International Multicentre Prospective Study on Morphine-induced Adverse Drug Reactions in Emergency Departments: Description and Predictive Factors. (EI Morphinique)

• Occurrence of morphine related adverse-event [ Time Frame: From the administration of morphine until 6 hours after this first administration ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  The primary outcome variable will be defined as occurrence of morphine related adverse-event (including nausea, dizziness, emesis, drowsiness, pruritus, respiratory distress and death)
  
  

• Description of adverse effects caused by morphine [ Time Frame: For each side effects of morphine from the first administration of morphine until 6 hours after. ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  Description of adverse effects caused by morphine, initial and final pain scores and support given by centres. Imputability scores will be evaluated for each event.
  
  

We want to study a large cohort of morphine-induced adverse drug reactions patients, the consequences for patients, mainly in terms of severity, and predictive criteria. This will allow us to identify some patients most at risk of morphine-induced adverse drug reactions, and thus to adapt morphine titration and monitoring of these patients. Leading to a better understanding and a better prediction of adverse effects in patients, it is possible that part of the "opiophobia" which persists in emergency services disappear. Finally, it is toward a better security but also a better efficiency in the management of pain patients in emergencies that leads this study.

The secondary objectives are:

To determine the frequency and severity of adverse events related to morphine. To establish an inventory of morphine use in emergency departments in the different centres studied.