell LB, Nelson JD, Rosenberg Y, Schron E, Shemanski L, Waldo AL, Wyse DG; AFFIRM Investigators. Relationships between sinus rhythm, treatment, and survival in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Study. Circulation. 2004 Mar 30;109(12):1509-13. Epub 2004 Mar 8.

Steinberg JS, Sadaniantz A, Kron J, Krahn A, Denny DM, Daubert J, Campbell WB, Havranek E, Murray K, Olshansky B, O'Neill G, Sami M, Schmidt S, Storm R, Zabalgoitia M, Miller J, Chandler M, Nasco EM, Greene HL. Analysis of cause-specific mortality in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Circulation. 2004 Apr 27;109(16):1973-80. Epub 2004 Mar 29.

Cooper HA, Bloomfield DA, Bush DE, Katcher MS, Rawlins M, Sacco JD, Chandler M; AFFIRM Investigators. Relation between achieved heart rate and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management [AFFIRM] Study). Am J Cardiol. 2004 May 15;93(10):1247-53.

Kaufman ES, Zimmermann PA, Wang T, Dennish GW 3rd, Barrell PD, Chandler ML, Greene HL; Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management investigators. Risk of proarrhythmic events in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study: a multivariate analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Sep 15;44(6):1276-82.

Marshall DA, Levy AR, Vidaillet H, Fenwick E, Slee A, Blackhouse G, Greene HL, Wyse DG, Nichol G, O'Brien BJ; AFFIRM and CORE Investigators. Cost-effectiveness of rhythm versus rate control in atrial fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Nov 2;141(9):653-61.

Shelton RJ. The AFFIRM study: approaches to control rate in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Dec 21;44(12):2418; author reply 2418-9.

Jenkins LS, Brodsky M, Schron E, Chung M, Rocco T Jr, Lader E, Constantine M, Sheppard R, Holmes D, Mateski D, Floden L, Prasun M, Greene HL, Shemanski L. Quality of life in atrial fibrillation: the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Am Heart J. 2005 Jan;149(1):112-20.

Olshansky B, Sami M, Rubin A, Kostis J, Shorofsky S, Slee A, Greene HL; NHLBI AFFIRM Investigators. Use of amiodarone for atrial fibrillation in patients with preexisting pulmonary disease in the AFFIRM study. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Feb 1;95(3):404-5.

Cooper HA, Sacco J, Solomon AJ, Feld GK, Leman R, Wilber D; AFFIRM Investigators. Relation of initial resting ventricular rate to the ability to achieve and maintain normal sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Mar 1;95(5):597-602.

Curtis AB, Seals AA, Safford RE, Slater W, Tullo NG, Vidaillet H, Wilber DJ, Slee A. Clinical factors associated with abandonment of a rate-control or a rhythm-control strategy for the management of atrial fibrillation in the AFFIRM study. Am Heart J. 2005 Feb;149(2):304-8.

Murray KT, Rottman JN, Arbogast PG, Shemanski L, Primm RK, Campbell WB, Solomon AJ, Olgin JE, Wilson MJ, Dimarco JP, Beckman KJ, Dennish G, Naccarelli GV, Ray WA; AFFIRM Investigators. Inhibition of angiotensin II signaling and recurrence of atrial fibrillation in AFFIRM. Heart Rhythm. 2004 Dec;1(6):669-75.

Wyse DG, Slee A, Epstein AE, Gersh BJ, Rocco T Jr, Vidaillet H, Volgman A, Weiss R, Shemanski L, Greene HL; AFFIRM Investigators. Alternative endpoints for mortality in studies of patients with atrial fibrillation: the AFFIRM study experience. Heart Rhythm. 2004 Nov;1(5):531-7.

Sherman DG, Kim SG, Boop BS, Corley SD, Dimarco JP, Hart RG, Haywood LJ, Hoyte K, Kaufman ES, Kim MH, Nasco E, Waldo AL; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute AFFIRM Investigators. Occurrence and characteristics of stroke events in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Sinus Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Arch Intern Med. 2005 May 23;165(10):1185-91.

Olshansky B, Heller EN, Mitchell LB, Chandler M, Slater W, Green M, Brodsky M, Barrell P, Greene HL. Are transthoracic echocardiographic parameters associated with atrial fibrillation recurrence or stroke? Results from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Jun 21;45(12):2026-33.

DiMarco JP, Flaker G, Waldo AL, Corley SD, Greene HL, Safford RE, Rosenfeld LE, Mitrani G, Nemeth M; AFFIRM Investigators. Factors affecting bleeding risk during anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: observations from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Am Heart J. 2005 Apr;149(4):650-6.

Flaker GC, Belew K, Beckman K, Vidaillet H, Kron J, Safford R, Mickel M, Barrell P; AFFIRM Investigators. Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation: demographic features and prognostic information from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Am Heart J. 2005 Apr;149(4):657-63.

Curtis AB, Gersh BJ, Corley SD, DiMarco JP, Domanski MJ, Geller N, Greene HL, Kellen JC, Mickel M, Nelson JD, Rosenberg Y, Schron E, Shemanski L, Waldo AL, Wyse DG; AFFIRM Investigators. Clinical factors that influence response to treatment strategies in atrial fibrillation: the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. Am Heart J. 2005 Apr;149(4):645-9.

Olshansky B, Rosenfeld LE, Warner AL, Solomon AJ, O'Neill G, Sharma A, Platia E, Feld GK, Akiyama T, Brodsky MA, Greene HL; AFFIRM Investigators. The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study: approaches to control rate in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Apr 7;43(7):1201-8.

Chung MK, Shemanski L, Sherman DG, Greene HL, Hogan DB, Kellen JC, Kim SG, Martin LW, Rosenberg Y, Wyse DG; AFFIRM Investigators. Functional status in rate- versus rhythm-control strategies for atrial fibrillation: results of the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Functional Status Substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Nov 15;46(10):1891-9. Epub 2005 Oct 21.

Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):

Proietti M, Romiti GF, Olshansky B, Lip GYH. Systolic Blood Pressure Visit-to-Visit Variability and Major Adverse Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM Study (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management). Hypertension. 2017 Nov;70(5):949-958. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10106. Epub 2017 Oct 3.

Saksena S, Slee A, Waldo AL, Freemantle N, Reynolds M, Rosenberg Y, Rathod S, Grant S, Thomas E, Wyse DG. Cardiovascular outcomes in the AFFIRM Trial (Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management). An assessment of individual antiarrhythmic drug therapies compared with rate control with propensity score-matched analyses. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Nov 1;58(19):1975-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.07.036.

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ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00000556 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	100
First Posted:	October 28, 1999 Key Record Dates
Last Update Posted:	March 25, 2016
Last Verified:	November 2005

Additional relevant MeSH terms:

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Atrial Fibrillation Heart Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Arrhythmias, Cardiac Pathologic Processes Quinidine Digoxin Amiodarone Verapamil Flecainide Sotalol Propafenone Procainamide Disopyramide Moricizine	Diltiazem Adrenergic Agents Adrenergic beta-Antagonists Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Cardiotonic Agents Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Protective Agents Physiological Effects of Drugs Vasodilator Agents Potassium Channel Blockers Membrane Transport Modulators Sodium Channel Blockers Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors

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