Rapid Diagnostic Tests and Clinical/Laboratory Predictors of Tropical Diseases In Patients With Persistent Fever in Cambodia, Nepal, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan (NIDIAG-Fever)
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Purpose
Tropical fevers have been a diagnostic challenge from the antiquity. Nowadays, despite the availability of good diagnostic capacities, undifferentiated febrile illnesses continue to be a thorny problem for travel physicians. In developing countries, the scarcity of skilled personnel and adequate laboratory facilities makes the differential diagnosis of fevers even more complex. Health care workers must often rely on syndrome-oriented empirical approaches to treatment and might overestimate or underestimate the likelihood of certain diseases. For instance Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) contribute substantially to the burden of persistent (more than 1 week) fevers in the Tropics, causing considerable mortality and major disability. These diseases are however rarely diagnosed at primary health care (PHC) level. The difficulty in establishing the cause of febrile illnesses has resulted in omission or delays in treatment, irrational prescriptions with polytherapy, increasing cost and development of drug resistance.
In resource-limited settings, clinical algorithms constitute a valuable aid to health workers, as they facilitate the therapeutic decision in the absence of good laboratory capacities. There is a critical lack of appropriate diagnostic tools to guide treatment of NTDs. While clinical algorithms have been developed for some NTDs, in most cases they remain empirical. Besides, they rarely take into account local prevalence data, do not adequately represent the spectrum of patients and differential diagnosis at the primary care level and often have not been properly validated. The purpose of the study is to develop evidence-based Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT)-supported diagnostic guidelines for patients with persistent fever (≥ 1 week) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Sudan, Cambodia and Nepal.
| Condition | Intervention |
|---|---|
|
Visceral Leishmaniasis Human African Trypanosomiasis Enteric Fever Melioidosis Brucellosis Leptospirosis Relapsing Fever Rickettsial Diseases HIV Tuberculosis Malaria Amoebic Liver Abscess |
Device: rk28 ICT Device: IT LEISH (rK39) Device: Immunochromatographic HAT test Device: HAT Serostrip Device: Card Agglutination Trypanosoma Test (CATT)-10 Device: Typhidot M Device: S. typhi IgM/IgG Device: Test-it Typhoid IgM Device: Test-it Leptospirosis IgM Device: Leptospira IgG/IgM |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment Masking: Single Blind (Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Diagnostic |
| Official Title: | Evaluation of Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) in Association With Clinical and Laboratory Predictors for the Diagnosis of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) in Patients Presenting With Persistent Fever (≥1 Week) in Cambodia, Nepal, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan |
- Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and other Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) [ Time Frame: 18 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Number of patients diagnosed with VL, HAT and other NTDs among those presenting with persistent(≥ 1 week) fever in one of the study sites
- Identification of clinical and laboratory diagnostic indicators [ Time Frame: 18 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Sensitivity, specificity, crude and adjusted likelihoods ratios (LR), and predictive values (post-test probabilities) of clinical and first-line laboratory predictors for the diagnosis of VL, HAT and other NTDs
- Identification of reliable Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) [ Time Frame: 18 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Assessment of sensitivity, likelihood ratios and performances (diagnostic accuracy) of the novel study RDTs for VL, HAT, enteric fever and
- Predictive values of RDTs [ Time Frame: 18 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Predictive values (post-test probabilities) of RDTs, alone and in combination, for the respective target conditions within the multi-disease approach
- Cost-effectiveness of the diagnostic tests [ Time Frame: 18 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Unit costs of diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of HAT and other priority NTDs/IDs in the setting
| Estimated Enrollment: | 2220 |
| Study Start Date: | January 2013 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | May 2014 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | February 2014 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Phase 3 Diagnostic
A total of 10 RDTs will be assessed in the patients cohort for the respective target condition
|
Device: rk28 ICT
rk28 ICT is an immunochromatographic assay intended for qualitative detection of IgG antibodies directed towards VL in human serum, plasma or whole blood. It is manufactured by EASE-Medtrend (Shanghai, China)
Device: IT LEISH (rK39)
IT LEISH is an immuno-chromatographic test, using the recombinant antigen K39, to detect the presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp. It is manufactured by BioRad laboratories, USA.
Device: Immunochromatographic HAT test
This is a lateral flow immunochromatographic test manufactured by Standard Diagnostics (Korea) in collaboration with FIND.
Device: HAT Serostrip
The HAT Serostrip is an immunochromatographic assay developed by Coris BioConcept, France, which is designed for remote field use in individual HAT suspects.
Device: Card Agglutination Trypanosoma Test (CATT)-10
The Card Agglutination Trypanosoma test (CATT) has been used for many years at large scale for mass screening of mostly asymptomatic individuals (CATT-R250). Unfortunately, its operating characteristics have only been evaluated in the context of patients with persistent fever. Although it is not strictly an RDT, the CATT is rather easily performed in remote settings, in particular since a new and more robust format (CATT-D10) allows to test a lower number of patients in peripheral health facilities. It is manufactured by the Institute of Tropical Medicine of Antwerp, Belgium.
Device: Typhidot M
The Typhidot M test is a dot enzyme immunoassay that detects IgM and IgG directed against Salmonella typhi. It is manufactured by Reszon Diagnostics International, Malaysia
Device: S. typhi IgM/IgG
The Salmonella typhi IgG/IgM Rapid Test is an immunochromatographic assay for the qualitative differential detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to Salmonella typhi in human serum, plasma or whole blood. It is manufactured by Standard Diagnostics (Korea)
Device: Test-it Typhoid IgM
Test-it Typhoid IgM lateral flow assay is a one-step immunochromatographic assay which uses a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen derived from salmonella typhi for the detection of specific IgM antibodies. It is manufactured by Life Assay, South Africa.
Device: Test-it Leptospirosis IgM
The Test-it™ Leptospira lateral flow device detects IgM antibodies in humans against Leptospira in whole blood or serum. It is manufactured by Life Assay, South Africa
Device: Leptospira IgG/IgM
This test enables the differential detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to Leptospira interrogans. It is manufactured by Standard Diagnostics, Korea
|
Detailed Description:
This study is part of a large European Union (EU)-funded research project called NIDIAG that aims at developing integrated, evidence-based syndromic approach to improve management of NTD-related clinical syndromes. NIDIAG targets three non-specific clinical syndromes: the persistent fever, neurological, and intestinal syndrome. The objective of the project is to establish diagnostic guidelines for each of this syndrome, with a particular focus on severe and treatable neglected infectious diseases. The developed guidelines should integrate relevant Point-of-Care (POC)tests.
The persistent fever syndrome targeted by NIDIAG is defined as presence of fever for at least one week. The list of diseases - both NTD and other Infectious Diseases (ID) - that frequently cause persistent (≥1 week) fever in the study countries includes: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), Human Africa Trypanosomiasis (HAT), Enteric (typhoid, paratyphoid) fever, Malaria, Brucellosis, Melioidosis, Tuberculosis, Amoebic liver abscess, Relapsing fever, HIV, Rickettsial diseases, and Leptospirosis. The study will try to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of these diseases as well as validate existing RDTs.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 5 Years and older |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- fever for ≥ 1 week
- ≥ 5 years old
Exclusion Criteria:
- unwilling or unable to give written informed consent
- unable in the study physician's opinion to comply with the study requirements
- existing laboratory confirmed diagnosis
- need of immediate intensive care due to shock or respiratory distress
Contacts and Locations| Contact: François Chappuis, MD, PhD | +41 22 372 96 20 | françois.chappuis@hcuge.ch |
| Contact: Emilie Alirol, PhD | +41 22 372 95 02 | emilie.alirol@hcuge.ch |
| Cambodia | |
| Sihanouk Hospital Center of HOPE | Recruiting |
| Phnom Penh, Cambodia | |
| Contact: Kruy Lim, MD +855 11 623 808 kruylim@sihosp.org | |
| Contact: Thong Phe, MD thongphe@sihosp.org | |
| Principal Investigator: Kruy Lim, MD | |
| Sub-Investigator: Thong Phe, MD | |
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | |
| Reference Hospital Mosango | Recruiting |
| Mosango, Bandundu, Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | |
| Contact: Deby Mukendi, MD debymukendi@yahoo.fr | |
| Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale | Not yet recruiting |
| Kinshasa, Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | |
| Contact: Pascal Lutumba, PhD 00243(0)818158961 papascal_lutumba@yahoo.fr | |
| Contact: Alain Mpanya, MD 00243(0)815154480 mpanya_alain@yahoo.fr | |
| Nepal | |
| Dhankuta District hospital | Recruiting |
| Dhankuta, Koshi Zone, Nepal | |
| BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences | Recruiting |
| Dharan, Nepal | |
| Contact: Suman Rijal, MD, PhD 977 25 531254 sumanrijal2@yahoo.com | |
| Principal Investigator: Suman Rijal, MD, PhD | |
| Sub-Investigator: Basudha Khanal, PhD | |
| Sub-Investigator: Narayan Battarai, MSc | |
| Sub-Investigator: Nisha Bhaata, MD | |
| Sub-Investigator: Bickram Pradhan, MD | |
| Sudan | |
| Tabarak Allah Hospital | Suspended |
| Tabarak Allah, Gedaref, Sudan | |
| University of Khartoum | Active, not recruiting |
| Khartoum, Sudan | |
| Study Director: | François Chappuis, MD, PhD | University Hospital, Geneva |
More Information
Additional Information:
No publications provided
| Responsible Party: | Francois CHAPPUIS, Professor, University Hospital, Geneva |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT01766830 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | WP2-01-FEV, 260260 |
| Study First Received: | January 9, 2013 |
| Last Updated: | April 23, 2013 |
| Health Authority: | Belgium: Ethics Committee Nepal: Health Research Council Sudan: Ministry of Health Congo, Democratic Republic of the: Ministry of Health Cambodia: Ministry of Health |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Abscess Brucellosis Fever Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leptospirosis Weil Disease Liver Abscess Liver Abscess, Amebic Malaria Melioidosis Relapsing Fever Rickettsia Infections Trypanosomiasis Trypanosomiasis, African |
Tuberculosis Typhoid Fever Suppuration Infection Inflammation Pathologic Processes Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Bacterial Infections Body Temperature Changes Signs and Symptoms Euglenozoa Infections Protozoan Infections Parasitic Diseases Skin Diseases, Parasitic Skin Diseases, Infectious |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 22, 2013